●知识记忆
§2.1知识网络
1.quit vt. 放弃，停止，离开
I’ve quit my job.我辞职了。
I’ve quit working.
我已经停止工作。
I’d had enough,so I quit.
我受够了，所以辞职不干了。
2.burden
（1）n. 负担，责任
She bore the burden of caring for her sick mother.
她母亲生病，她担负起照料的重任。
The boy was a burden to/on his family.
那个男孩是他家里的一个负担。
（2）vt. 负担，给……加负担
I don’t want to burden her with my trouble.
我不想以我的苦恼加重她的负担。
3.relief n. （痛苦、困苦、忧虑等）减轻或解除；援助
Will this medicine give immediate relief from pain?
吃了这药能马上止痛吗？
They often send relief to refugees.
他们经常送救济物品给难民。
4.deliver v. 递送，传送，发言，接生
Would you deliver my message to your mother?
你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？
The mailman delivers the mail twice a day in this area.
这个地区的邮差每天送两次信。
He delivered a long speech.
他发表了一场很长的演说。
The doctor managed to deliver the triplets safely.
医生总算平安顺利地接生了那三胞胎。
5.properly adv. 恰当地，正确地
The child can’t use chopsticks properly.
那小孩不能正确使用筷子。
properly speaking=to speak properly
6.apply（...） to...运用，应用
The nurse applied a bandage to the wound.
护士将伤口包上绷带。
You can’t apply this rule to every case.
这规则并不能适用于所有的状况。
What you said doesn’t apply to me.
你所说的对我不适用。
apply oneself to...专心致力于……，专心从事
7.go for
（1）攻击，批评
She really went for me when I came in late.
我来晚了，她狠狠地骂了我一顿。
（2）试图得到，争取获得
Smith is going for gold in the 200 meters.
史密斯想争夺200米金牌。
（3）挑选，拿
When you offer him sweets,he always goes for the biggest one.
你给他糖果时，他总是挑最大的。
（4）喜欢，被……吸引
Do you go for modern music?
你喜欢现代音乐吗？
（5）适用于，应用于
He thought the lunch was terrible,and the same goes for all the rest of us too.
他认为这顿午餐糟透了，我们其他人也有同感。
8.live through活过，经过（困难、危险）之后仍旧活着
He lived through two world wars.
他经历了两次世界大战。
9.tough adj. 坚韧的，坚强的，能吃苦耐劳的
Only tough breeds of sheep can live in the mountains.
只有强壮品种的羊才能在山区生存。
We won the contract,but only through a lot of tough negotiating.
我们赢得了合同，但却是经过了多次不屈不挠的谈判才达到的。
§2.2发散思维
1.lose heart泄气，灰心
Don’t lose heart;have another try.
别灰心，再试一次。
注意heart的相关短语
by heart默记
have a change of heart改变主意
have...at heart把……牢记在心
have the heart to do有勇气做
heart and soul全心全意地
lose one’s heart to 爱上某人，倾心于
take heart振作精神
2.keep up维持，保持
Will the weather keep up?
这样的天气会持续下去吗？
注意keep相关短语
keep away from避开，离开
keep back后退，阻止
keep...from不使做，不做
keep from doing避免做
keep off...离开，使不接近
keep on继续
keep out不进去，使不接近
keep out of置身于……之外，从……离开
keep up with跟上
3.lose one’s way迷路
When they went into the forest,they lost their way.
他们进入了森林就迷了路。
注意way的相关短语
all the way一直
by the way顺便一提
by way of经过，经由
find one’s way找到路，设法到达
get into the way of doing养成做……的习惯
in any way不管怎样，好歹
in a way在某种程度上，有点
in no way决不
in the way妨碍
lead the way领路，指导
make one’s way前进，行走
No way没门
on the/one’s way（to）...在去……的路上
under way（计划等）进行中
●语篇领悟
阅读本单元对话与课文，完成下列各题:
§1.1细枝末节
1.The reason why my father wanted to go to California is that .
A.California was in desert
B.California was far away
C.California was a wonderful land described in a book
D.California was the largest state in the USA
答案：C
2.People moving to the west would meet in .
A.Kansas
B.California
C.Salt Lake Valley
D.Salt Lake Desert
答案：A
3.On which day did the author enter the Salt Lake Desert?
A.April 12. B.November 4.
C.October 15. D.December 25.
答案：B
4.Why did the travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long Drive”?
A.Because the landscape was dry and barren.
B.Because water was salty and not drinkable.
C.Because their water supply was so low.
D.All of the above.
答案：D
5.After the travelers burnt their wagons,they had to go on their feet with another
miles to go.
A.2 500 B.500
C.90 D.45
答案：B
6.Why didn’t the author stay behind with the children and wait for help?
A.Because that meant he/she would die.
B.Because he/she knew that children were tiresome.
C.Because he/she knew that there was a wagon waiting for him/her.
D.Because he/she felt he/she could get a prize by his/her father.
答案：A
7.The animals almost ran when the travelers reached the edge of the desert,why?
