Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
一.教学内容：
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
二. 教学目标：
1. 谈论个性特征。
2. 学习使用形容词的比较级比较人的个性特征。
3. 学习比较身边的事物并选择最佳方案。
三. 重点词汇、短语：
1. 形容词比较级：taller, shorter, thinner, longer, heavier, calmer, wilder, quieter, funnier, smarter, more athetic, more popular
2. more, than, twin, both,
3. twin sister, look the same, look different, go to parties, in common, be good at, make sb. do sth, elementary school, enjoy, doing sth.,
四. 重点句型：
1. Petro is funnier than Paul.
Tina is taller than Tara.
Tom is more athletic than Sam.
2. In some ways we look the same, and in some ways we look different.
3. Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
4. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
5. I think she should get the job.
五. 语法：
形容词比较级及其用法。
六. 重点、难点讲解：
1. Do you think you are different from Tara?
Because he likes to do the same things as I do.
（be）different from
（be）the same …as
e.g. His life style is quite different from ours.
The twin sisters look the same.
We read the same book as you showed us last time.
2. I’m funnier than Tara. And I’m more outgoing.
（1）形容词比较级用法：
形容词比较级用法用于两者之间的比较，表示一方比另一方“更…”或“较…”，后常跟比较连词than表被比较的对象。为避免重复than引导的从句中有些与主句相同的部分常省略，而把相比较部分突出。另外，在上下文中，形容词比较级也可单独使用。注意：than后常跟名词，但这是由于than引导的比较状语从句省略了与主句相同的部分。在进行比较时，一定要注意比较对象要对等。
e.g. His hair is longer than his father’s.
= He has longer hair than his father.
It’s hotter in Shanghai than in Beijing.
China is bigger than any other country in Asia. （any other “任何一个”）
（2）形容词比较级的构成：
形容词分原级、比较级、最高级。通常形容词的比较级为规则变化，在词尾加-er，以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词直接加－r，（以辅音加y结尾的变y为i加－er，重读闭音节以辅音字母结尾的双写结尾的辅音加-er）。有的双音节和多音节的词，在词前加more构成比较级。此外还有个别词为不规则变化，例：good / well - better / best, bad / ill - worse - worst, little - less - least, old - older / elder - oldest / eldest, many / much- more - most, far -farther / further-farthest / furthest
（3）在形容词比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little来修饰，表示“…的多”“甚至…”“更…”“…一些”。
e.g. This city is much more beautiful than before.
She’s a little more outgoing than me.
It’s a little colder today.
（4）“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越…”注：多音节比较级用“more and more＋形容词原级”形式。
It’s getting worse and worse.
The group became more and more popular.
（5）“Which / Who is + 比较级…？”比较A、B两事物，问其中哪一个较…时用此句型。
e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?
Who is more active, Mary or Kate?
Which one is more popular among students, going to concerts or going to movies?
3. As you can see, in some ways we look the same, and in some ways we look-different.
“look the same”看上去一样。
“look like…”看上去像…，look alike看上去相像
in a way为某一种方式
此处look系动词，后跟形容词。例：look young / old / tired / nice.
4. We both have black eyes and black hair, although my hair is shorter than hers.
（1）both“两个、两者都…”，在句中可作代词、形容词、副词、连词。作副词时常放在be动词之后，实义动词之前。
e.g. Both （of）his parents are doctors. （作代词或形容词）
＝ His parents are both doctors. （作副词）
They both went camping in the holiday. （作副词）
Both English and math are very important.
（both …and…短语常连接两个并列的成分，可连接名词、动词、形容词和代词等。）
注：both指两者都，all指三者或三者以上都。
（2）although与though常可互换，表“虽然、即使、尽管”，都不能与but用于一句话中。但though用得更普遍。此外though可作副词，在句尾表“然而”，although不能。固定短语是even though表“即使、纵然”，不能用even although.
e.g. There are some differences, though.
（3）hers名词性物主代词，句中指“her hair”.
5. She has more than one sister 她不止有一个姐姐。
They have some things in common.
（in common共通（同）的）（something某物，some thing某一个事物，some things一些事物）
6. Li Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
（1）as…as…同级比较，两个“as”之间必须使用形容词或副词原级。意为“如同……一样…”，not as / so …as“不如…一样…”
e.g. He runs as quickly as his father.
The watermelon is as big as a soccerball.
She doesn’t study so / as hard as her brother （does）
（2）be good at sth. / doing sth. 擅长于（做）某事。
e.g. They are good at playing badminton.
I’m not good at painting.
Who is good at computer in your class?
7. I think a good friend makes me laugh.
make sb. do sth. 让（使）某人做某事（make后跟不带to的不定式）
e.g. His words made us feel so exciting.
The boss made the workers work all day and all night.
