Unit 2 English around the world要点讲解

发布时间:2016-9-20 编辑:互联网 手机版

I.Teaching aims and demands

1.Topics

1>.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules

and the ways to learn all the subjects

2>.make a world map of English-speaking countries

3>.collect words different in spelling,pronunciation,or meaning between

British English and American English,to make a list

2.Function: language difficulties in communication

Can you spell that?

Could you repeat that,please?

What do you mean by...?

Could you speak a bit slowly,please?

Sorry,I didn t follow you.

I beg your pardon?

How do you say...in English?

How do you pronounce...?

What does...mean?

Can you say that in a different way?

3.Vocabulary

bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;

equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;

communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;

stand;independent;fall;expression;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European;

hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace

make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with;

bring in;a great many;at the same time

4.Grammar direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)

II.Key points

1.listening and speaking

1>Write a passage comparing American and British English.

compare

[用法]vt.1. 和...比较,对照(+with/to) 2. 比喻为,把...比作(+to)

[举例]Compared with him, I am a bungler.

与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。

2>What is it that Joe can t find in the bathroom?

[解析]本句为特殊疑问词开头的强调句型.强调句型的基本构成如下:

It + is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分.

[举例]It was in the street that I found the purse.

It is I who should be responsible for the incident.

Why was it that you used to skip classes?

3>Oh,there you are.

there you are

[用法]行了.好了.这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语.

还可以表示"瞧!""对吧(果然如此)!"等语气.

[举例]There you are!Then let s have some coffee.

好了,那我们来点咖啡吧.

There you are!I knew we should find iot at last.

对吧!我就知道我们一定能找到的.

4>You must be very tired.

[用法]这是一种推测,表示"一准是","一定是"

[注意]否定式为can t be

5>We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London.

all the way

[用法]从远道;一路上

[举例]He was so happy that he sang all the way home.

6>You don t need to ask,just make yourself at home.

need

[用法]n. 需要;要求(+of/for)/+to-v

vt. 需要,有...必要

v.aux. (多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须

[举例]We have no need to be afraid of them.

我们不必怕他们。

The garden needs watering.

花园该浇水了。(说明:该用法相当于need to be done)

7>Is there anything that isn t clear to you?

[解释]本句中包含定语从句的一种特别情况,即当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词最好使用that.

8>Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class.

Make up

[用法]1. 补足 2. 编造 3. 组成

[举例]The whole story is made up.

整个故事完全是虚构出来的。

The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.

医疗队由十二名医生组成。

act ... out

[用法]1. 把...表演出来 2. 把...付诸行动

[举例]We roared when Mary acted out the episode.

当玛丽绘声绘色地描述那件事时,我们哄然大笑起来。

They are determined to act out their ideal.

她们决心把自己的理想变成行动。

9>What do you mean by...?

[解释]本句意为"你说(做)...什么意思?"这里的介词需要注意.

2.reading

1>There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.

majority

[用法]n. 多数,过半数,大多数

[举例]The majority were on Ben s side.

大多数人都站在本的一边。

The majority of boys like football and basketball.

2>An equal number of people learn English as a second language.

a number of

[用法] 很多,后接复数名词,谓语动词亦为复数.

[比较]The number of students absent is five.

有五名学生缺席。

3>The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.

the number of

[用法]后接复数名词,谓语动词为单数

4>In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong.

except for

[用法]1.除了...以外 2. 要不是由于

[举例]The composition is quite good except for the spelling.

这篇文章除了拼写以外,其他都不错。

I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg.

要不是因为我腿断了,我想与你一起去参加聚会。

[说明]关于except for和except的用法区别,本栏目有详细解答.搜索可得.

5>English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.

develop

[用法]vt.1. 使成长;使发展 2. 开发 3. 逐渐产生;逐渐养成; 5.使显影,冲洗(底片)

vi.1. 生长;成长;形成 2. 进步;进化 3. 发展

[举例]Swimming develops the muscles.

游泳能使肌肉发达。

The builders are developing that part of the city.

建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。

6>You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.

communicate

[用法]vt.1. 传达;传递;传播(+to)

vi.1. 交流思想(或感情,信息等);交际,交往(+with) 2. 通讯,通话(+with)

[举例]Did she communicate my wishes to you?

她有没有把我的祝福转告你?

We learn a language in order to communicate.

我们学习语言是为了交流思想。

He had no way to communicate with his brother.

他没有办法与他兄弟联系。

7>With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

With so many people communicating

[用法]此为with的复合结构,现在分词(宾补)和people之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.