A.Because they were tired and weak.
B.Because they had no burden.
C.Because they must have smelt the water.
D.Because they went back to their home.
答案：C
§1.2 推理判断
8.How long did the author spend finishing the journey?
A.More than 40 months.
B.About 2 months.
C.About a year.
D.About a year and a month.
答案：A
9.From the text,we can infer .
A.the author and the travelers had to go all day and all night long
B.there was no oxen left when the travelers reached California
C.many travelers died when their days of hardship came to an end
D.it’s a long way to travel from the author’s hometown to California
答案：D
§1.3主旨大意
10.The best title of the text is .
A.A Journey To California
B.Long Drive
C.The Salt Lake Desert
D.Enjoy Your Life
答案：B
§3.4用动词的适当形式填空
1.My friends did what they could （help） me out when I was in difficulty.
答案：to help
2.Don’t be discouraged. （take） things as they are and you’ll enjoy every day of your life.
答案：Take
3.They didn’t like my suggestion that we （share） the cost of the trip.
答案：share
4.Professor Wang once （work） in Africa with wild animals for eight years.
答案：worked
5.-I ran my car into a tree yesterday.
-I suppose you （drive） too fast.
答案：were driving
6.Before they reached the house,a new wave came, （sweep） down trees and brought down some walls.
答案：swept
7.I lost my way in complete darkness and, （make） matters worse,it began to pour.
答案：to make
8. （produce） different kinds of pianos,the factory is sure they can satisfy people’s needs.
答案：Having produced
9.He （play） football with other boys when he should have been doing his homework.
答案：was playing
10.He kept looking at her, （wonder） whether he had seen her somewhere.
答案：wondering
●思路开拓
§4.1实战类例
1.（重庆2004）I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.
A.I realized B.I had realized
C.had I realized D.did I realize
解析：以only+状语开头的句子要用倒装。
答案：D
2.（广东2004）Helen always helps her mother even though going to school most of her day.
A.takes up B.makes up
C.saves up D.puts up
解析：take up占用（时间）， make up补足， save up储存， put up建立。
答案：A
3.（湖南2004）Everyone was on time for the meeting- Chris,who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.
A.but B.only
C.even D.yet
解析：even“甚至”，进一步说明每个人都按时参加会议。
答案：C
4.（湖北2004） straight on and you’ll see a church.You won’t miss it.
A.Go B.Going
C.If you go D.When going
解析：从后边的and以及 and后的句子用将来时可知本句是个祈使句。
答案：A
5.（福建2004）It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A.because B.which
C.since D.that
解析：这是一个强调句型，with great joy是被强调部分。
答案：D
§3.5 句型转换
完成B句，使其与A句意思相同或相近。（每空一词）
1.A.By the way,what time does your watch say?
B.By the way,what time is it ?
答案：by your watch
2.A.Although he had a disease of the brain which was getting worse,he decided to continue with his research.
B.Although he had a disease of the brain which was getting worse,he decided to
his research.
答案：go on with
3.A.I’ve always dreamt of coming to China,and now my dream has become a reality.
B.I’ve always dreamt of coming to China,and now my dream has .
答案：come true
4.A.I’m determined to enjoy myself as much as I can,even though I can’t see everything.
B.I’m determined to enjoy myself ,even though I can’t see everything.
答案：as much as possible
5.A.One of the towers is on the top of the hill,but the other buildings are easy to get to.
B.One of the towers is on the top of the hill,but the buildings are easy to get to.
答案：the rest of
6.A.Hopefully tomorrow will turn out to be a fine day.
B. tomorrow will turn out to be a fine day.
答案：It is hoped that
7.A.That is because this professor has a disease which prevent him from speaking.
B.That is because this professor has a disease which him speaking.
答案：stops/keeps;from
8.A.By the time he was 21 years old he had already begun to notice that it was difficult to move around.
B. 21 years old he had already begun to notice that it was difficult to move around.
答案：By the age of
9.A.Why do people come to his lectures since he is difficult to understand?
B.Why do people come to his lectures since
him?
答案：it is difficult to understand
10.A.The truth is that everyone should help disabled people,not just the government.
B.The truth is that everyone should disabled people,not just the government.
答案：take care of
§3.3介词、副词填空
1.-Thank you very much helping to repair my computer.
-That’s all right.Thanks your letter,I can come in time and repair it for you.
答案：for;to
2.I don’t know what happened-we just got cut .
答案：off
3. more and more forests destroyed,some animals are facing the danger of dying out.
答案：With
4.Paper made the fibers of that plant is as soft and light as silk.
答案：from
5.He tried to speed the car,but it was impossible,for it was too old and it could only run a speed of 30 km an hour.
答案：up;at
6.Teachers and students couldn’t agree the spring outing,but the headmaster agreed the plan.
答案：on;to
7.It’s nice to travel expenses paid by your employers.
答案：with
8.I will go to attend the meeting on condition that it clears tomorrow.
