Unit 1 Living with technology
Class ____________Name ____________ No. ____________
Learning goals:
Ⅰ. Goals for knowledge:
1. To read some exhibition boards about the history of television and audio devices, and an article about the dangers of mobile phones
2. To listen to information about electronic dictionaries
3. To talk about how modern electronic devices affect our lives and help buy an electronic dictionary
4. Grammar: To review the usages of some major prepositions and learn how to use prepositional phrases correctly
Ⅱ. Goals for skills and strategies:
Speaking:
1. To develop speaking ability by discussing how different electrical and electronic devices reveal great changes that have been made to them over time
2. To discuss how to ask for information by telephone
Reading: To learn how to understand subtitles
Listening: To learn a listening skill by listening for what is most important
Writing: To write an e-mail to give advice
Acting: To make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of some modern electronic devices
Ⅲ. Goals for culture and emotions:
1. To know about the history of television and audio devices
2. To learn about the way that the electronic inventions affect our lives
Self-study work
Part Ⅰ. Welcome to the unit
1. Look at the following four pictures and discuss the following questions:
1) How important are watching TV and listening to music to you?
2) How have different electronic devices changed over time?
3) How have these inventions improved people’s lives?
2. Translate the following into English:
1）手机的危害 2）电子词典
3）提建议 4）列出……的利弊
5）有着模糊的图像 6）随着时代
7）在最近数十年里，技术上的发展成就一直令人惊异不已。
8）有了手机，无论在何处，我们都可以与别人保持联系。
Part Ⅱ. Reading
1. Skimming: go through the text as quickly as possible and answer the following questions
1) When did regular public TV broadcasting begin around the world?
2) What is WebTV?
3) What was invented in 1954?
2. Scanning: read the text again carefully and try to find out some detailed information
Complete Parts C1and C2 on page 4, and make sure that you can distinguish and pick out the relevant information within the given time.
3. Reading strategy: understanding subtitles
Subtitles appear after titles and provide more information about the text. Subtitles can show how a text is organized. Read the text again and figure out how this text is organized. The following chart might help you understand the text better:
Early history of TV
TV
(In order of time) The modern age: TV, TV, TV, …
Early history of
Audio devices Tape recorders and
(By types of equipment) Sound goes
4. Translate the following into English:
1) 在传媒与技术展览会上 2) 电视和音响器件
3) 之后不久 4) 对电视的发展做出了贡献
5) 有线电视 6) 认为数字电视优于卫星电视
7) 能接收到200个频道_________________ 8) 进入市场，上市
9) 一位侨居美国的德国人_______________ 10) 将该技术用于生产晶体管收音机
11) 控制电流__________________________ 12) 为了军事用途
13) 用手摇 14) 被加入词典
15) 有史以来第一次 16) 便于携带
17) 自1999年初以来___________________ 18）占领了便携式音乐播放器市场
19）从200个不同的频道中 20）给人们的生活带来了便利和快乐
21) 正因为此，至今还未能确定是谁发明了电视。
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22) 66%的美国家庭拥有有线电视是50年后的事。
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23) 这个机顶盒将电视和万维网连接起来。
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24) 一切始于1877年，这一年托马斯．爱迪生第一次录下了人的声音。
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25) 由于MP3播放器的普及，在互联网上如雨后春笋般出现了许多提供MP3音乐供人们选购的音乐网站。
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5. Language points:
1. Because of this, it is still uncertain who invented TV.
正因为此，至今还未确定是谁发明了电视。
句中because of this 作原因状语，it作形式主语，who 引导的是主语从句。
(1) because of 意为“由于，因为”，通常作状语，位于句首或句尾。
因为大雨，运动会将被推迟到下周六举行。
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表示原因的介词短语还有due to, owing to, thanks to。
辨析：due to 意为“由于”，常用在be动词之后。
because of 指原因，意为“因为”，用以指出理由。
thanks to 既可表达正面意义（亏得，多亏，幸亏），又可表示讽刺意义。
owing to 意为“由于，应归功于”
他的病是由吸烟和饮酒造成的。
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(2) “it is uncertain +从句”结构中，uncertain 是certain的反义词，意为“不确定，无把握”。注意：在it为主语的句中能用certainuncertain，但不能用sure。当以人作主语时，可与be sure…互换。
他不一定明天会来。
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我肯定他明天会来。
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2. It took more than two decades, though, until 1951, for colour broadcasts to begin in the USA.
