高三英语知识点

时间:2024-03-04 08:05:39 好文 我要投稿

(优选)高三英语知识点

  上学期间,是不是经常追着老师要知识点?知识点是指某个模块知识的重点、核心内容、关键部分。为了帮助大家更高效的学习,以下是小编整理的高三英语知识点,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

(优选)高三英语知识点

高三英语知识点1

  1. access to 接近,进入(某地的)方法; 通路

  The only access to that building is along that muddy track.

  到那栋建筑的通路是沿着那条泥泞的路走。

  2. according to 按照,依照,视……而定

  The work was done according to his instructions.

  那工作是依照他的指示做的。

  3. be addicted to 沉溺于……,对……上瘾

  He became addicted to the drug.

  他上了毒瘾。

  4. belong to 属于

  This dictionary belongs to me.

  这本词典是我的。

  5. contribute to 为……做贡献,为……撰稿

  Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.

  人人都应该尽自己的能力为社会做贡献。

  6. devote to 献身,致力于……

  He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.

  他一生献身于帮助残疾人。

  7. due to 因为,由于……而起

  His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.

  他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。

  8. be equal to 与……相当,有能力胜任……的`

  Bill is quite equal to running the office.

  比尔的能力足以管理这个部门。

  9. get close to 靠近,接近

  Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.

  如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。

  10. get down to 开始做某事,认真处理某事

  It’s time I got down to some serious work.

  我该认真干点正事了。

  11. hold to 忠于……,坚持,遵循

  Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.

  不管你怎样争辩,我将坚持我的决定。

  12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,饮料等)

  Help yourself to a cigarette.

  请随便用香烟吧。

  13. look forward to 盼望,期待

  We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.

  我们非常盼望再见到你。

  14. lead to 导致

  This misprint led to great confusion.

  这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

  15. prefer…to…两者间更喜欢……

  I prefer walking to cycling.

  我愿意步行,不愿意骑自行车。

  16. pay attention to 注意

  Pay attention to what the teacher is talking about!

  注意老师说的话!

  17. refer to 提到,涉及到,关系到,参考,查阅

  What I have to say refers to all of you.

  我要说的事和你们大家都有关。

  18. relate to 与……有关,涉及……

  Wealth is seldom related to happiness.

  财富鲜于幸福有关。

  19. see to 照看或处理某事物

  Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?

  你来处理下次委员会会议安排,好吗?

  20.stick to 坚持,不改变或不放弃

  We don’t want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!

  我们不想听你的想法,只讲事实!

  21.turn to 转向,求助于,转而做

  The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.

  他情绪越低落越是借酒浇愁。

  22.used to 习惯于……,适应……

  She is quite used to working hard.

  她很习惯做艰苦的工作。

高三英语知识点2

  一、重要单词用法例析

  1. below prep. & adv. 在……下面,低于

  Do not write below the line. 不要该横线下写字。

  I live on the floor below. 我住在下一层。

  2. concentrate vt. & vi. 集中于,专注

  I tried my best to concentrate my thoughts on the problem. 我努力让自己集中思想在这个问题上。

  3. meanwhile adv. 在此其间,与此同时

  The train won’t leave for an hour. Meanwhile we can have lunch. 火车还有一个小时才开,其间我们可以吃中饭。

  Tom was at home studying. Meanwhile, Jon was out playing. Tom在家学习,与时同时Jon外出玩耍。

  搭配:in the meanwhile同时,在此期间

  In the meanwhile I’ll visit an old friend of mine. 在这期间我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。

  4. gifted adj. 有天分的; 有天赋的

  He is a gifted musician. 他是天才音乐家。

  5. seldom adv. 很少

  There is seldom snow in Guangdong. 广东很少下雪。

  He seldom goes out on Sundays, does he? 星期天他很少出去,对吗?

  Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。

  注意:(1)其后的反意疑问句用肯定式;(2)位于句首时,谓语用部分倒装。

  6. occupation n. 职业;占用,占据

  Teaching is me occupation. 教书是我的职业。

  The old house is under my occupation. 这所旧宅现已为我所有。

  辨析:occupation表示职业,较为正式,常用于表格;work工作,不可数名词;job职业,可数名词,可指单独一个任务,也可指工作职位;profession工作,是指需要特别技能/训练和高等教育的工作;trade是指手艺工。

  7. eager adj. 渴望的,热切的

  She is eager to go home. 她很想回家。

  He is eager for a computer. 他渴望有台电脑。

  辨析:be anxious to do sth 急于做……(强调着急)

  8. acquire vt. 获得,取得

  She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。

  9. deny vt. 不认,拒绝

  He denied telling me. =He denied that he had told me. 他否认他告诉过我。

  注意:后接动词作宾语时,只能用-ing形式。

  10. employ vt. 雇用,使用

  We employed a cook. 我们雇用了一个厨师。

  How do you employ your spare time? 你是怎样利用你的`空余时间的?