答案：up
9.Little by little I have found my neighbor great help to my work and study.
答案：of
10.Every summer those who want to visit the Great Wall come to Beijing great numbers.
答案：in
§3.2 单项填空
1.It was nearly an hour the sleeping pill effect.
A.when;took B.before;took
C.when;had D.before;had
解析：take effect意为“起作用”。
答案：B
2.Carol said the work would be done by 8 o’clock, I personally doubt very much.
A.it B.that
C.when D.which
解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前边一句话。
答案：D
3.On the contrary,I think it is Truman you, to blame.
A.more than;are
B.less than;who are
C.rather than;that is
D.rather than;is
解析：rather than“而不是”， be to blame“应受责备”。
答案：C
4.In autumn,the cattle have into the cattle pen and counted.
A.been arranged
B.to be arranged
C.been rounded up
D.to be rounded up
解析：have been表示“已经”， have to表示“不得不”， round up指“圈起来”。
答案：D
5.Does it to let children chat online with strangers?
A.make sure B.make out
C.make known D.make sense
解析：make sense “起作用，有意义”。
答案：D
6.You’ve been working so hard for nearly a month.Relax yourself,or you will
sooner or later.
A.put down B.get down
C.break down D.turn down
解析：break down在此处指“身体垮掉”。
答案：C
7.It’s a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them .
A.properly B.repeatedly
C.clearly D.jokingly
解析：repeatedly“反复地，多次地”。句意为“多次看单词对我们来说是记忆新单词的好方法”。
答案：B
8.The women carrying babies,come in first, ?
A.will you B.will they
C.don’t they D.don’t you
解析：本句暗含祈使句。在The women前省略了 Let/Make/Have。
答案：A
9.The time he has devoted in the past ten years the disabled is now considered
of great value.
A.to help;being
B.to helping;to be
C.to help;to be
D.helping;being
解析：devote ...to doing“献身于……，将……奉献于”， be considered to be “被认为是……”。
答案：B
10. either your parents or your elder brother to attend the meeting tomorrow?
A.Is B.Are
C.Have D.Will
解析：在either...or,neither...nor句型中，动词单复数应依据“就近性”原则。
答案：B
11.It was unexpected that I my childhood friend in such a far-away small town at all.
A.knocked into B.turned up
C.took pride in D.keep up with
解析：knock into“碰见”， turn up“出现”， take pride in“以……为骄傲”， keep up with“跟上”。
答案：A
12.Old memories are often when you hear a particular song or a piece of music.
A.called in B.called on
C.called out D.called up
解析：call up“唤起，使……记起”。
答案：D
13.I can’t make a decision right now.I need more time to think it over.
A.fairly B.rather
C.too much D.many
解析：rather可以修饰比较级，表示“很，更”。
答案：B
14. he works hard,I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
A.As soon as B.As well as
C.So far as D.So long as
解析：so/as long as“只要”。本句意为“只要他工作努力，我不在乎他什么时候做完这个实验”。
答案：D
15.I listened to Dr Johnson’s lecture about biology,but I failed to get its key .
A.words B.points
C.notes D.message
解析：key points“主题”。
答案：B
§3.6单句改错
下列句子均有一处错误（或多一词，或缺一词，或错一词），请找出并改正。
1.The girl you considered being honest was caught cheating in the exam.
解析：consider作“认为”解时，后接从句或复合宾语结构（宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、介词短语、 to be或 to have done等）。
答案：去掉being或 being改为 to be
2.Our English teacher suggested us buy a good English-Chinese dictionary.
解析：suggest表示“建议”时，后接名词、代词、v.-ing形式或that从句。
答案：buy改为 buying
3.The news which China has won 32 gold medals at the Athens Olympic Games is true.
解析：China has won 32 gold medals at the Athens Olympic Games是 the news的同位语，引导同位语从句要用 that。
答案：which改为 that
4.-Where do you suggest we go to Beijing for our holiday?
-I think we’d better fly there.
解析：根据第二句fly there可知第一句问的是“怎样去北京”。
答案：Where改为 How
5.If your home is on a fire and you could save only one thing,what would it be?
解析：be on fire“着火”，强调状态。
答案：去掉a
6.Our house is worth of about 200 000 yuan.
解析：be worth后常接v.-ing形式、表示钱数的词以及相当于“代价”之类的名词。
答案：去掉of
7.At the surprise of them,Isabel tore up the letter in her hand angrily.
解析：to one’s surprise（joy/horror/disappointment,etc.）=to the surprise（joy/horror/disa-
ppointment） of sb.。
答案：At改为 To
8.There used to be a church behind the school,didn’t it?
解析：there be构成反意疑问句时，附加问句的“主语”部分习惯上用 there。
答案：it改为 there
9.I feel like have a nice cool glass of lemonade.
解析：feel like doing“喜欢做某事”，是固定搭配。
答案：have改为 having
10.Didn’t you put any matches in your pocket?
解析：some可用于反问，即否定疑问句中，表示“一些”。
答案：any改为 some