但是，直到1951年，花了20多年时间，彩色电视节目才得以在美国开播。
(1) more than的用法：
△本意为“比……更……”，more为形容词或副词的比较级形式。
△与数词连用，意为“超过”，相当于over。
不止一所房子在火灾中被烧毁了。
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△后接名词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词或分词时，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。
他们非常愿意帮忙。
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△与含有情态动词的句子连用，有否定意义，意为“是……难以……的”或“超过了……的所能”。
△more…than…相当于rather than，表示取舍，意为“与其说后者，不如说前者”，这时more…than…连接两个对等的成分。
这本书与其说是一本语法书，倒不如说是一本词典。
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辨析：
no more than no more…than… 和……一样不……
not more than not more…than… 没有……那样……
more than ever 更加 more than a little 非常
more often than not 通常 nothing more than 和……完全一样
(2) though 在句中作副词，表“可是，但是”，可位于句中或句末。
他说过他要来，可是他没有来。
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though 也可作连词，引导状语从句，表“虽然”。有时为了强调，though引导的从句可以倒装，相当于as引导的让步状语从句。
Child though (=as) he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
他虽是个孩子，却懂得什么是该做的事。（表语是名词，倒装时，不用冠词）
注意：though 绝不能与表示转折的连词but连用。如果要强调反面，可用yet, still, nevertheless等副词。
水虽深，却清澈见底。
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3. Some consider digital TV to be superior to satellite TV because it allows the same services to be delivered with clearer pictures than before.
有些人认为数字电视比卫星电视好，因为传输同样的图像时数字电视的画面要比以前更为清晰。
(1) sb./sth. + to be + n./ adj.
consider sb./sth. + as +n./ adj.
+ that从句
辨析：considerate (adj.) 体贴的，考虑周到的
considerable (adj.) 相当多的，相当大的
consideration (n.) 考虑；体贴；报酬 take sth. into consideration把某事考虑在内
under consideration 在考虑中
considering (prep. & conj.) 考虑到，就……而言
(2) superior作形容词时，表“高级的；高傲的；优越的；上级的”，短语be superior to…意为“比……好”、“比……强”。其反义词组为be inferior to…意为“低于/次于……”。
在我看来，手工制作的裤子要比机器加工的裤子好。
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另外，superior还可作名词，意为“上级”、“长者”、“地位/智力较高的人”等。
我们需要一封你们领导写的推荐信。
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4. They bought the patent and applied the technology to create the transistor radio.
他们买下了这项专利，并把这项技术应用于发明晶体管收音机。
句中动词apply意为“应用”，短语apply…to…意为“把……应用于……”。
这项研究成果将应用于肺癌的治疗。
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另外，apply还可表“申请”、“请求”（apply to sb. for sth.“向某人申请某物”）；“使努力使专心”的意思（apply oneself to…“致力于……”）。
我将去那家公司申请那份工作。
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他干新工作很卖力。
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applied (adj.) 应用的，实用的 application (n.) 应用；适用；申请
5. Then, in 1979, the Walkman, a portable pocket-sized cassette tape player, was introduced and became so popular that Walkman was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 1986.
然后在1979年，一种便携式只有口袋尺寸大小的盒带播放器，即随身听（Walkman）被引进，并且变得如此受欢迎，以致于“Walkman”一词在1986年被收入《牛津英语词典》。
(1)本句主语为the Walkman，而a portable pocket-sized cassette tape player作其同位语。so…that…意为“如此……以致……”，so 之后接形容词、副词或分词；that引导结果状语从句，在日常用语中常可省略that。
太阳上的温度很高，没有任何东西能以固体的形式存在。
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(2) 辨析：add to… 增加…… add…to… 把……加到……上
add up 加在一起 add up to… 总计……；加起来总和是……
There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
Part Ⅲ. Word power
Please translate the following into English:
1）在三楼工作 2）部门经理
3）电子产品__________________________ 4）家用电器
5）音响器件 6）摄像机
7）数码照相机 8）移动电话，手机
9）（冰箱的）冷冻区 10）电饭锅
11）微波炉 12）电炒锅
13）吸尘器 14) 拍摄长达三分钟
15）相当容易的
Part Ⅳ. Grammar and usage---Prepositions and prepositional phrases
（一）介词的分类
1. 简单介词：at, by, for, from, in, of, on, to, with
2. 复合介词：into, onto, within, out of
3. 双重介词：from under, since before, until after
4. 短语介词：in front of, because of, ahead of, according to
注意：有的介词可以兼作副词（如：around, over等），有的介词可以兼作连接词（如：after, before, until等）。
（二）介词短语在句中的作用
介词往往和后面的宾语一起构成介词短语来充当以下成分：
1. 定语 The key to the door is still here.
