1 scene n.（戏剧）一场，一景； （电影、广播等）一场；（戏剧）场景，布景(5)
This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes.
这个剧分为三幕，每一幕有三个场景。
景色，风景The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
"观看太阳从东方慢慢升起,这种景色确实太美了。"
view scene Sight 辨析 都含“所看到的东西”的意思。
Sight Something worth seeing; a spectacle:值得一看的事物；风景：
the sights of London.伦敦的风光
Something unsightly:不雅观的事物： Your hair is a sight.你的头发很难看
view 系常用词, 指“能看到的或在视野之内的实物”, 如:
The view is cut off by the next building.旁边的楼房挡住了视野。
scene 指 “展现在眼前的风景、景色、景象”, 如:
The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene.港内的船只构成了美丽的景色。
2 speed n.速度；速率(5)at a speed of eighty miles an hour以每小时80英里的速度
The speed of the car was frightening.这辆小汽车的速度真吓人。
vi. (sped[sped],speeded)迅速前进, 快行(along, down, up, across) [美]超速行驶
加速(up)
speed through wind and waves斩风劈浪向前进
The ambulance sped to the hospital.救护车快速开往医院。
He was arrested for speeding.他因超速行车
常用短语：at full[top] speed用全速, 开足马力尽力地; 尽快地
with all speed用全速, 开足马力 speed up加快速度
3 live with忍受(5)
"I don't enjoy the pain, but I can live with it.""我虽然不以疼痛为乐,但还可以忍受。"
live up to真正做到，生活得无愧于
We will live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。
Did the TV play live up to your expectations?这部电视剧有你期望的那样好吗?
live for为…而活着
live（与on连用）靠…生活
The minority in the primitive forest used to live on a diet of wild animals.
原始森林里的少数民族过去用野兽作为主食。
adj.活的，有生命的 有电的 炽热的；燃烧的：现场直播的现场直播的；
live coals.炽热的煤炭 a live animal活的动物
The cat was playing with a live mouse.那猫在玩一只活老鼠。
a live television program.现场直播的电视节目
adv.实况转播地 在现场地
The landing on the moon was telecast live.现场转播了登月行动
4 owe vt., vi.owed, owing(5)
（常与for连用）欠， 欠债
I owe you an apology.我该向你道歉。
I owe you for your help.我感谢你的帮助。
对…负有义务；感恩；感激
We owe our parents a lot.我们十分感激父母。
（常与to连用）归功于；由于
She owes her success to good luck.她把成功归功于幸运。
The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement.
年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。
vi.欠, 有支付[偿还]的义务(for)
He still owes for what he bought last summer.他去年夏天买东西欠的钱还未还呢 !
5 role n.角色任务; 作用(5)
the leading role主角
He played the role of the old king in our school play.
他在我们学校演的剧中扮演老国王的角色。
常用短语：play an important role in在...中起重要作用
play the leading role起主要作用, 起带头作用
play the role of(sb.)(在剧中)扮演(某人)角色
6 take after相似She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。(5)
take back撤销；同意收回；同意回来
take over接任；接管；接收
take to喜欢；沉溺于；养成…习惯
to take to drinking沉溺于饮酒
take up开始从事；专注于；继续；接下去
He took up art while at school.他在学校时开始对艺术感到兴趣。
to take up one's story接着讲故事
take for当作；误认为 Do you take me for a fool?你以为我是个傻瓜吗?
We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。
take in收留，收容（某人）改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸；了解；领悟；欺骗；蒙骗
You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.
