1. 本单元词汇的掌握。
2. 一些重要单词与短语的用法。
3. 本单元难点句的理解。
知识总结与归纳
（一）本单元词汇的掌握：
本单元词汇众多，除了短语以外，有大部分词汇可以运用学过的构词知识和在语境中通过上下文内容的判断来掌握。
1. 构词：词根，前缀以及后缀。
inspiration（inspire） biologist（biology; biological）
boundary（bound） promising（promise）
disable（able） misunderstand（understand）
scientific（science; scientist） observe（observation）
unhappiness（un-happiness-happy ） microscope（micro-scope; tele-scope）
geographer（geography） incurable（in-curable; cure）
2. 合成词：
undertake; radioactivity; wheelchair
3. 通过读音和分解的方式记忆下面的单词：
obvious; curious; agriculture; exploration; intelligent patient
4. 通过上下文理解词义：
（1）Thomas Edison said, “Genius（灵感）is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
（2）The students are going to debate which branch of science is the most important and useful to society.
（3）The Senate will debate the subject of tax increases.
（4）After a long debate, the committee all voted to close the factory which polluted the city seriously.
（5）Scan the text to answer the following questions.
（6）I scanned the newspaper while I waited for the train.
（7）she scanned the list of names to see whether hers was on it.
（8）Since then, Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe.
（9）The travelers are seeking shelter from the rain.
（10）The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
（11）Scientists predict that environment pollution will increase in the next ten years. They warn that if we do not take measures to solve the problem, we will ruin our planet.
（12）The police let the man go after they found out that his DNA did not match the DNA they had got from the crime scene.
（二）一些重要单词与短语的用法：
1. match：比赛，对手；和……相配，和……相一致, 使……和……相称。
The scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
I’m no match for her when it comes to arithmetic.
He was good at tennis, but he met his match when he played the champion.
His latest film doesn’t match his previous ones.
He is doing his best to match his spending to his income.
2. be / get engaged to sb. ：与……订婚
In fact, things were going rather well for me and I had got engaged to a very nice girl, Jane Wilde. But in order to get married, I needed a job…..
注意另一个短语：be engaged in/ on…：忙与做……=be busy with/ doing…
-Can you come on Monday ? -No, I’m engaged.
Come on Monday evening if you are not otherwise engaged.
Sorry, the line is engaged.
3. turn out：结果是；证明是；原来是
Scientists, on the other hand, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.
It’s turned out to be nice and sunny again.
To my surprise the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my father.
注意辨别以turn为核心的其他短语：turn up; turn down; turn off; turn on; turn over; turn to；turn against
4. use up ：用完，用尽。
The couple used up all their money to seek their 5-year-old son, who was lost six months ago.
另一个表达“用尽”的短语：
give out：Our supply of oil is giving out.
My strength gave out.
注意辨别以use为核心的其他短语：make use of; used to do; be/get used to sth/doing sth.
5. be satisfied with：对……感到满意。类似的短语还有：be pleased with… / be content with
6. what if：倘使……将会怎样，即使……又有什么要紧。
By asking why, how, and what if, curious minds find new ideas and solutions.
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter?
What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it will look better?
（三）本单元中阅读材料难点句的理解：
1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.
分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑。
2. There did not seem much point in working on my PHD- I did not expect to survive that long.
取得博士学位对我来说没有什么意义，我没有期望活得那么久。
（1）句型：There is no point in doing sth. 做……没有意义。
There is very little point in protesting. It won’t help much.
（2）that在这里相当于so：那么。
3. Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of.
他也没有让这种疾病阻止他过自己一直梦想的生活。
（1）这是一个有Nor开头的倒装句结构。正常语序是：He didn’t let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of, either.
否定副词neither, nor, not, not until 等开头的句子常用倒装句语序。
He is not familiar with the town. Nor is he interested in the custom here.
（2）he had always dreamt of. 作为定语从句修饰先行词life
（3）注意句中两个短语： stop somebody from doing something. Dream of doing sth.
4. People laughed at Zhang Heng when he first introduced his seismograph, and it was only later that the world recognized his greatness.
当初张衡发明出他的地动仪时，人们都在嘲笑他，只有后来全世界才意识到他的伟大。
后半句是强调句型，强调only later.
5. Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.
每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣，只有发现自己的特长我们才能期望自己的目标实现，作到真正的与众不同。
后半句又是一个由only 开始的倒装句。
Only then did I realize its importance.
Only in this way can you make progress in your English study.
（四）学习建议：
进入高中二年级的英语学习后，希望大家不要把精力过多得投入到语法学习中。应运用各种方法掌握好教材中的词汇，短语。同时注意多在阅读上下工夫。扩大阅读量。最重要的是以每个单元的阅读材料为依据，精度课文，了解课文的写作结构，作者的思想。
学会欣赏某些课文中的英语美感。对于语法知识，不要扣的太深，太怪。重要的是掌握基本句型结构，达到理解含有相关语法结构的复杂句子，能够用所学的语法结构造句。
做题时，首要的是准确理解题干的语境。
【典型例题】
一. 单项选择
1. -I’m worn out. Shall I stop now ?
-There is not a moment to lose. Go on _____, please.
A. to work B. working C. work D. to working
分析：由下一句There is not a moment to lose.可知，后面要说“继续工作”即：go on doing 或go on with sth. 而go on to work：接着做另一件事。
答案：B
2. Who will _____ responsibility for this work ?
A. undertake B. conduct C. perform D. complete
分析：undertake responsibility for sth.：承担对某事的责任。
答案：A
3. The House of Representatives _____ the proposal for three days.
A. quarreled B. argued C. talked D. debated
分析：议会争论这项议案有三天了。Debate是及物动词。前三项答案是不及物动词。
答案：D
4. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ___ very good.
A. went on B. tried out C. turned out D. carried on
分析：turn out very good：结果却很好。
答案：C
5. The girl was wearing a dress with a hat and gloves to ___.
A. agree B. fit C. suit D. match
分析：女孩穿着一条裙子，带着一顶帽子和与之相配的手套。Match ：与……相配。
答案：D
二. 翻译句子
1. 公司的总部在美国，但它在世界各地都有分支。
2. 这顶帽子和这件毛衣十分相称。
3. Tom 和Mary订婚了，他们是在火车上认识的。
4. 时间过得真快，转眼我们就要结束暑假生活了。
答案：
1. The company’s head office is in the USA, but it has many branches all over the world.
2. The hat and the sweater are perfectly matched.
3. Tom got engaged to Mary, whom he had met on the train.
4. Time went by so quickly. We are already at the end of our summer holiday life.
【模拟试题】
一. 单项选择
1. The scientist _____ that there would be a rainstorm the next week, and it did happen.
A. predicted B. various C. observed D. debated
2. _____ we move the picture over there? Do you think it’ll look better ?
A. What if B. What about C. As long as D. Until
3. Her dream _____ China has come true at last with the help of her grandfather.
A. to visit B. in visiting C. visiting D. of visiting
4. I’ve visited a lot of places and stayed in lots of different hotels, but none of them ____ this one.
A. makes B. beats C. compares D. matches
5. All the money he had had been _____, so he had to make a living by begging.
A. used up B. taken up C. stayed up D. brought up
6. As time _____, the theory proved correct.
A. went by B. went away C. got through D. made up
7. I’m _____ the guidebook, looking for information about Guangxi, where I’ll travel.
A. looking B. scanning C. seeking D. arguing
8. There is no point _____ further. It won’t be help much.
A. on explaining B. to explain C. of explaining D. in explaining
9. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home.
A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize
10. You would think that John would have been the courageous one and Janet the timid one, but it was just _____.
A. another way B. the another way round
C. the other way around D. other way round
二. 完型填空
The little train came to a stop at our station and we got out, very glad to be so near home at last. The __1_ part of the journey from London had been quite comfortable; __2__ when we had changed into the little train, we were, already tired and dirty, and the __3__ run, with its frequent stops at unimportant villages, had only made us __4_ tired and dirty.
There was a carriage __5__ for us at the station, __6__ by two black horses. As soon as we and our bags __7_ in, the driver waved his whip and we set off through the snowy forest. Even __8__ the forest it was growing dark: it was the __9_ day of the year, and the sky was _10_ with clouds. Among the trees it seemed as if it was in the middle of a moonless night, the oil lamps on our carriage _11_ just enough light for the driver to _12__ his way and for us to be able to _13_ that we were driving between thick walls of trees.
