作者：曲保玉
一、要保持良好心态,学会善于预览,做到有的放矢。
准确获取对话中的具体信息,如时间、地点、人物、数字、价钱等,它们在试题中占相当大的比例。这类题要求学生在听清、听懂信息的同时,还要对所听到的信息做简单的计算、时间比较、深层推理等。
例1:
At what time does train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00. B. 3:15. C. 5:00.
录音原文:
W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester leaves?
M: Sure. Well, it's three now. The next train to Manchester leaves in two hours, but you can take train to Leeds which leaves in fifteen minutes, and then get off at Manchester. It stops at Manchester on the way.
本题考查考生对话语所揭示信息的分辨能力。在男士的答语中给了三个时间,现在是三点,下一趟去Manchester的时间为再过2个小时,去 Leeds 的火车是15 分钟之后,只有第一个和第三个时间才与所问问题有关。所以答案为B。
二、理解对话的主旨大意。
常见的提问形式有:What are they talking about? / What are the man and the woman talking about? / What does the passage talk about?等等。对于此类题若是对话,则要把对话双方联系起来考虑。一般来说更应注意第一个说话人所说的关键词语,它往往引出一个话题。
例2:
What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A football player.
B. A football team.
C. A football match.
录音原文:
W: Do you know that Michael Owen has won France Football's Golden Ball Prize?
M: Not a surprise. He has 20 goals this season.
本题考查对所听对话主题的把握。对话的中心谈一位球员, 而不是一支球队或一场球赛。所以答案为A。
三、推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系。
常见的提问方式有:Where is... ? /Where does the conversation probably take place? / Where are the two speakers now? /Where is the man going? 和 What's the man (woman)? / What' s the man's (woman's) occupation? / What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? / Who is ... ?等等。对于此类问题要求考生根据谈话内容来揣摩、推断谈话发生的场所或抓住暗示人物身份与关系的词语等,据此做出正确的判断。
例3:
What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Father and daughter.
C. Husband and wife.
录音原文:
W: Hello.
M: Hello. Lucy. This is John. Look, could you do me a favor? I've tried to phone my wife six times and I can't get through. The line is busy all the time. Could you possibly go next door and give her a message?
W: Sure. What do you want to tell Mary?
M: Could you just say I've run into an old friend and I'm staying with him and not at the hotel. I'll give her a ring later.
W: Sure. I'll go round now.
M: Thanks a lot, Lucy.
W: Okay. Bye.
M: Bye!
该题考查考生对谈话者之间的关系进行判断。根据对话中的语气及内容,我们不难判断此题的答案为A。
四、理解领会对话的观点、态度及意图
常用的提问方式有:What does the man (woman) think of ... ? / How does the man (woman) feel about... ? 等等。听这类试题我们首先要判断两个人的态度是否相同。如果不相同,我们要分清每个人对这件事情的看法,千万不能够混淆。另外说话人的态度是通过语气、语调等的变化体现出来的,因此,听的时候要做出正确的判断。
例4:
6. How does the man feel about David's way of sleeping?
A. It's effective. B. It's strange. C. It's the best.
7. How many hours does David sleep a day?
A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven.
8. What does the woman suggest at the end of the talk?
A. People should develop a habit like David's.
B. People need longer hours of sleep.
C. People have different sleeping habits.
录音原文:
M: How come David is always so full of energy.
W: He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping.
M: What is that?
W: He takes a short sleep for an hour every six hours and has a total of four hours' sleep each day.
M: Where did he get that strange idea?
W: He read from a book which said it was the best way of human beings and he believed that.
M: How many hours do you sleep a day?
W: I need at least seven hours. I once tried to follow David's example. But it never worked out of me.
M: If I sleep during the day, I can never wake up.
W: Not everyone is David, I guess.
第6小题考查对说话者所持观点、态度的理解情况。对话中女士提出 He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping, 然后对David的睡眠方式进行了一番描述。男士则继续质疑,其中也体现自己的态度:Where did he get that strange idea? 所以最佳答案为B。第7小题考查细节,A为正确答案。第8小题与第6小题考查的内容一样。男女对David的睡眠方式进行了一番讨论之后,女士才说"Not everyone is David, I guess.",意为"我想不同的人有不同的睡眠方式"。所以C项为最佳答案。