你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。
to take in a doctrine了解一种主义
take off脱掉（衣服）；（飞机）起飞打折；作为折扣而减价：休假暂时不做（自己工作中的）应做的工作：I'm taking off three days during May.五月份我将会休假三天
took 20 percent off.优惠百分之二十
The plane took off at three o'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。
take on雇用；聘用；开始显现；变得有；承担（工作、责任等）
took on extra responsibilities.担负了额外的责任
took on more workers during the harvest.在收获期间雇了更多的工人
take up 用尽，耗掉或占用：喜欢对…产生了兴趣或钟爱；开始从事（一项职业或行当）：
The extra duties took up most of my time.额外工作耗费了我绝大部分时间：
take up mountain climbing.喜欢上登山运动
took up engineering.干起了工程设计这一行
6 turn (时刻)超过, 逾He has turned fifty.他已经五十岁了。
It has just turned half past two.现在刚过两点半。
7 apologize to sb.向某人道歉(6)
apologize to sb. for doing sth.向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉
apologize for oneself为自已解辩或辩护
例 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。
I apologized to the chairman for being late.我因迟到向会议主席道歉。
Apology Offer\ make an apology to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉
8 fault n.过失，过错(6)
Who broke the cup? It's my fault, I dropped it.谁把杯子摔了？这是我的过错，我摔的。
That's no fault of his.这不是他的过错。
"The fault lies with me, not with you.""这是我的责任,不是你的责任。"
缺点；瑕疵"There seems to be some fault in the computer, and we're just looking into it.""这台电脑好象有点毛病,我们正在检查原因。"
Your only fault is carelessness.你惟一的缺点是粗心大意。
习惯用语：at fault Deserving of blame; guilty:该受责备的；有罪的； 感到困惑; 不知所措
admitted to being at fault.承认有罪
find fault To seek, find, and complain about faults;挑错，找错寻找、发现和抱怨错处；批评：
found fault with his speech.挑他演讲的错
error mistake辨析
都含“错误”的意思。
error 强调“违反某一既定标准, 不经心而做了错事, 产生偏差、疏忽或行动上的错误”, 如:
an error in judgement 判断上的错误。
mistake 指“由于粗心、不注意或在理解、认识或判断上的不正确而造成行动或看法上的错误, 有时这种错误是无意的”, 如:I used your pen by mistake.我错拿了你的钢笔。
9 manner n.做事的方法；事情发生的方式;态度；举止(6)
Why are you talking in such a strange manner?你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？
a very rude manner很粗鲁的态度
(pl) 礼貌；礼节It's bad manners to talk with a full mouth.嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。
You should have good manners all the time.任何时候都应该有礼貌。
10 leave alone不打扰防止打搅或干扰(6)
leave off停止；结束;停止做或使用
leave out省去, 遗漏, 不考虑
11 include vt.包括, 包含(7)
Price $14.90, postage included.价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。
He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.
他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。
include强调“包括作为整体的一部分”, 即“同类包含”
如:The list included his name.这个名单上包括他的名字。
contain着重“其中确实包含有”， 即“不同类包含”
如：The bottle contains water. 这个瓶子里有水。
Pig iron may contain 4％of carbon.生铁可含百分之四的碳。
12 limit n.界限, 限度, 限vt.限制, 限定(7)
The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.
