Unit 2 English around the world
Aims
To discover useful words and expressions
To discover useful structures
Procedures
Step1.Discovering useful words and expressions
1. Work in pairs. Do exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then check the answer you’re your classmates. The teacher helps the students discover the difference in prepositions.
2.Language Chunks from Unit 2 English around the world
be different from, pay a role(part) in, because of, either …or…, in/on a team, the number of/a number of, than ever before, even if, comp up to, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have one’s own identity, such as, Only time can tell, native speaker, as well as, solve a problem, believe it or not, no such a…, all over the world, at the top(bottom) of, pen friends, to this day, sum up, Pardon?, beg your pardon, go abroad, be used for, more of a …, encourage sb. to do sth., work on, feel like sth., from time to time, English-speaking countries, from one…to another, do business, on the air, would like sb. to do, make notes, fight against, keep…a secret, even though, save time(money), a form of…
Step2.Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
simple present
He said, “I go to school every day.” simple past
He said (that) he went to school every day.
simple past
He said, “I went to school every day.” past perfect
He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present perfect
He said, “I have gone to school every day.” past perfect
He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present progressive
He said, “I am going to school every day.” past progressive
He said (that) he was going to school every day.
past progressive
He said, “I was going to school every day.” perfect progressive
He said (that) he had been going to school every day,
future (will)
He said, “I will go to school every day.” would + verb name
He said (that) he would go to school every day.
future (going to)
He said, “I am going to school every day.” present progressive
He said (that) he is going to school every day.
past progressive
He said (that) he was going to school every day
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
auxiliary + verb name
He said, “Do you go to school every day?”
He said, “Where do you go to school?” simple past
He asked me if I went to school every day.*
He asked me where I went to school.
imperative
He said, “Go to school every day.” infinitive
He said to go to school every day.
simple present + simple present
He says, “I go to school every day.” simple present + simple present
He says (that) he goes to school every day.
present perfect + simple present
He has said, “I go to school every day.” present perfect + simple present
He has said (that) he goes to school every day.
past progressive + simple past
He was saying, “I went to school every day.” past progressive + simple past
He was saying (that) he went to school every day.
past progressive + past perfect
He was saying (that) he had gone to school every day.
can
He said, “I can go to school every day.” could
He said (that) he could go to school every day.
may
He said, “I may go to school every day.” might
He said (that) he might go to school every day.
might
He said, “I might go to school every day.”
must
He said, “I must go to school every day.” had to
He said (that) he had to go to school every day.
have to
He said, “I have to go to school every day.”
should
He said, “I should go to school every day.” should
He said (that) he should go to school every day.
ought to
He said, “I ought to go to school every day.” ought to
He said (that) he ought to go to school every day.
Step3.Test ourselves
Please change the direct speech into indirect speech
1. He said, “I’m going to Beijing tomorrow.
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2. “What a lovely girl!” they said.
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3. He asked, “Are you a teacher?”
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4. “This is the craziest thing I have heard of so far,” she thought.
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5. Mr Wang said, “I was born in China in September, 1972.”
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6. She said, “They had left when I arrived there.”
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7. She says, “Liu Fang is good at English.”
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8. He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.”
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9. He said, “Where there is a will, the is a way.”
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10. “ How much do you think it will cost?” he said.
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Step4.Discovering useful structures
Ⅰ.Request and command
Open your books-------------command
Please open your books.------ request (polite)
Can you open your books please? --------request (polite)
Could / would you please open you books? --------request (polite)
1. Make clear the difference between commands and requests and finish the following exercises:
1） Go and collect the wood right now.
2） Could you go and get the shopping bags, please?
3） Shut the door at once.
4） Go and get my coat.
5） Would you please get that book for me?
2. Summary
commands requests
Close the door! Please ………..
Get me something to eat! Would you please…….
Speak louder………. Could you please……
3. Change the commands into requests.
Close the door! Speak louder! Keep silent! Get me something to drink
Ⅱ.Change a command into an Indirect Speech.
told sb (not) to do sth
“Open the window,”the teacher said to the students .
---------The teacher told the students to open the window.
“Don’t open the window,” the teacher said to the students.
----------The teacher told the students not to open the window.
Ⅲ.Change a request into an Indirect Speech
ask(ed) sb (not) to do sth
“Open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students.
--------The teacher asked the students to open the window.
“Don’t open the window ,please,” the teacher said to the students
--------The teacher asked the students not to open the window.
特别提醒
– 1.祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。
– 2.谓语动词要做一定变化。
表示命令，用tell，order，command等。
表示请求，用ask，beg，request等。
表示忠告，用 advise。
Step5.Change the requests and the commands into Indirect Speeches
1.“Shut up,”she said to him.
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2.“Speak louder, please,” he said to her.
“Can you speak louder?” he asked her
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3.“Try the lift,” she said to her.
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4.“Don’t wait for me,” he said to them.
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5.“Stop wasting the time,” she said to him.
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6.“Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father.
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7.“Follow his instructions,’ she said to me.
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8.“Please could you come to the reception desk?” she asked him.
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9.“Change your dirty uniform!” he said to the clerk.
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10.“Can you lend me five yuan?” he asked me.
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11.The English teacher said to us, “Don’t speak Chinese, speak English.”
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12.She said to him, “ Don’t play a trick on me again.”
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Fun Time
It is said that there are two robots. One is called “slave robot”, who can only hear commands, the other is called “friend robot”, who can only respond to request. If you give correct requests or commands, they will do whatever you have them do.
Believe it or not! Let’s have a try!!!!!