Unit1
1. settle an argument: put an end to an argument解决争端、纠纷
2. send in寄去（处理）
3. set down:○1 write down记下，写下 ○2放下，停车让乘客下车 联想短语：set about doing开始，着手
set out to do着手开始，出发
set off（for）动身，起程（去）
set aside留出，把…置于一旁
set up建立，树立
set back 退步，挫折，阻碍
4. keep track of: keep in touch with与…保持联系 Lose track of 失去联系
5.moustache: 上嘴唇的胡子
beard:下巴上的胡子，络腮胡子
6. draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
7.hire: employ雇佣 fire
8.reach a lengthheightdepthwidth of
长度、高度、深度、宽度（名词）
eg.○1Water was found at a depth of 30meters.
○2They dug down to a depth of 2 meters.
○3It’s about 10meters in depth.
=It’s about 10meters deep.
=It has a depth of 10meter.
9.be suitable for适合，恰当
10.set/hold/break a record
11.stand out显眼，突出，杰出
outstanding(a.)优秀的，杰出的，出色的
12.Impressive as the record is, it fades next…
=Though the record is impressive, it fades...
As引导的让步状语从句，应倒装，把从句中的状语和表语提到as之前，如果从句的表语是名词，则在名词前不加任何冠词。
eg.Child as he is, he has to make a living by himself.=Though he is a child, he has to…
比较：As he is a child, he doesn’t have to worry about life.由于他还是个小孩子……
13.be diagnosed with被诊断为
14.in a row连续几次地
15.lead sb. to do导致、诱使某人做某事
lead to(prep.) sth/doing导致
16.in the first place:○1用于句尾，当初○2用于句首，第一，首先(in the second/third/… place)
17.apply (to sb.) for 申请，请求
18.fascinate深深吸引、迷住 fascinated(a.)入迷的，极感兴趣的
19.burst/break into 突然开始（笑、哭等）
20.concentrate on 集中精力于，聚精会神
21.center/focus on把…当中心,使成为中心
22.sth be familiar to sb.熟悉的
Sb. be familiar with sth.
23.head(v.) （for）前往，朝向
24.have sth to do with和…有关
Unit2
1.take possession of:占有拥有 possess(vt.)
in possession of某人拥有……
in the possession of某物被某人拥有，占有
2.in the name of sb.=in one’s name 以…名义
3.masses of +可数/不可数名词: 大量
4.be rich in含有丰富的…，大量含有
5.dig up挖出，挖掘
6.expect to do期待；预料，预计
7.risk one’s life冒生命危险
8.be equipped with: be armed with用…装备
9.form/lay the foundation(for)（为…）奠定基础
10.puzzle(n.&vt.)谜，使困惑，使迷惑
puzzled(a.)感到困惑的，迷惑的
puzzling(a.)令人困惑的，迷惑的
11. before long：soon不久
long before很久以前
It was not long before+句子 ：不久就…
12.It is well known that…众所周知
13.in exchange for交换
14.develop into发展成为
15.be taken prisoner被俘虏，被关起来
16.make a voyage/journey/trip
go on a voyage/journey/trip
17.be ripe for时机成熟
18.height○1高度○2最高水平，最强点
19.command/order sb. to do 指挥，命令
command/order that sb.(should) do
under one’s command在某人的指挥下
=under the command of sb.
20.set sail (from/for/to)起航
21.excite(vt.)激发，引发，引起
22.response(n.) to(prep.) 回复，回答
respond(vi.) to(prep.)
23.in return (for)作为（对…的）回报，回应
in turn 依次，轮流，逐个
24.建议：suggest doing
suggest that sb.(should) do
表明，暗示：suggest that+真实语气的从句
25.at an altitude of=at a height of在…的高度
26.apart from○1except for除了（排除在外）
○2besides, in addition to除了…还（包括在内）
27.adjust to(prep.)适应
28.be ideal/perfect for完美的，理想的
29.the first（…） to do 第一个做某事的…
30.make an attempt to do试图，尝试
in an attempt to do
31.refer to○1提到，谈及○2指的是○3查阅，参考
32.run out: be used up耗尽，用光
33.arise-arose-arisen(vi.)发生，产生，出现
rise-rose-risen(vi.)上升，升起
raise-raised-raised(vt.)升起，饲养，筹措
34.on/upon (one’s) return/arrival一回来/到达就
35.praise sb. for/as表扬
36.bring up抚养，养育；提出
bring in引进
Unit3
1.make up○1组成 be made up of=consist of由…组成○2弥补○3化妆○4编造，虚构
2.people○1民族，种族。复数为peoples
○2人们，前不加the 单复数
○3人民，前需加the 同形
3.be harmful to(prep.)=be bad for对…有害
do harm (n.)to(prep.)
harm (vt.)sb./sth
4.as a consequence/result(of)因此，作为…的结果
5.have an influence/effect on=
influence/affect(vt.)sb./sth.对…产生影响
6.transform…into/to :change into转换
7.A&B differ (from each other)
=A differs from B不同，相异
=A is different from B
8.break out突然爆发
9.Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia …
现在分词的完成式作状语，状语的动作比谓语动词的动作早.
10. lay(vt.)-laid-laid-laying 放；下蛋
lie(vi.)-lay-lain-lying 躺
lie-lied-lied-lying 说谎
11.feed(…)on喂养，饲养
12.give birth to生孩子，产仔
13.倍数的表达法：
○1Tom is twice as old as Jerry.
○2Tom is twice older than Jerry.
○3Tom is twice the age of Jerry.
○4Tom’s age is twice that of Jerry.复数用those
14.keep out (of)不进入，留在外面，把…关外面
15.round up: gather together使聚集，聚拢
Unit4
1. classify into: group分类 class等级，种类
后缀-fy(vt.)：identify/satisfy/terrify/horrify
2. be born into/to出生于
3. lead/live a cozy life过着舒适的生活
4. have an appetite for: have a strong desire for有强烈的愿望
5. appoint sb. as任命，委任
6. firstly, secondly, thirdly：同first, second, third（用于列举）第一，第二，第三
7. look/watch out (for)当心，留心寻觅
8. on a large scale大规模，大范围
9. from behind his desk幕后
10. involve卷入 be involved in有关联
11. elect sb. (as) sth选举，推举
12. a great deal of+不可数名词。大量
13. at great/vast /little/no expense花费大/小
at one’s expense:paid for by sb.由某人花钱
14. pass away/on（婉辞）去世，亡故
15. name after按…命名
16. in one’s youth在某人年少的时候
17. deserve sth值得，应得，不用进行时
deserve to do sth
18. carry out /conduct/do/ perform an experiment做实验
19. concern(v.)○1涉及○2使担忧
concerning(prep.): about关于，涉及
20. pass on○1转交，传给○2去世
21. consider (to be)+a./n.认为
consider doing考虑
24. year after year年年
25. in detail详细地