8. She’s a good listener, and she keeps secrets.
听者listener, 说话者speaker
keep a secret保密
9. Is she a lot like you? = Is she like you very much?
（1）a lot 表程度，相当于very much，但位置不同。
（2）be like 像…，like为介词。
10. elementary school小学
secondary school小学，primary school小学
high school中学
middle school中学
11. enjoy sth. / doing sth. 喜欢（做）某事（物）
enjoy tell jokes, （tell a joke讲笑话）
12. I think she should get the job.
should 情态动词，“应当、应该”，后跟动词原形。
We should study hard and be good students.
You should help your mother with the housework.
【模拟试题】（答题时间：80分钟）
一. 用所给形容词的适当形式填空。
short, heavy, light, tall, small, long
1. He’s on school basketball team. So he is ______ than any other student in his class.
2. What animals are _____, elephants or horses?
3. When autumn comes, the days get ______ and the nights get ______.
4. Things are much _______ on the moon than on the earth.
5. This shirt is too big. Please show me a _______ one.
二. 短语互译：
1. not as …as …________ 2. stop talking__________
3. more than__________ 4. go to parties__________
5. in some ways__________ 6. look the same__________
7. 双胞胎兄（弟）__________ 8. 使某人大笑__________
9. 喜欢运动__________ 10. 擅长于__________
三. 单项选择：
（ ）1. I have two sisters. ______ of them are like me.
A. Both B. All C. One D. First
（ ）2. Lin Tao’s bike is much newer than _____.
A. my B. mine C. me D. I
（ ）3. Which subject do you like ______, English or Chinese?
A. good B. well C. better D. the best
（ ）4. －What do you think of this film?
－It’s ________ than the last one, I think.
A. interesting B. interested
C. more interesting D. more interested
（ ）5. A young man usually sleeps more than an old man ______.
A. do B. sleep C. does D. is
（ ）6. We call it mooncake because it _____ the moon.
A. likes B. looks like C. doesn’t look like D. like
（ ）7. ______ than one person has read the news.
A. Most B. More C. Much D. Many
（ ）8. －Are you ______ at English?
－No, but this time I did _______ in the English exam.
A. good, good B. well, well C. well, good D. good, well
（ ）9. Sam is ______ more outgoing than me.
A. most B. more C. a little D. little
（ ）10. ______ the evening of Mid Autumn Day, we usually stay up late and watch the full moon.
A. At B. In C. On D. Of
四. 完形填空：
（A）
Mike is a worker. He works in a shop. One of feet is bigger than 1 . He can’t find the right shoes 2 his feet. His friend, Bill, says to him, “Why don’t you go to 3 shoemaker （鞋匠）？A good shoemaker can make the 4 shoes 5 you. ”Mike goes to the shoemaker near Bill’s home. Very soon the shoemaker makes him 6 . Mike looks at the shoes and he isn’t 7 . He says to the shoemaker, “You aren’t a 8 shoemaker! I want you 9 me one shoe bigger than the other, but you make me one shoe 10 than the other. ”
（ ）1. A. another B. the other C. other D. others
（ ）2. A. to B. of C. about D. for
（ ）3. A. a B. an C. the D. /
（ ）4. A. big B. wrong C. right D. small
（ ）5. A. to B. of C. with D. for
（ ）6. A. a pair of shoes B. a shoe
C. some shoes D. a pair shoe
（ ）7. A. angry B. happy C. worried D. fine
（ ）8. A. right B. well C. good D. bad
（ ）9. A. make B. to make C. making D. are making
（ ）10. A. smaller B. bigger C. heavier D. lighter
（B）
Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone 1 another. In this way they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually 2 on one side. People used them for 3 meat and skin from dead animals, and 4 for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to 5 tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat-eating 6 such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more 7 .
Working with tools also helped to 8 human intelligence（智力）. The human brain grew bigger, and human began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools 9 people used, and perhaps 10 the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key 11 the success of mankind.
Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip（硅片）－a little chip of silicon crystal. It is 12 than a fingernail, but it can 13 more than a million“bits”（字节）of information. It is 14 electronic brain.
Every year these chips get leverer, but 15 size gets smaller, and their cost gets 16 . Human beings used 17 chips for more than two million years, but human 18 changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for 19 a few years, but life is changing faster every day.
20 will life be like twenty years from now?
1. A. after B. to C. against D. among
2. A. sharp B. hot C. strange D. weak
3. A. hitting B. cutting C. hit D. cut
4. A. not B. only C. just D. also
5. A. store B. find C. use D. repair
6. A. animals B. persons C. tools D. people
7. A. easy B. easily C. difficult D. hard
8. A. prevent B. hard C. develop D. hard
9. A. that B. which C. what D. as
10. A. they’re B. it’s C. there’re D. you’re
11. A. of B. in C. to D. on
12. A. smaller B. bigger C. newer D. softer
13. A. send B. produce C. store D. destroy
14. A. an B. one C. a D. the
15. A. its B. our C. their D. your
16. A. more B. fewer C. greater D. less
17. A. stone B. silicon C. wood D. iron
18. A. body B. life C. nature D. health
19. A. quite B. only C. nearly D. hardly
20. A. How B. When C. What D. Why
五. 阅读理解：
（A）
Thousands of years ago, people lived only in hot places. They did not live in cold places because they could not keep warm. Then they learned how to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they cut off its skin. They wrapped the skins around their bodies. The skins kept them warm. Skins which had fur on them were the best. Even today some people wear the furs of animals to keep themselves warm.