After _14_ seemed like two hours to us（but was actually only an hour）, at last we _15_ my friends house. First we saw a row of lights _16_ came from the windows, and then we were suddenly at the door, _17_ about half a dozen children _18_ all ages shouting and asking questions __19__ together. As we were getting out of the carriage, a fine old lady with white hair came out, _20_ I recognized without difficulty as my friend’s mother.
1. A. first B. next C. one D. other
2. A. because B. however C. so D. but
3. A. rapidly B. fast C. thirsty D. slow
4. A. even B. less C. more D. much
5. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
6. A. pulled B. pulling C. pushed D. pushing
7. A. stepped B. arrived C. already D. were
8. A. in B. near C. outside D. out
9. A. hottest B. longest C. happy D. shortest
10. A. covered B. hidden C. closed D. full
11. A. sent B. gave C. did D. made
12. A. take B. look C. feel D. see
13. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk
14. A. it B. what C. might D. having
15. A. got B. reached C. visited D. observed
16. A. brightly B. shining C. which D. straight
17. A. with B. and C. seeing D. meeting
18. A. at B. in C. about D. of
19. A. every B. each C. all D. put
20. A. whom B. such C. which D. so
三. 阅读理解
A
Everywhere there are plenty of pubs, in which people play darts, talk and drink, usually while standing up. Every pub has its names, its sign and its regulars, its customers who turn up night after night. A few old pubs have real character but many are dull and ugly. It seems that the English think it rather indecent（不象样的）for people to drink alcoholic drinks in any place where they can be seen from outside. So pubs usually not only have no tables outside, but are so built that it is impossible for people outside to see in, or for those who are inside to see out. There are exceptions to this, but not many. Pubs are meeting places for working men after the evening meal. With pint glasses filled with beer-in Scotland the national drink is whisky –they argue about football, the races, cars…The traditional pub was a place for the men only. But things have changed, and more and more pubs are now places where men and women sit at tables, and they often provide good lunches. Most of them have a public bar, where drinks are slightly cheaper, and a saloon bar, which middle-class people usually prefer because it is more comfortable and less crowded.
1. This passage mainly tells us about _____.
A. drinking habits of the English. B. poor conditions in pubs.
C. what pubs are like in the UK. D. why pubs are special for men.
2. We can infer from the text that _____.
A. many of the pubs are of no character.
B. you can often see people drinking outside the pubs.
C. you can easily see people inside the pubs from outside.
D. people inside the pubs can see what’s happening outside.
3. The underlined word “regular” in the text refers to _____.
A. rules in the pub. B. people who often go to the same pub.
C. people who have real characters. D. dull and ugly pubs.
4. People go to the pubs mainly because of their _____.
A. whisky B. meals C. surroundings. D. atmosphere
5. Traditional pubs are often the places _____.
A. for men and women.
B. for men after evening meal to drink and argue about the sports.
C. which have a public bar and salon bar and provide lunch and dinner.
D. which are mainly popular with high-class people.
B
“In the old days,” as one wife said. “The husband was the husband and the wife was the wife.” In the past husbands each had their own way of going on. The wives’ jobs were to look after them.
“The wives wouldn’t stand for it nowadays. Husband help with the children now. They stay more, as well as have more interest, at home.” We shall give some examples of what husbands do, firstly in sharing work with their wives; and secondly, in their largely independent domain（领域） of house repairs.
“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” Mr. Hammond washes up the dishes every night and lays the breakfast for the morning. Mr. Clark said that on Sunday mornings he usually hovered（吸尘）around and read plays aloud for his wife while she did a bit of washing. Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks. So it goes on….
6. The expression “act as assistants to their wives” means that _____.
A. husband read plays aloud.
B. husband are paid by their wives.
C. husband help their wives.
D. husband look after their sick children.
7. the meaning of the wife’s words at the beginning of the passage were that _____.