限速是允许驾车的最快速度。
vt.（与to连用）限制；限定
My mother limits the amount of food that I eat.我母亲限制我的饭量。
The Constitution limits the President's term of office to four years. 宪法规定总统的任期四年。
limit the expense to 1,000 dollars把开支限制到1,000美元
习惯用语：within limits适度地, 有限地 without limit无限制地, 无限地
set a limit to限制, 控制 go beyond [over] the limit超过限度
13 restore vt.(使)恢复, (使)复元, 使恢复意识; 使 复职, (使)复辟, 使放回原位(7)
归还, 交还 修复[补]; 重建; 补正, 校补
restore sb. to consciousness使某人恢复知觉
restore sb. to life使某人苏醒过来
restore sb. to his old post使某人复职
restore the book to the shelf把书放回书架
renew restore refresh都含“恢复”、“更新”的意思。
renew 系常用词, 指“使已旧或已失去力气、活力等物变新或复原”, 如:
renew a stock of goods更新库存货物。
restore 指“把用旧、用坏的东西恢复原样”, 如:restore an old castle恢复旧城堡。
refresh 指“使恢复力量、精力”, 如:refresh oneself with a cold shower
14 ruin n衰败；毁灭；瓦解；废墟；破产(7)
We saw the ruins of the church.我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。
the ruin of his hopes他的希望的破灭
The building is in ruins.那建筑物已成断壁残垣。
Gambling was his ruin[the ruin of him].赌博是他堕落的原因。
in ruins成立废墟，遭到严重破坏
ruin vt. 毁坏；毁灭
She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it.她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。
使破产I was ruined by that law case.我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。
习惯用语：be the ruin of成为...毁灭[堕落]的原因
bring sb. to ruin使某人失败; 使倾家荡产 go\ come to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉
in ruins成为废墟 ruin oneself毁掉自己
damage destroy ruin都含“破坏”、“毁坏”的意思。
damage 指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等, 不一定全部破坏, 损坏了还可以修复”, 如:
The heavy rain damaged many houses.大雨毁坏了许多房子。
destroy 指“彻底毁坏以至不能或很难修复”, 如:
That town was destroyed in a big fire.那个城镇在一场大火中被毁了。
ruin现在多用于借喻中, 泛指一般的“弄坏了”, 如:
He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。
15 weight n. 重量 What is your weight?你体重多少？(8)
by weight按重量计算 gain [lose] weight增加[减少]体重
put on weight体重增加, 发胖
16 point n.点, 尖端, 分数, 要点, ；含义vt.弄尖, 指向, 指出, 瞄准, 加标点于（8）
I don't see the point of waiting for her, she is probably not coming.
我不知道等她有什么意义，她可能不来了。
What is the point of discussing this issue further?这件事再讨论下去有什么意义呢?
in point of=With reference to; in the matter of:就…而言；关于…：
In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.
事实上，我从未在表中所填的那个地址居住过
to the point切题的，切中的有关正在讨论的事件的，或与正在讨论的事件有关的：
remarks that were to the point; rambled and would not speak to the point.
和本题相关的话；随便地乱讲却不讲与本题相关的
on the point of resignation;.正要辞职之时；
用处；用途There's no point in wasting time.耗时间没用。
17 score n.得分,二十, vt.把...记下, 刻划, 获得, 评价vi.记分, 得分(6\8)
The score in the football game was 4 - 1.足球比赛的比分是四比一。
Will you score for us when we play?我们打球时你给我们记分好吗？
three score of people六十人
scores years ago许多年前
18 no more than adv.只是
not more than n. 至多
than [用于rather, sooner, 之后]与其...(宁愿...)
I'd rather you came tomorrow than today.我宁愿你于明天来而不是今天来。
I would rather die than disgrace myself.我宁死不受辱。
[用于 other, else, anywhere 等之后]除...以外
They were given nothing other than dry bread and water for their evening meal.
他们晚餐仅仅分到干面包和水。
He did nothing else than laugh.他除了笑以外没做别的事。(他只是笑。)
[用于scarcely, hardly之后表示时间](刚刚...)就
Hardly had I finished telling the news than she began to cry.我还没有把消息讲完她就哭了起来。
19 give away背弃;泄露(秘密), 暴露;赠送, 分送;(7)
give in屈服, 投降, 退让(to);交[呈]上
give off(散)发出(蒸气), 发散(光线)
give out用完, 用尽;散[分]发;公布, 发表;精疲力竭
give over交给[付], 移交
give up放弃, 停[中]止;投降, 认输, 泄气
20 stand by在场；靠近;袖手旁观;忠于；信守(8)
to stand by one's promise遵守诺言
stand for代表，表示；意指；象征;容忍；允许;参加...的竞选
We will not stand for impertinent behavior.我们不会容忍不礼貌的行为
stand out明显；醒目;突出；杰出;坚持；支撑
to stand out a crisis挨过危机
stand up耐久；耐用;成立
Will the charge stand up in court?这个指控在法庭上能成立吗？
stand up for维护；拥护；支持
stand off远离;[美]疏开, 避开; 延期