初高中教材衔接--英语句子成分(译林牛津版高考复习英语选修七学案设计)

发布时间:2016-8-6 编辑:互联网 手机版

课 题 初高中英语衔接1 :句子的基本成分和结构 课 时 1

课 型 新授课 主备人 钟义铭

教学目标 1

2.

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教学难点

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教学日期 教学班级

教 学 过 程 复备

句子是写作的基本单位,只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种:主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律,掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配,就能写出完整、正确的句子。

一、 英语的句子成分:

一) 主语:

Walls have ears. ( )

He will take you to the hospital. ( )

Three plus four equals seven. ( )

To see is to believe. ( )

Smoking is not allowed in public places. ( )

Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. ( )

二)谓语动词由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。

Action speaks louder than words.

The chance may never come again.

Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.

三)表语 它的位置在__________之后。是用来说明主语的________,_______, ________的.

My father is a professor. ( )

Who's that? It's me. ( )

Everything here is expensive. ( )

The match became very exciting.( )

The story of my life may be of help to others.( )

Three times five is fifteen. ( )

His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )

My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( )

(四)宾语 表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词后也会跟宾语。

She covered her face with her hands.( )

We haven't seen her for a long time. ( )

Do you mind opening the window? ( )

Give me four please. ( )

He wants to dream a nice dream. ( )

We need to know what others are doing. ( )

We should care more about our friends. ( )

(五)定语 是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____;短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。

They are woman workers. ( )

Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. ( )

Mary is a beautiful girl.. ( )

The play has three acts. ( )

This is her first trip to Europe. ( )

China is a developing country. ( )

I have nothing to eat. ( )

Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. ( )

六)状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。

The best fish swim near the bottom. ( )

I left the village five years ago. ( )

I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( )

We'll send a car to fetch you. ( )

The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( )

The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( )

If he goes, so will I . ( )

Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( )

七)宾语补足语

英语有些及物动词,除了要有宾语之外,还要加上宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成___________。

They elected me captain of the team. ( )

We try to make our country strong. ( )

We found everything in good order there. ( )

I should advise you to get the chance. ( )

I saw him going upstairs. ( )

八)主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态,原宾语成为主语,原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语

I was elected captain of the team.

Our country will be made strong.

二、简单句的五种基本句型

1.主语 + 系动词 + 表语

1)Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.

主语 系动词 表语

2)The city will become rich.

主语 系动词 表语

在这类结构中最常用的系动词是:

“变化”类:______________________________________________.

“感官”类: ______________________________________________.

“持续”类:___________________________________________.

其他:(似乎)________ _______ (证明是)_________

你的故事听起来很有趣。____________________________________.

把鱼放在冰箱里,否则它会变坏的。

___________________________________________________________.

这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。

_____________________________________________________________.

这个计划证明是可行的。

________________________________________________________.

2.主语 + 谓语

1)Building has started.

主语 谓语

2)The train leaves at 7:40.

主语 谓语

______搭配:The teacher teaches well.

The child walks very slowly.

_____搭配:The girl looked at the picture.

The children ran to the forest.

我每天起的很早,走到小花园,坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱,鱼儿在池塘里自由的嬉戏,我玩得也高兴.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________.

3.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

1)The boss employed five more workers.

主语 谓语 宾语

2)My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.

3)Few students like taking exams.

4)He forgot to close the door.

5)I hope I can speak English fluently.

他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。

_______________________________________________________________.

他拿出一瓶啤酒,很快将其喝光。

_______________________________________________________________.

他许诺给我一个礼物。

______________________________________________________________.

4.主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

1)He has fetched us some new textbooks.

主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语

2)Grandma cooked us a nice meal.

主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语

3)The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.

4)The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.

可接双宾语的常见动词有:ask, answer, give, offer, send, bring, pass, tell, show, teach, promise

1.顺便问一下,她把钱付给你了吗?

______________________________________________________.

2.下学期谁教你们生物?

_______________________________________________________.

3.Mr. White告诉我为什么他要出国。

_________________________________________________________.

5.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语

1)The villagers didn’t allow them to do this.

主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语

2)I will keep the box in the shade.

3)We found him a very good pupil.

4)She let me stay in the company.

5)We kept the room clean.

6)We heard the girl singing the song.

7)He gad his hair cut short.

该句型中的“宾语 + 宾语补足语”又叫做“__________”

他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。

_______________________________________________________.

我建议他多读点书。

________________________________________________________.

他修了机器。

___________________________________________.

我们选他当班长。

___________________________________________________.

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