Unit 11 Key to Success
Word study:
stick with: 忠于，支持，和…在一起
I know you are new in this job, but stick with me and you’ll be all right.
我知道你干这工作是新手，不过和我在一起你会没事的。
We stuck with him as our candidate.
我们继续支持他为候选人。
be stuck with sth./sb.被…缠住
Bill left and I was stuck with the debt. 债务缠身
拓展：
stick out伸出，坚持到底，忍下去
stick up竖立，向上突出
stick to: 坚持（原则，计划，决定，意见），继续干，坚持干
He is still sticking to his story that his car was stolen and later returned.
他仍在坚持说他的汽车是失而复得的。
2．through thick and thin 同甘共苦，祸福与共，忠贞不渝
I’ll going to love you through thick and thin no matter what happens
不管发生什么事，我都始终不渝地爱你。
A true friend sticks though thick and thin.
同甘共苦的朋友才是真正的朋友。
3．suspect:
v. 1) 怀疑；猜疑；不信任，常用于suspect sb. of sth.
We suspected him of removing the cashbox.
我们怀疑他拿走了钱箱。
He was suspected and accused of selling states secrets.
他被怀疑与指控出卖国家机密。
2）猜想,觉得，疑有
suspect sth
suspect sb. to do
suspect sb. to be…
suspect that clause
If you don’t go, they’ll suspect something.
如果你不去，他们会产生怀疑。
I suspect him to have done it.
我疑心这是他干的。
I suspect him to be the pickpocket.
我怀疑他是个小偷。
I strongly suspect that they’re trying to get rid of me.
我强烈地感觉到他们要除掉我。
n. 嫌疑犯， 可疑对象
The police are questioning two suspects.
警察正在审讯两个嫌疑犯。
adj. 不可靠的，不可信的，可能有假的，可疑的
His statements are suspect. 他的说法不可靠。
4．for the sake of 由于某种缘故，也可以说 for sb.’s sake 意为看在某人份上
Stop crying, for God’s sake.
看在老天的份上，请你别哭了
He moved to the seaside for the sake of his health.
他由于健康的原因而搬到了海边。
I’ll help you for your sister’s sake.
看在你姐姐的份上，我来帮助你。
拓展：
for one’s own sake 为了自身的缘故，为了自身的利益
for the sake of it 因为自己喜欢，由于自身的缘故
for the sake of argument 为了便于讨论（非正式）
I just like car trips for my own sake.
我喜欢轿车旅行仅仅是因为我喜欢这样。
I am sure she agrees with you really---she just likes arguing for the sake of it.
我确信她实际上同意你的观点，她只是因为好辩而与人辩论。
5. individual
adj.1) 个别的，个体的，单独的，作定语
She didn’t read well so her teacher gave her individual help.
她读得不好，因此老师对她进行个别辅导。
2) 独特的，有特性的，有个性的
Alice has an individual style of arranging her hair.
艾丽斯有独特的发式。
n. 个人，个体，个别的人，是可数名词
Handwriting varies from individual to individual.
笔迹因人而异。
6．expectation n.
1) (u) 此时常与介词of连用，表示“期望，希望；预计”。常以every, great, little, no, utmost作修饰语
It greatly surpassed my utmost expectation.
它远远超过了我的最大期望。
2）(pl)希望，预计要发生的事；
预期（从某人那儿）继承遗产，常与介词from连用
Our Party has great expectations of you young people.
我们党对你们年轻人寄予很大期望。
He has expectations from a rich uncle.
他有希望从他一个有钱的伯父那儿得到遗产。
fall short of/not come up to sb’s expectations 为臻理想
His film performance didn’t come up to our expectations.
他在影片中的表演有负众望。
7．embarrass vt.（尤用语被动语态）
1）使人觉得不自然，忸怩，尴尬或害羞
I was embarrassed by his comments about my clothes.
他评论我的衣服是我很尴尬。
2）使某人不安或焦虑
be embarrassed by lack of money.
因缺钱而苦恼
拓展
embarrassing adj.令人困窘的，令人尴尬的
embarrassment n.
8．resign.
Vt.1).辞去，放弃 后面一般接表示职务的名词
Robert resigned the Chairmanship.
罗伯特辞去了主席的职务。
2）把…交托给，常与介词into，to等搭配
I resign my children to your care.
我把孩子委托你照顾。
3) resign oneself to do顺从于，屈从于
You must resign yourself to waiting a bit longer.
你只好耐心多等一会儿。
vi. 1). 辞职
She resigned from the government.
她辞去了政府职务。
2）屈从于，听任
resign to sb’s will 屈从于某人的意志
resignation n.