A. in the past men stayed at home all day.
B. in the past there was a clear division of role in the family.
C. in the past most boys and girls were married at an early age.
D. in the past wives and husbands lived separately.
8. What does Mr. Davis do at weekends ?
A. He cleans the floors and makes the beds.
B. He reads plays aloud and does the weekly shopping.
C. He cooks food for his wife.
D. He takes the dog out for a walk.
9. In the past, the woman’s main job was to _____.
A. take the children to school.
B. take care of their husband.
C. do the washing up.
D. dig the garden.
10. The passage is mainly about_____.
A. the division of husbands, wives and children.
B. how to get on well between husbands and wives.
C. the relationship between husband, wives and children.
D. the relationship between husband and wives today.
【试题答案】
一. 单项选择
1. A 科学家预测下周将有暴雨。
2. A 我们把这幅画挪到那边去怎么样？ What if….? 做……会怎么样？
3. D 她到中国来的梦想。Dream of doing：做某事的梦想。
4. D 没有一家旅馆能和这一家相媲美。Match：与……相配。
5. A 他身上所有的钱都已经花光了。Use up：用完，耗尽。Take up：占据；stay up：
熬夜；bring up：教育，抚养。
6. A 随着时间的流逝。Go by：走过，过去；get through：接通，克服；make up：组成。
7. B 我正在浏览旅游手册。
8. D 进一步解释是没有意义了。There is no point in doing sth. 做…没有意义。
9. C 直到上课了他才意识到书落在家里了。Only+时间状语在句首后面接倒装句语序。
10. C 事实正相反。The other way around：相反。
二. 完型填空
1. A 分号把旅途前后两段进行对照，此处是旅途的第一部分。
2. D but表示转折，前一段旅行comfortable，而后一段却tired and dirty,形成鲜明的对比。
3. D the表明run是名词，表示小火车的行进旅程。下文with its frequent spots at unimportant villages 表明此处火车行驶的很慢。
4. C even 和much 是修饰比较级的。根据上下文提到的旅途劳累，应填more
5. C 有一辆马车正在站台等我们。Doing短语做定语.
6. A 后面的介词短语by two black horses表明用pulled，过去分词短语做定语修饰carriage。
7. D 根据句意和结构，此处应填be动词。
8. C 根据it was growing dark 和even 判断,此处是指outside。
9. D 本句进一步解释前一句it was growing dark，一年中白天最短的时候，天黑得最早。
10. A 天空布满乌云。Be covered with结构。
11. B give light指发光。
12. D 上文 the oil lamps on our carriage gave just enough light表明，驾车人能看清道路。
13. A 而我们也能知晓我们正行驶在浓密的森林中。Tell在此表示：知晓。
14. B what表示时间，相当于the time which
15. B 我们终于到达了朋友的家。Reach：及物动词，后面直接接地点。
16. C _16_ came from the windows是定语从句修饰lights, 有which引导。
17. A 以下三个空的句子是含with +名词+doing结构的伴随状语。
18. D all ages：不同年龄，表示多大年龄的人用介词of 连接。
19. C all together：大家一起。修饰前面的shouting and asking questions.
20. A 先行词the old lady 表明此处应当是由关系代词whom引导的一个非限定性定语从
句，并在从句中做recognized 的宾语
三. 阅读理解
A
1. C 本题考查全文的主旨：根据全文内容可知文章在讲述英国的小酒馆。其他三个答案
只是文章的个别细节
2. A 细节推理题：根据A few old pubs have real character but many are dull and ugly.可知：
大部分的小酒馆都相似没有自己的特色。
3. B 词义猜测：根据：Every pub has its names, its sign and its regulars, 每一家酒馆都有自
己的名字和招牌，再有就应该是自己的常客了
4. D 细节理解：根据：which middle-class people usually prefer because it is more
comfortable and less crowded.当中的more comfortable and less crowded就是指“氛围”。
5. B 细节理解：本题在问“传统的小酒馆是什么场所” Pubs are meeting places for working
men after the evening meal.和The traditional pub was a place for the men only.可以得出答案
B
6. C 根据第三段：“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” 可以得知丈夫在也帮助他们的妻子。
7. B 根据第一段可以知道：在过去，在家庭中夫妻各有分工，充当各自的角色。
8. A 根据最后一段：Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and
during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks.可以得出结论。
9. B 根据第一段：The wives’ jobs were to look after them.可以知道过去妻子的任务。
10. D 考查文章的主旨：从全文内容上看，文章讲述了夫妻在家中的关系。