At first men did not know how to make fire. Sometimes lightning hit a forest and started a fire. Then people took some of this fire to make a fire near their homes. A fire was very important for three reasons. It kept them warm. It also frightened wild animals－they did not attack when they saw a fire. Then another thing was discovered: if you cook food, it tastes much better!
But men still did not know how to make fire. When they had a fire, they did not let it stop burning. If it went out, they could not start it again. They had to wait for lightning to start another fire! Sometimes they had to wait for years.
Later, they discovered how to make fire. If you rub two pieces of wood together, they become hot and burn. You have to rub very fast! One way of doing it is to make a little hole in a piece of wood. Pieces of wood or dry leaves are put into the hole. You rub the stick between your hands. This makes it turn very quickly. The end in the hole becomes very hot. The small pieces of wood and dry leaves begin to burn.
Another way of making fire is to knock two pieces of stone together. This makes a spark. You can use this spark to start a fire.
Today we have matches. We can carry them in our pockets and make a fire when we want to. Many people use heaters to keep warm. Oil heaters burn oil. Gas heaters burn gas. Electric heaters use electricity. We also use oil, gas and electricity for cooking.
1. Once people lived only in hot countries because they did not know how to _____.
A. kill animals B. take fire from forests
C. keep themselves warm D. make matches
2. Animals skins were used ______.
A. for food B. to make fire
C. cut off an animal’s skin D. burn wood
3. Men later discovered how to use fire to ______.
A. cook food B. kill animals
C. cut off an animal’s skin D. burn wood
4. People first learned to make fire by rubbing _____ together.
A. stones B. two pieces of wood C. dry leaves D. matches
5. Today most people in the world use ______ to make a fire.
A. heaters B. matches C. stones D. lightning
（B）
Han Pingrun made sure he was at home every summer evening to watch the Japanese cartoon（卡通）series, Famous Detective Konan（《名侦探柯南》）on TV. “The story is so interesting. I want to know what happens next, ”said the junior school student from Beijing.
Many students like Han love cartoons on TV, in films and in comic books. Cartoons are especially hot this year. Cartoon shows were held in Shanghai and Guangzhou. Hundreds of people visited and many were junior students. Many famous cartoon characters（人物）, like Crayon Shinchan（蜡笔小新）and Robotcat（机器猫）, are popular among teens（青少年）.
Some students watch cartoons for fun. Others think they can learn from cartoon characters.
Huang Yiyi, a Junior 2 student from Guangzhou, loves the red-haired basketball player Sakuragi Hanamichi（樱木花道）from “Slum Dunk”（《灌篮高手》）. “He is very confident and never gives up, ”he said.
Parents and teachers are worried that some cartoons are unfit for children. Another problem is that kids also read them in class.
Yang Xiong, an expert on teenage education in Shanghai said, “Cartoons may be fun, but teens should not spend too much time on them. ”
1. Who likes cartoons best?
A. The old B. The young
C. The teens D. The parents
2. Which cartoon is Sakuragi Hanamichi from?
A. Famous Detective Konan B. Crayon Shinchan
C. Robotcat D. Slum Dunk
3. Which of the following sentences is true?
A. The teens don’t like cartoons.
B. Teachers and parents like children to watch cartoons every night.
C. Parents and teachers don’t think all the cartoons are helpful to children.
D. Experts think that children should spend much time on cartoons.
4. What do the teenagers watch cartoons for?
A. Because they like all the cartoon characters.
B. Some watch cartoons for fun.
C. Some watch cartoons only for studying.
D. The teenagers watch cartoons for fun or to learn from cartoon characters.
5. Which title is the best for the passage?
A. Cartoons are very interesting
B. Cartoons and TV.
C. The teenagers and Cartoons.
D. People like to watch Cartoons.
【试题答案】
一.
1. taller 2. heavier 3. shorter, longer
4. lighter 5. smaller
二.
1. 不如…一样… 2. 停止交谈
3. 超过，多于 4. 去参加聚会
5. 在一些方面 6. 看起来一样
7. twin brother 8. make sb. laugh
9. enjoy sports / doing sports
10. be good at
三. ABCCC, BBDCC
四. （A）BDACD, ABCBA
（B）CABCC, ABCAB, CACDC, DABBC
五. （A）CDABB, （B）CDCDC