7. pursue vt.
1) 从事，进行，实行
Many people went to pursue their studies abroad in those days.
那时候很多人出国留学
2）追踪，追捕
The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.
警察在追捕一名逃犯。
3）跟随，纠缠
Bad luck pursued us all through the year.
一年来我们厄运连续不断。
Pursue the path you have been treading and you will do well.
顺着你走的路走下去，你会干的不错。
The boy pursued his father with questions.
那孩子纠缠住他父亲问问题。
9.. complement
vt. 与（某事物）结合（相辅相成）
His business skill complements her flair for design.
他的经营技巧和她的设计才能相辅相成。
n. 1）~ to 相配合的事物，补充物，补足物
Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.
有咖喱的菜配米饭最妙。
2）需要或允许的数额
We’ve taken on our full complement of new trainees for this year.
我们今年招收的新学员已经满额了。
3）补语
subject complement 主语补足语
10．decline
1) vt/vi 拒绝（接受某物），谢绝
decline an invitation to dinner 谢绝宴请
I invited her to join us, but she declined.
我邀请她和我们在一起，可是她婉言谢绝了。
He declined to discuss his plans.
他拒绝讨论他的计划。
2）vi. 变小，变弱，变少
Her influence declined after she lost the election.
她落选后其影响力大为降低。
3). ~ (in sth.) （力量，权力，数量等的）削减
a decline in population/prices/popularity人口/价格/声望的降低
拓展
fall/go into a decline 失去力量，影响
After his wife’s death, he fell into a decline.
他在妻子死后一蹶不振。
on the decline 在削减，在衰退
The number of robberies in the area is on the decline.
这地区的劫案在减少。
Warming-up, listening and speaking
1. While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products that are prepared in its kitchens and will be delivered to the customers.
在那儿工作时，你发现管理部门没有采取适当的措施来保证食品的卫生和安全，这些食品都是在饭店的厨房加工并运往顾客手中的。
take measures to do sth.= take steps to do sth.采取措施干某事
What measures were taken to prevent fires?
采取了什么措施来防止火灾？
get/take the measure of sb.= take/ get sb.’s measure
给某人量尺寸，估量某人的能力和力量
Before I could get in, he had taken my measure.
我还没来得及插嘴，他就给我量好了尺寸。
measurement n.
(u) 测量，计量
We can know the size of something by means of measurement.
我们可以通过测量得出物体的尺寸。
(c) 丈量的结果
What are the measurements of the living room?
客厅的尺寸是多少？
2）ensure
vt. 保证，保证发生/获得，
ensure sth.
ensure sb. sth.
ensure doing dth
endure that clause
ensure sb. against sth.保证不，安全，确保不
I cannot ensure his being on time.
我不能保证他能准时。
All the necessary steps had been taken to ensure their safety.
已经采取了所有必要的措施以确保他们的安全。
The present contract cannot ensure you a job.
现有的合同不能确保你获得一份工作。
We should ensure workers against accidents.
我们应保护工人们不出事故。
拓展:
比较ensure, insure 和assure
在美国英语中，endure=insure，即insure 也可以用来作“保证”“确保”，此时用法与ensure同
More care will insure you against making so many mistakes.
多加注意会确保你不犯这么多错误。
但insure还可作“给…保险”
The actress insured her life for one hundred thousand dollars.
这个女演员给自己保了十万美元的人寿险。
assure 表示“向…保证”，“肯定地说”
I assure you that you are mistaken.
我肯定地说你弄错了。
The doctor assured me that the injury was not serious.
医生向我保证，伤势并不严重。
assure还可以用做“保人寿险”
assure 和insure 还可作“确保”“保障”
assure/insure peace 保障和平
assure/insure security 保障安全
Reading and Integrating skills
What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself?(P94 Para1)
假如你觉得你一个人干某项工作感觉更舒服些？
What if you should fall sick?
What if he gets angry?
要是他生气怎么办？
含if的短语
only if 只有
if only要是…就好了
as if 好像
Although the coach is usually not counted as a team member, his role is to discuss
strategy and make decisions about the composition of team.(P94 Para3)
虽然教练通常不算作队员，他的作用是讨论策略，并确定运动员的组成。
count:
v. 1): 把…看作…，常与as连用，此时as可省
I count him (as) one of my closest friends.
我把他看作是我最好的朋友之一。
I am afraid we must count him (as) missing.
恐怕我们只好算他失踪了。
2). 起作用，是重要的，应予重视
For them what counted is money.
对他们来说，金钱才起作用。
It is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
重要的不是你读了多少书， 而是你读的是什么书。
3). 把…计算在内
Six people are on the trip if you count the children.