  He is employed in watering the flowers. 他正忙于给花浇水。

  11. cover vt. 盖,遍布,走,采访

  The Red Army covered 500 kilometers one day. 红军一天要行走500公里。

  All the papers like to cover the affairs of the famous persons. 很多报纸喜欢报道名人的韵事。

高三英语知识点3

  一、非谓语动词

  “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;

  advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.

  二、复合句

  1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.

  例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)

  B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)

  关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.

  2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性).

  例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.

  B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

  C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.

  D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.

  三、It的用法

  1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的.主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后.

  例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

  然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger).

  例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

  B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.

  2、It还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make).

  例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.

  B、I think it no use arguing with him.

  3、It用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词.这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.

  例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)

  B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)

  C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)

  但要注意与定语从句的区别.

  例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)

  在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.

  四、倒装结构

  学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装.如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不

  倒装的属特殊.下面举例说明:

  A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)

  B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)

  C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)

  D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

  E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)

  F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)

  G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)

  H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

  I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)

  五、虚拟语气

  虚拟语气也是一个难点.所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实.它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示.现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do). 下面举例说明:

  A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)

  B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

  C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)

  D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

  E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)

  F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)

  G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)

  H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)

高三英语知识点4

  pleasant, pleasing, pleased

  (1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物,不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语,而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的,令人高兴的”。

  I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.

  我希望你能过一个愉快的'假期。

  (2) pleasing “令人高兴的,令人愉快的”,表示宁静、满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感,传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事物。

  An actor should have a pleasing personality.

  表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。

  (3) pleased “高兴的,感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时,句子的主语只能是“人”,而不能是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对……表示满 意”之意。

  She had a pleased look on his face.

  她脸上露出了满意的表情。

  burn down, burn up, burn out

  bum down 指“烧为平地,烧毁”;也指“火力减弱”。

  The house was burnt down in an hour.

  房子一小时被烧为平地。

  bum up 有“烧旺”之意,也可指“消耗掉”。

  You'd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.

  你往火上添着柴,让它烧旺。

  bum out 指“火熄灭”。

  The fire had burnt out before I returned.

  在我回来前,火已经熄灭了。

  elect, select, choose

  elect 只能用于选举人,是投票选举的正式用语。

  They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。

  choose 可用于挑选人或物。

  It's hard for me to choose one from so many pairs of shoes.

  要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。

  select 意为精心挑选,多用于物。

  She selected a pair of socks to match her suit.

  他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。

  be known for, be known as, be known to

  be known for 以……出了名 (通常不是指同位的关系)

  be known as 作为……出了名 (通常加上职业名词,表同位关系)

  be known to为……所知

  Japan is known for its cars.

  日本以它的汽车而闻名。

  Luxun is known as a writer.

  鲁迅作为作家很出名。

  As is known to all, China has four famous invitations.

  众所周知,中国有四大的发明。

  observe, watch

  当“观察”来讲时,observe相当于watch carefully,尤其用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说,observe含有“察觉到”的意思,watch意为“盯着看”。

  watch还含有“观看(比赛、电视)”等,而observe没有此意。另外,watch还有“照料”之意,相当于take care of。还有“当心”之意,相当于be careful with。

  She has observed the stars all her life.

  她一生都在观察星星。

  I'll watch the baby while you are away.

  你不在时,由我照料你女儿。

高三英语知识点5

  1.讲究词汇记忆质量,提升阅读理解能力

  英语阅读能力高低,关键在于词汇量,所以考生一定要注意词汇记忆的质量,注意积累和掌握处理词汇的四个基本能力:①根据构词法判断衍生词、派生词和合成词的词义和词性的能力;②根据篇章语境和上下文断定一词多义、熟词生义的语言能力;③娴熟掌握篇章中语言借代的现象;④准确判断与阅读理解密切相关的一些语言功能现象,如:逻辑连词,递进衔接词和语法连接词。

  2.精读泛读相互融合,确保能力开阔视野

  精读的目的是:弄清每个词汇的确切含义和其语言功能,整体把握篇章,了解谋篇布局和熟悉作者的语言结构。通过精读反过来促进词汇记忆和应用,同时又能达到学习他人的写作目的。