2. 状语 The book is very popular with old people.
3. 表语 Japan is to the east of China.
4. 宾补 Make yourself at home.
（三）易混介词
1. at, in, on和by表示时间的区别
1) at指时间时用于表示：
*时间的一点，时刻等。
They come home at sunrise (at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn).
*较短暂的一段时间，可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。
He went home at Christmas (at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night).
2) in 指时间时用于表示：
*在某个较长的时间（如世纪、朝代、年、月、及泛指的上午、下午和傍晚等）内。
He was born in 1993.
What did you do in the holidays?
*在一段时间之后（常与动词将来时连用）。
I will finish it in three hours.
3) on指时间时用于表示：
*具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。
We began to work on our arrival.
*在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。
on the eve of victory 在胜利前夕
*准（时）、按（时）。
If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.
4) by指时间时用于表示：
*不迟于，在（某时）前。
He must have finished it by now.
*在……间，在……时候。
He worked by day and slept by night.
2. at, in和on表示地点的区别
1) at表示地点：
*用于指较小的地方。I shall wait for you at the station.
*用于门牌号码前。He lives at 115 Jijiang Road.
2) in表示地点：
*用于指较大的地方。He lives in Shanghai.
*虽是很小的地方，如果说话人住在那里，也可用in。商店、机关、学校等，若看作一个地点（point）用at，若看作一个场所（place）用in。比较：
I met him at the post-office.
I’m now working in the post-office.
3) on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触：
*意为“在……上”。The picture was hanging on the wall.
*意为“在……旁边”。New York is on the Hudson River.
3. in, to和on在方位名词前的区别
1) in表示在范围内
2) to表示在某范围外的地方
3) on表示“毗邻”、“接壤”
Mongolia lies the north of China.
Fujian lies the south of China. Fujian lies the south of Zhejiang Province.
4.表示方向的to, for与toward(s)
1)表示来往行动动词之后，表示行动的方向，常用to。如：
go, come, walk, run, dash, rush, move, fly, return, lead, take
2)表示“起程”、“出发”、“离开”的动词之后，多用for。如：leave, start, set off
3)如果动词之后有“from…to…”这样的短语,即使是第2)类动词，也不用for。如：
A new ship set off from England to America on its first trip.
4)在表示“朝……方向”时to与towards是同义词，常可互换。只是 towards仅仅表方向，不表到达，而to不仅表方向，还可表到达。
All roads lead to Rome.
It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south.
（四）介词与某些词类的搭配
某些词类对介词有不同的要求，即要求有固定的介词与其搭配，构成固定用法。
1. 名词与介词的固定搭配常见的有：
1)要求to的名词：key, answer, visit, apology, introduction (the key to the test, business visits to America)
2)要求in的名词：interest, satisfaction, expert (an expert in teaching small children)
3)要求on的名词：mercy, congratulation
4)要求其它介词的名词：prize for, respect for, victory over, struggle withagainst
5)注意：汉语“的”在英语中可以用多个介词来表达。如：
a friend of mine (of表“属于”) a ticket for tonight (for表“给……用”)
a story about Lei Feng (about表“关于”) a key to the door (to表“对于”)
a lecture on American history (on表“论述”)
2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配常见的有：
1)要求at的形容词：afraid, angry, good, bad, clever, terrified, surprised
2)要求of的形容词：afraid, sure, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy, certain
3)要求with的形容词：angry, strict, careful, busy, popular
4)要求in的形容词：weak, strict, rich, interested, successful
5)要求to的形容词：next, good, polite, kind, cruel, rude, known, married, close, near, similar, due
6)要求for的形容词：sorry, good, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious, hungry
7)要求from的形容词：far, different, free, safe, absent, tired
8)要求about的形容词：sorry, worried, anxious, careful, sure, certain
9)注意：有时同一形容词与不同的介词搭配含义也不同。如：
He is good to her. 他对她友好。
It is good for her. 它对她有益。
PartⅤ. Task and project
Please translate the following into English:
1)主要的考虑________________________ 2)首先，最重要的是
3)特别，尤其 4)额外的功能
5)最适合你叔叔 6)有一个内置的扬声器
7)有一年的保修期____________________ 8)取决于
9)弄糊涂了 10)推荐第一款
11)正反两反面_______________________ 12)无所顾忌
13)在此之前 14)与吸烟有关
15)信任他们 16)眼下，暂时
17)未完全发育 18)危害你的健康
19)向我们提供了一些令人不安的发现
20)换句话说,带拍照功能的那一款的价钱是老款的两倍。
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21)该报告是基于一项在瑞典进行的研究的发现写成的。
________________________________________________________________________________________________22)辐射量相当于每天使用两次、每次半小时的手机所接受的辐射。
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23)为什么到现在还没有确凿的证据证明手机对人们健康有影响呢？
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Part VI. Word study
1. record
vt. vi. 记载，记录；将（声音，景象等）录下
He recorded everything that happened on his travel.
