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作者：丁楠 姜经志
宾语从句是用来充当宾语成分的句子。其构成为"引导词+主语+谓语+其它"，其语序是陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的连接词很多，多有实在意义，称为有意连词；that也可以引导宾语从句，但本身没有实在意义，称为无意连词。
[第一关] 情境关
that引导的宾语从句可以作动词、形容词等的宾语。主句中常见的谓语动词有say, know, hear, see, hope, think, believe, write, tell等。系动词加形容词afraid, worried, sure等后，也可用that引导的宾语从句。
如：I hope that he will come back soon. 我希望他能快点回来。
I am sure that he will write to me. 我相信他会给我写信。
I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. 恐怕如果你把它弄丢了，就得照价赔偿。
[第二关] 引导词that省略关
在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不作句子成分, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常可省略,省略之后不影响原句性质和意义。
如：She said (that) she would leave the book on his desk.她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。
但是，在下列情况下，that不宜省略：
1. 主从句之间有插入语时。如：It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的。
2. 从句中的主语是that时。如：He thought that that was a washing machine.他认为那是一台洗衣机。
3. 若出现两个或两个以上的that宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连接词that可以省去，其余需保留。如：My aunt said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her daughter. 我姑姑说她要来，还要带她的女儿来。
[第三关] that宾语从句时态关
由that引导的宾语从句中的时态，通常分三种情况：若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据具体情况选用时态；若主句是过去时，从句一般用相应的过去时态；若从句表示的是客观真理、名言、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句限制。
如： I think that he moved to Beijing five years ago.我想他是五年前搬到北京的。
He told me that he worked in that factory.他告诉我他在那个工厂上班。
The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 老师说光的传播速度比声音快得多。
[第四关] 否定转移关
主句若是I/We think (believe, guess, suppose, imagine...)时，后面的宾语从句若要表示否定概念时，一般应将否定词not 转移到主句的谓语中。
如：I don't think (that) you are right. 我认为你不对。
[第五关] 反意疑问句关
含that宾语从句的复合句在变成反意疑问句时，如果主句的谓语动词为think，believe, guess, suppose, imagine等且主语是第一人称时，附加疑问部分要由从句决定；反之，附加疑问部分由主句决定。
如：I don't think that he can answer this question, can he?我认为他答不出这个问题，不是吗？
He said that Mary liked playing football, didn't he?他说玛莉喜欢踢足球，不是吗？