  泛读的目的是:坚持每天读一点,旨在开阔视野,增加英美文化背景知识,扩大知识面有助于提升阅读理解能力,以此不断丰富自己处理语言现象的能力。

  3.正确掌握阅读速度,强化阅读理解精度

  近年来的高考阅读篇章的篇幅较长,对考生的阅读速度和理解的精度要求较高。因此,考生应采用正确的阅读方法,把自己的关注力集中在语义上,准确领会作者的写作意图为阅读第一要素。应用“意群理解”的阅读方式,多用略读、跳读、扫读和回读的快捷方法,在最短的时间内找寻关键词、主题句及作者意图等重要信息。为提高阅读速度,最好坚持有针对性的限时阅读训练策略的.强化,提升阅读速度的同时又能把握阅读理解的精度。

  针对高考阅读理解的命题原则和思路,建议考生应在阅读理解策略上多下功夫,动动点子。针对高考阅读理解设题思路,考生可根据不同题型采用不同策略。

  ①主旨大意题??“篇章首尾兼顾”策略

  这类题称之为“主题句定位原则”,通常可在文章首段的第一句或段落的首尾句找到主旨大意的关键词语。

  ②综合细节题??“语义类似定位”策略

  今年高考的综合细节题多运用同义解释或反义转换形式,侧重考查考生的语言的理解和把握能力,故解题时宜采用相关同义或反义表述搜寻策略即可。

  ③推测判断题??“因果关联定位”策略

  这类题为“依据事实推测未知结论”的类型理解题,解题时须遵循客观规律,符合逻辑推理,根据已知事实依据判定动作趋势和相关结果的因果关联思考。

  ④最佳标题题??“中心词+概括性词语”策略

  这类题的词语短而精炼,解题时应遵循“概括性词语加上中心词”的搭配原则,这类题的短语构成具有概括性、针对性和醒目性的特点。

  ⑤作者意图题??“尾段言语定位”策略

  这类题主要考查考生能否正确判定作者为何写这篇文章,他对所描述的事件的真正看法是什么,所以,解题时重点关注短文的最后一段含有结论性的词语就能获得关键信息词语。

高三英语知识点6

  link A to B 将A和B连接起来

  refer to

  1)提及,指的是……

  e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?

  2) 参考;查阅;询问

  e.g. If you don'tunderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

  Please refer to the lastpage of the book for answers.

  3) 关系到;关乎

  e.g. What I have to sayrefers to all of you.

  This rule refers toeveryone.

  reference: n. 参考

  e.g. reference books 参考书

  7. to one's surprise (prep)

  “to one's + 名词”表“令某人……”

  常见的'名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

  e.g. I discovered, to myhorror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

  To John's great relief theyreached the house at last.

  8. ... found themselves united peacefully

  “find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语;不定式)”

  e.g. A cook will beimmediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

  You'll find him easy to getalong with.

  They found themselvestrapped by the bush fire.

  When I woke up, I foundmyself in hospital.

  I called on him yesterday,but I found him out.

  9. get sth done =have sthdone 使某事被做…….

  e.g. I'll just get thesedishes washed and then I'll come.

  get + n. + to do

  get + n. + doing

  You'll get her to agree.

  I'll get the car going.

  get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生,意为“被…….”

  e.g. Be careful when youcross this very busy street.

  10.break away (from sb /sth) 脱离;破除…

  e.g. It is not easy for himto break away from bad habits.

  The man broke away from hisguards.

  break down (会谈)破裂,失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控

  e.g. His car broke down onthe way to work this morning.

  His health broke down underthe pressure of work.

  He broke down and wept whenhe heard the news.

  Talks between the twocountries have completely broken down.

  break in 闯入;打岔

  break off 中断,折断

  break into 闯入

  break out 爆发;发生

  break up 驱散;分散,拆散

  11. as well as 不仅…而且;既…又…

  e.g. He is a teacher aswell as a writer.

  The children as well astheir father were seen playing football in the street.

  12.convenience: n.方便;便利

  e.g. We bought this housefor its convenience.

  convenient: adj.

  13. attraction:

  1). 吸引;引力(不可数 n.)

  2). 吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数 n.)

  e.g. attraction ofgravitation 重力

  He can't resist theattraction of the sea on a hot day.

  A big city offers many andvaried attractions.

  What are the principleattractions this evening?

  attract: v.

  14.influence

  1) v. 对…产生影响

  e.g. What influence you tochoose a career in teaching?

  2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事

  e.g. He is one of the goodinfluences in the school.

  3) (不可数n.) 影响

  e.g. A teacher has greatinfluence over his pupils.

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