她的演讲录在录音带上了。
recordbreaker n.打破记录者 record player n.电唱机 recorder n.录音机 recording n. 录音（制品）
n. [c] [u] 记录，记载（与of连用）；履历，经历；成绩；唱片
His wife keeps a record of their daily expenses.
她保持着100米的世界记录。
break/ beat the record打破记录 hold the record保持记录
set up the record创记录 keep a record of sth.把某事记录下来
make a record制作唱片 the records of one’s life
a music record on record
2. demand
vt. 要求，需要
教师的工作需要极大的细心和耐心。
n. [c] [u]要求，需要
in great demand of… make demand on sb.向某人求助
满足……的要求
demanding adj. （对人）苛刻的，要求高的
注意：
(1) demand后的从句要用(should)+do的虚拟语气。
老师要求我们下课后交上作业。
(2) demand后接动词不定式，即demand to do sth.（但不能接不定式的复合结构，如需类似表述，则用宾语从句），不接动名词。
The captain came down and demanded to know what was going on.
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(3) 其后接名词作宾语时，结构应为：demand sth. of from sb.
I demanded an answer of from him.
(4) demand作名词时，后面接for。
There is a great demand for the books.
但demand用在介词短语中就应用of。in great demand of…
我们非常需要书本。
3.degree
n. 等级；程度；度数；学位
an angle of ninety degrees
To what degree is she interested in films?
The students show various degrees of skill in doing the experiments.
今天气温比昨天高2度。
他通过了考试，现在他有了硕士学位。
4. 辨析：electronic, electric, electrical, electricity
(1) electronic adj. 电子的
电子计算机 electronic organ
电子设备
(2) electric adj. 电的，带电的，电力的（用于两种情况：一是指可发电的东西；二是指靠电力操作或由电力产生的东西。）
一个发电站 an electric wire
电灯 an electric fan
(3) electrical adj. 电的，电气科学的（指与电力有关的物品或人员）
electrical engineering 一位电气工程师
electricity n. [u] 电，电学，电流，静电，电荷，热情
电源已被切断好几天了。
5. certain
adj. (1) [作表语] 确定的，无疑的，确信的
be certain to do…; be certain (that…); be certain of/ about sth.
他一定会同意的。
I’m certain that she saw me.
(2) [作定语] 一定来到，发生或生效的，有把握的
There’s no certain care for this disease.
(3) [作定语] 某一，某种；某些，一点
一个姓史密斯的
她对我的态度有点冷淡。
pron. certain of… （人或物中的）某些
Certain of those peasants had too much to drink.
for certain 无疑地，确定地
我说不准他什么时候到。
make certain (that…) 弄清楚，弄明白
make certain of sth./ of doing sth. 采取行动以便正确有把握地做事
辨析：certain和sure
两者用法通常相同。
They’re sure/ certain to be late.
I’m sure/ certain (that) they will be late.
另外，sure+ that 句型中主语必须是人，通常不说It is sure that…，可用It is certain that…。
肯定会有一些错误发生。
be certain/ sure to do…, 其主语可以是人或物，表示说话人推测“一定，必然会”，重点是“将要发生什么事”；be certain/ sure of…, 主语一般是人，主语感到有把握，重点是“某个人的思想状态”。
这支队肯定要赢。
First, he was certain/ sure of winning. Later, he began to lose confidence.
Part VII. Exercises
A. 单项选择：
1. It was some time we realized the truth.
A. when B. until C. since D. before
2. They had a pleasant chat a cup of tea.
A. for B. with C. during D. over
3. The manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making
4. If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
5. Energy drinks are not allowed in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making
6. I haven’t seen of her films, but judging from the one I have seen I think she’s a promising actress.
A. any B. both C. none D. either
7. Nothing else more important than water in the place like a desert.
A. we can’t find B. can’t we find C. can we find D. we can find
8. About 700 people crowded in Houston, waving flags and holding signs, “Welcome Home, Astronauts!” when Discovery’s astronauts arrived for a celebration.
