Part One Teaching Design
第一部分 教学设计
Aims and requirements
read a TV news special transcript about Aids and a booklet about the dangers of drugs.
listen to a lecture by a doctor on the dangers of taking medicine unnecessarily
talk about incurable diseases and discuss alternatives to taking medicine
write an article giving advice and warnings about taking medicine unnecessarily
make a poster warning people of the dangers of drugs
Procedures
● Welcome to the Unit
Step 1 Brainstorming
T: We know many people die or get ill every day for various reasons. Can you name some?
S: Diseases, natural disasters, traffic accidents, environment pollution, heavy work pressure, lack of exercises and so on.
T: Well done! Among all these reasons, aids, drinking, drugs and smoking are four main killers.
Let’s look at some pictures and discuss the following questions:
1. What do you think are good habits in one’s daily life? What are bad habits?
2. What do you think good and bad habits can lead to respectively? Can you provide some examples?
3. Do you think it is very important for one to have good habits? Why or why not?
4. What do you think we can do to form some good habits?
(Divide the students into groups of four to discuss and ask them to take notes while discussing.)
For reference:
Good habits:
Putting on sunscreen when going out in sun
Drinking plenty of water
Cycling to school or walking rather than taking a bus or taxi
Getting up early and going to bed early
Eating enough vegetables and fruit
Exercising regularly
Bad habits:
Watching too much TV or staring at a computer screen for too long
Smoking
Spitting in the street
Getting up too late or staying up at night
Drinking too many fizzy drinks and eating too much deep-fried food
Not doing enough exercise
Step 2 Sharing Information
Study the four pictures one by one. You can work in group of four to choose a poster to discuss. The following questions can guide you.
What is the poster about?
What is the purpose of the picture being shown to people?
What should we do or not do to stay safe from the dangers shown in the posters?
Picture 1
This poster is about Aids. It shows a poster of people holding a big picture that is covered in handprints. I think that they choose this picture because the handprints are different colours, and this shows that Aids can affect everyone, no matter what their skin colour is or what country they are from. This tells us that Aids is an international problem that we have to work together to try and fight.
The words ‘STOP THE CHAIN OF AIDS’ can be seen on the poster. The poster encourages us to stop spreading this disease. We need to make sure that we do not become infected by Aids.
Picture 2
Everyone knows smoking causes great harm to one’s health, but many smokers just keep on smoking. This poster wants to persuade them to give up cigarettes. The human skull with a cigarette between its lips shows that the result of smoking is death.
Smoking can cause various deadly diseases, such as lung cancer, heart trouble and high blood pressure. Smoking is one of the biggest killers in the world. Although most people know the dangers of smoking, many find it very hard to stop smoking because cigarettes are so addictive.
World No tobacco Day is 31 May. 31 May 2006 is the 19th World No Tobacco Day.
The theme of this day in 2006 is ‘Tobacco: deadly in any from or disguise’
Picture 3
The warning ‘Say No to drugs!’ tells us that we must not take drugs. There are some drugs in the poster. Drug-taking is a global problem, so the whole world is paying special attention to this problem. 26 June is International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. The theme of this day in 2006 is ‘Drugs are not child’s play’. It aims to tell people that drugs are not fun and are not safe. Let’s just say no to drugs.
Picture 4
This poster shows a damaged car that has obviously been in an accident. The driver may be dead. From the words ‘Don’t drink and driver!’ we can know what caused the accident. Next to the car lies a bottle of what looks like alcohol. The driver was probably drinking alcohol before driving. In many countries, driving after drinking is the main cause of traffic accidents every year. Especially in recent years, with the raid increase in the number of cars on the road, more traffic accidents have taken place because of driving after drinking. Looking at the poster, every one of us must remember that no one should drive after drinking. We should consider both our own lives and the lives of others, and drive safely.
Step 3 Discussion
1. Why do you think people do things that are wrong and dangerous to their health and lives?
2. What do you know about Aids?
3. Can you think of some other bad habits that harm people’s health and lives?
Answers for reference:
1. I think there are a number of reasons why people do these things. The first reason is that they do not know how serious the results of their actions are. People may be curious about taking drugs and want to try something new. They may think, “I will just try this once, and I will not become addicted to it.” People may also be influenced by their idols, such as TV or pop stars. Fans may see their idols smoking, and think it is cool, so they copy their idols and smoke too. Some people just do not obey the law. For instance, no one should drive after drinking. However, some people think that they will be lucky and nothing will happen to them. Finally, some people do not have enough knowledge about how to protect themselves. Maybe they do not know that one can be infected with Aids through a blood transfusion, when the hospital has not checked for Aids, or unprotected sex.
2. I know that Aids is a deadly disease, and that there is no cure. The medicines used to treat aids are very expensive, so many people cannot afford to pay for them. For many Aids victims, there is nothing they can do. The situation is very serious around the world, especially in Africa and Asia. Africa has the highest number of HIV-positive people in the world. Some children are now being born with HIV because their mothers were infected with HIV when they were pregnant. 1st December, 2005 is the 18th World Aids Day, and its them is ‘Stop Aids. Keep the promise.’ I think we can guess from this that it aims to encourage people and governments to stick to their commitments about stopping Aids.
3. Yes. Some young people, including some university and high school students, are addicted to computer or video games. They often play these games deep into the night. Some high school students even miss school and do not do their homework in order to play these games. Some may even lie to their parents or steal money so that they can afford to pay games online. Being addicted to video games not only does harm to their health but can also ruin their future. Other bad habits include students going to school without breakfast in the morning. Some only like drinking juice or fizzy drinks, and do not want to drink fresh water when they are thirsty. Some people eat too much meat and almost no vegetables every day. These are all bad habits that harem people’s health.
Step 4. Extended information
Aids: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (获得性免疫缺陷综合症)
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus (人类免疫缺陷病毒)
World Aids Day: 1 December
Aids patients/victim: people who have Aids and are suffering from it
HIV carriers: people who are carrying the virus called HIV
Drugs:
International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking: 26 June
A drug addict: a person who cannot stop taking drugs
Since the 1980s, more and more people, especially young people, have become addicted to drugs, and illicit trafficking has spread all over the world. Facing such a serious situation, the United Nations decided to make 26 June the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. This day aims to raise people’s awareness about this serious problem and to take an active part in controlling the drug abuse and illicit trafficking. There has been a theme for this day each year from 1992, focusing on a different aspect of drugs and how to stop people using them.
Smoking:
Every year, there are about five million people who die of the illnesses caused by smoking. Today, disease caused by tobacco are a worldwide epidemic that is increasingly damaging those poorer countries and areas that can least afford its toll of death. World No Tobacco Day is committed to ending tobacco-related diseases and deaths. Its ultimate aim is for us to live in a tobacco-free would. I offers advice on how to quit smoking and how prevent young people from starting to smoke.
1990 "Childhood and Youth without Tobacco: Growing up without Tobacco"
1991 "Public Places and Transport: Better Be Tobacco-Free"
1992 "Tobacco-Free Workplaces: Safer and Healthier"
1993 "Health Services: our window to a tobacco free world"
1994 "The media and tobacco: getting the message across"
1995 "Tobacco costs more than you think"
1996 "Sport and art without tobacco: play it tobacco free"
1997 "United for a tobacco free world"
1998 "Growing up without tobacco"
1999 "Leave the pack behind"
2000 "Tobacco kills don’t be duped"
2001 "Second hand smoke kills"
2002 "Tobacco free sports"
2003 "Tobacco free fashion tobacco free films"
Step 5: Homework
1. Collect more information about Aids after class.
2. Prepare the Reading part.