关于with复合结构,论坛有详解,欢迎前往查看.

have a knowledge of

[用法]对...有所了解

8>In which countries do we find most native speakers of English?

native

[用法]a.1. 天生的 2. 出生地的,祖国的,家乡的 3. 本土的,本国的,土生的 4. (某地)特有的,原产的

n.1. 本地人,本国人 2. (某地)原有的动(植)物

[举例]They are native speakers of English.

他们的母语是英语。

He has been away from his native Poland for three years.

他离开故土波兰已有三年了。

9>The young father told his children to stand still.

stand still

[用法]站在那儿一动不动,stand意为处于某种状态,也有人认为这是一种双重谓语结构.

10>Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight.

leave...open

[用法]leave意为听任,使处于某种状态

[举例]He left the windows open.

他让窗子开着。

He will never leave a job unfinished.

他干什么事从来没有不干完的.

11>turn down the radio.

turn down

[用法]关小(音量等);拒绝

[举例]You d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping.

His proposal was turned down.

他的提议被拒绝了。

12>Don t stay up too late.

stay up

[用法]熬夜,不去睡觉

[举例]She stayed up reading until midnight.

她看书看到半夜才睡。

3.integrating skills

1>How did the difference come about?

come about

[用法]发生

[举例]How did this come about?

这事是怎么发生的?

2>There is no quick answer to the question.

[注意]问题的答案,介词常用to

3>In 1776 America became an independent country.

independent

[用法]a.1. 独立的,自治的,自主的(+of) 2. 有独立心的;自立的(+of)

[举例]Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950 s.

非洲许多殖民地在二十世纪五十年代成了独立国家。

My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent.

我的哥哥姐姐已从家里搬了出去,现在都自立了。

4>For a long time the language in America stayed the same.

stay the same

[用法]stay意为"继续,保持",连系动词

[举例]I hope the weather will stay fine.

我希望天气能持续放晴。

5>British and American English started borrowing words from other language,ending up with fifferent words.

end up with

[用法]以...为结局;结果会...

[举例]It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities.

嘲笑残疾人是不对的.也许有一天你也会成为有残疾的人.

6>Except for these difference in spelling,written English is more or less the same.

more or less

[用法]或多或少,有点儿;大约

[举例]His explanation was more or less helpful.

他的解释多少有些帮助。

7>However,most of the time people from the tow countries don t have difficulty in understaning each other.

have difficulty in understaning

[用法]做什么有困难,difficulty可用trouble替代,这里均用作不可数名词

[举例]I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.

我和他取得联系没有什么困难。

8>American English has changed over the centuries.

over

[用法]在...期间

[举例]My grandchildren will stay over Christmas.

我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。

9>They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language.

bring in

[用法]产生(利润、进息、收入);进口;引进

[举例]In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year.

在美国,流行歌手每年可以有数百万的收入.

When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas.

我们在引进新技术的同时,同样引入了新的观念.

4>workbook

1>Hi,long time no see.

[用法]好久不见了.口语用法.

2>It s been nice talking to you.Bye.

[用法]also It s nice talking to you or It s nice to talk to you

[注意]前者多见于分手时使用.后者见面也可以使用.

3>She tole him to shut up.

shut up

[用法]】(使)住口

[举例]Will you children shut up?! I can t concentrate on my work.

孩子们可以请你们闭嘴吗?我没法子专心工作。

Can t you shut your friend up?

你不能叫你朋友闭嘴吗?

4>He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed.

a little bit

[用法]有点;有几分

[举例]You d better speak a little bit slowlier so that you can make yourself understood.

你最好说慢点,这样别人可以听懂你的意思.

你的建议很有效。

5>He has married a Chinese girl.

marry

[用法]vt. 娶;嫁,和...结婚 vi. 结婚

[举例]He is going to marry Jane.

他将与简结婚。

[注意]和某人结婚多长时间了,即表示状态要用be married (to)

6>I wish we could see each other more often,but that s too difficult.

wish

[用法]wish后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,其构成取决于时间

[举例]I wish (that) I had never met her.

我要是没遇见过她就好了。(对过去而言)

7>Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian.

not only...but also...

[用法]not only...but also...在连接句子时,not only后面的句子要使用倒装结构.

另外,but also有时仅用but或also或but...too或but...also或but...as well

8>I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian.

as many as

[用法]和...一样多(复数相关)

[举例]You may take as many as you want.

你要多少就可拿多少。

9>Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century.

in the name of

[用法] 以...的名义

[举例]Stop doing that, in the name of God!

看在上帝的分上,别干了!