A. to read B. being read C. reading D. to be read
9. －Have you known the result of the Chinese team at Singapore Open Badminton Tournament?
－It three titles, I remember clearly.
A. would win B. had won C. will win D. won
10. －Jim, have you finished reading Harry Potter and Half-Blood Prince?
－No. I my father on the farm all day yesterday.
A. would help B. had helped C. was helping D. have been helping
11. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help there is human suffering.
A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever
12. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
13. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
14. It remains whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.
A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
15. －When do we need to pay the balance?
－ September 30.
A. In B. By C. During D. Within
16. According to official survey conducted by a committee, large ice cream producers usually
have better production record.
A. an; the B. /; a C. an; a D. the; the
17. It is difficult for any of us to eat better, exercise more, and sleep enough, we know we should.
A. because B. even though C. as if D. unless
18. －Do you have any blouses in yellow?
－Sorry, we don’t. What about this cream color?
－It well with almost anything.
A. goes B. puts C. does D. gets
19. It is that he’ll come tomorrow.
A. sure of B. certain about C. certain D. sure about
20. I felt quite what I was supposed to do then.
A. unsure of B. uncertain about C. certain D. sure
21. Only high officials had access the president.
A. to B. for C. on D. in
22. They drove along with all the car windows .
A. wound up B. winding on C. winded up D. wind up
23. Scientific experiments students without the teacher’s instructions can be dangerous.
A. carry out B. carrying out by C. carrying by D. carried out by
24. Please apply some medicine his wound.
A. on B. for C. to D. in
25. The accident is reported to have occurred the first Sunday in February.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
B. 用恰当的介词填空：
1. His knowledge of French literature is superior mine.
2. For the whole summer, the college student worked a shop-assistant.
3. The newly constructed buildings add greatly the beauty of this city.
4. The youth are always compared the rising sun.
5. The man is dressed up red clothes.
C. 单词拼写：
1. P , I don’t like him at all.
2. I am not very f with botanical names.
3. He left for a v of reasons.
4. Big men are not （必定）strong men.
5. I keep my reference books near my desk for （方便）.
模块七 Unit 1 Living with technology 学案参考答案
Language points
1. The sports meeting will be put off till next Saturday because of the heavy rain.
His illness was due to smoking and drinking.
It is uncertain whether he’ll come tomorrow.
I’m sure/ certain that he’ll come tomorrow.
2. More than one house has been burnt in the fire.
They were more than glad to help.
The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar book.
仅仅，不过 不超过
He said he would come; he didn’t though.
Though the water is deep, yet it is clear.
3. In my opinion, trousers made by hand are superior to those made by machine.
We will need a letter of recommendation from one of your superiors.
4. The results of this research will be applied to the treatment of lung cancer.
I will apply to the company for the job.
He applied himself to his new job.
5. The temperature in the sun is so high that nothing can exist in solid state.
D
Word study
1. 他把旅途中发生的每件事都记录了下来。
Her speech was recorded on a tape.
他妻子将日常开销都记录下来。
She holds the world record for the 100 meters.
某人生活的纪录 音乐唱片 有纪录的，记录在案的
2. The work of a teacher demands great care and patience.
非常需要…… meet the demand of…
The teacher demanded that we (should) hand in our homework after class.
船长下来要求知道发生了什么事。
非常需要书本。
We are in great demand of the books.
3．90度的角
她对电影的兴趣都到什么程度了？
学生们做实验时表现出各种不同程度的技巧。
The temperature today is two degrees hotter than yesterday.
He passed his examinations and now he has the degree of Master.
4. an electronic computer 电子琴 electronic equipment
an electric station 电线 an electric light 电风扇
电工学 an electrical engineer
The electricity has been cut off for several days.
5. He is certain to agree.
她看见我了，这一点我是可以肯定的。
这种病没有特效药。
a certain Smith
There was a certain coldness in her attitude towards me.
I couldn’t say for certain when he will arrive.
他们一定迟到。 我肯定他们得迟到。
It is certain that some mistakes will occur.
The team are sure/ certain to win.
开始他有把握赢的，后来他开始失去信心了。
Exercises
(A)1-5 DDBDB 6-10 BCCDC 11-15 DDBBB 16-20 CBACB 21-25 AADCB
(B) to as to to in
(C) Personally familiar variety necessarily convenience