如果算上孩子就是六个人去旅行。
There are ten guests, not counting the members of the family.
一共是十位客人，还不算自家的人。
4). 数数，点数
I counted all the people; there were fifty present.
我数了数，总共来了五十个人。
3. As with sports teams, group work can only be successful when group members respect, help and support each other.(P94 Para6)
正如运动对一样，小组活动只有在组员们相互尊重，相互帮助和相互支持的情况下才能取得成功。
as with=as to =as for就…而言，至于…
Kitty’s got so thin, And as for Carl, he always seems to be ill.
He was very uncertain as to whether it was the right job for him.
他还不确定这工作是否适合他
4. Teams requires leaders and people who creates ideas
团队需要领袖以及出主意的人。(P95 Para7).
require: v. 需要，要求
require sth.
require doing sth/ to be done
require sb. to do sth.
require that (should) + do
That matter requires careful thought.
这件事需要慎重考虑。
This wall requires repairing/ to be repaired.
这面墙需要修理了。
His health requires that he (should) go to bed early.
他的健康状况需要他早睡。
The police required him to keep it a secret.
警察要他对此事保密。
5．People full of action and ideas are often the ones to bring new energy to the group, while people who are mainly listening and commenting are often the ones to keep an eye on procedures that must be followed.
那些富于实干和思路开阔的人常常是给小组以新的活力的人，而那些主要是倾听或评论的人则常常是监管工作流程的人。(P95 Para7)
keep an eye on 或keep one’s eye on 照料，留神，密切注意，也可以说成keep a watch/ look out on
Can you keep an eye on my suitcase for a minute.
你能帮我看一会儿手提箱吗？
They kept a close watch on his activities.
他们密切监视他的活动。
类似的说法还有
keep one’s eyes open for;
keep an eye out for
keep one’s eyes peeled/skinned for
关于eye的一些词组：
have an eye for 对…有鉴赏眼光
shut/close one’s eyes to 不理会，闭眼不见
an eye for an eye 以眼还眼，报复
get the eye 引人注目
catch one’s eyes 引起注意
by all eyes 聚精会神地
fix one’s eyes on 盯着
6. Working in a team, we have to taken into account how each individual member works best. 在团队中工作，我们必须考虑个人如何充分地发挥作用。（P95 Para8）
take sth. into account 考虑，
take account of sth.
take sth. into consideration
We must take local conditions into account.
我们必须考虑本地的条件
There are the factors we must take into consideration.
这些都是我们必须考虑的因素。
7. As the years went by, she worked in many places…(P97 Para2)
几年过去了，她在许多地方工作过…
go by
1) （时间）过去
Two years went by.
两年过去了。
2）经过（某地），从旁边经过
Tom usually goes by the theatre on his way to school.
汤姆上学时通常经过剧院。
3）遵照，受指导
You should go entirely by what the doctor says.
你应该完全按照医生的话去做。
4）从…判断
You can’t go by what he says--- he’s very untrustworthy.
你不能根据他的话判断-----他是很不可靠的。
8．She decided to put that money to good use. (P98 Para2)
她决定把这笔钱派上好用场。
put… to use 利用，使用，也可以说成 put…into use
We must put everything to its best use.
我们一定要充分利用一切。
拓展：
put to bed/sleep 使睡着
put to test 考虑
put to flight 使逃走
put to trouble 造成麻烦
put to inconvenience 造成不便
put to sea 出海
The enemies were soon put to flight.
敌人不久就给打跑了。
One of these pills will put you to sleep in an hour.
这个药吃一小片一个钟头之内就可以睡着。
11. Many people tend to listen to their parents or to their teachers and they often have expectations that are hard to live up to. (P98 Para3)
很多人倾向于听家长或教师的意见，但是他们所期望的往往是学生难以办到的。
live up to 依照某事物行事,表现出符号某事物的标准
He didn’t pass the NMET, failing to live up to his parents’ expectations.
他未通过高考,辜负了父母的期望
12. Not going to university is not a shame.(P98 Para4)
shame的一些搭配:
feel shame (at/for) 感到羞耻
put…to shame 使感到羞耻,使蒙羞
bring shame on sb. 给某人带来耻辱
What a shame to do sth.
What a shame that…
It’s a shame (that)…
It’s a shame to do sth.
13. We make the most of our special talent and interests.（P98 Para）
make the most of =make the best use of
最好/最大限度地利用
make use of 利用,使用
make good/full use of 好好利用,充分利用
We’ve got one day in Paris, so we’d better make the most of it.
我们在巴黎只剩一天了，我们得充分利用。