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浅谈“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”
be about to do when及still用法讲解
本单元要点解答
Struggle to its feet
分析frighten的用法
bent用法讲解
agree的用法
attract one's attention用法讲解
enough
be about to的用法
浅谈“have + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”
have 作为使役动词，意为“使”、“让C、“叫”，后跟复合宾语，即宾语＋宾语补足语，其用法有以下几种：
1．have sb．／sth．doing
现在分词作宾补，与宾语形成逻辑上的主谓关系，而且这种动作往往具有持续、进行的含义。如：
The two men had their lights burning all night long．那两个人让灯通宵亮着。
They tried to have her talking．But no use．他们想让她说话。但没用。
I have a car waiting for me．有辆汽车在等我。
另外，还可用句型 won't／can't＋have ＋sb．＋doing sth．，表示不允许或禁止。如：
I won't have you smoking at your age．我不允许你在你这个年龄就吸烟。
I can't have them wasting their time in this way．我不允许他们这样浪费时间。
I can't have you catching cold．Run and change your wet clothes．我不能让你着凉。快去把湿衣服换掉。
2．have sb．do sth．
省略 to 的不定式作宾补，与宾语之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作。如：
Mother had me post the letter at once．妈妈要我立即将信寄出去。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father．士兵让这男孩背对父亲站着。
Have the driver bring the car round at 4 o'clock．让司机四点钟把车开过来。
We'd be delighted to have you work with us．我们很高兴你和我们一道工作。
3．have sth．done
过去分词作宾补，与宾语形成逻辑上的动宾关系。这一结构及其用法已在本报第16期进行了讲解，这里不再赘述。
4．have 作使役动词，除了可以接以上三种常见的复合宾语外，也可接形容词、副词或介词短语作宾补。如：
I want to have my room clean and tidy．我想使我的房间清洁、整齐。
It's sunny today．You'd better have your flowers out．今天天气晴朗，你最好把你的花搬到外面去。
He'll have the sofa in this room．他要把沙发放在这个房间里。
注意：如 have 作“有”讲，则其宾语后可接带 to 的不定式作定语。如：
I have a composition to write，so I can'tgo swimming．我有一篇作文要写，因此我不能去游泳了。
be about to do when及still用法讲解
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本单元要点解答
1．I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank．我建议我们一起去商店买一个精致的鱼缸。
【问】suggest后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语一定要用虚拟语气吗？
【答】不一定。一般来说，suggest后从句谓语的语气是由它所表示的含义决定的。当sug- gest作“建议”解时，后面宾语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即用should加动词原形，或省去 should，只用动词原形。但是，当suggest作“认为，指出，暗示，表明”解时，后面宾语从句的谓语应当采用陈述语气。例如：
I suggested that he（should）leave early．我建议他早点动身。
His failure in the exam suggested that he had not worked hard enough．他考试没及格表明他学习还不够努力。
2．Check the prices before you decide whether to buy one．要先看好价钱，然后再决定买不买。
【问】whether to buy one 是什么结构？其中的whether能否用 if 替换？
【答】句中的 whether to buy one 是“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作及物动词decide的宾语。 whether作“是否”讲，用在这种结构中时，不能用if代替（不说：if to buy one）。又如：
He wanted to know whether to phone her．他想知道是否给她打电话。（不能说：．．．know if to phone her．）
3．The hurricane last night had been a great surprise．．．昨晚的飓风来得太突然……
【问】句中的 surprise 究竟是不可数名词还是可数名词？
【答】英语中的抽象名词一般是不可数的，但有些既可数又不可数。这里的 surprise 就是一个例子。surprise 作“惊讶”解时，是不可数名词；作“令人惊讶（或惊奇）的事”解时，又是可数名词。这时，它前面可加不定冠词，有时还可以用复数形式。例如：
To our surprise，Dick's dog stood up and walked on its hind legs．使我们惊讶的是，狄克的狗站立起来，并且用后腿走路。
His success was a great surprise．他的成功是令人十分惊讶的事情。
Her life was full of surprises．她的一生充满惊奇事件。
由此可见，所问句子中的 surprise 应该是可数名词。
表示情绪、心态的抽象名词可以这样用的还有： joy，pity，anxiety，pleasure 等。
4．She was just about to open the window and shout at the dog to frighten it，when she stopped and stood quite still．她正准备打开窗户，大声吓唬那条狗。这时，她突然停住了，站着一动也不动。
【问】这儿的 when 可用 while 替换吗？怎样理解句中的 stood quite still？
【答】句中的 when 不可以用 while 替换。when 在此处的意思是“这时（突然）”、“就在这个（那个）时候”（＝and then，and at that time）；它起连词的作用，连接两个分句。这种用法的 when 常见于以下三种情况：
I was thinking of this when I heard my name called．
我正想着这件事，突然听到（有人）叫我的名字。
We were about to start when it began to rain．我们正要动身，就在这时下起雨来了。
We had just fallen asleep when the bell rang．我们刚刚入睡，突然铃声响了起来。
stood quite still中的 stood 是连系动词，后跟形容词still（静止的，不出声的）作表语。除 stand 外，还有 sit，lie 等动词也可以用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，说明句子的主语处于某种状态。例如：
After a moment，the lion fell over and lay still．不一会儿，狮子就倒在地上，一动也不动了。
Disney sat still in the garage and drew pictures there．迪斯尼静静地坐在车库里画画儿。
5．“We've just sent her to sleep，” said the keeper．饲养员说：“我们只是让她睡觉。”
【问】这里的 sleep 我想是动词吧。是不是？
【答】不是。它是名词，因为前面的 to 是介词；send sb．to sth．表示“使某人进入某种状态”。又如：
The warm sun sends me to sleep．暖暖的太阳催我入睡。
If you don't tell the climber of the danger，you may have sent him to his death．如果你不把危险告诉登山者，你会让他送命的。
另外，send sth．（sb．）doing 表示“使……不由自主地……”。如：
That the bus moved suddenly sent me falling back to the ground．公共汽车突然开动使我往后倒在地上。
The explosion sent glass flying everywhere．爆炸使玻璃四处纷飞。
Struggle to its feet
分析frighten的用法
frighten v.
①使某人感到恐惧，使害怕
Sorry, I didn't mean to frighten you.
Loud traffic frightens horses.
②惊吓某人，使某人恐怖或惊愕
The children was frightened to death by the violent thunderstorm.
You frightened me out of my life by knocking on the window like that.
③吓得某人做某事 frighten sb. into doing
News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors.
④其形容词frightened意为恐惧的，害怕的;frightening，引起恐惧的，惊恐的
Frightened children were calling for their mothers.
He looked very frightened as he spoke.
It is frightening even to think of the horrors of nuclear war.
bent用法讲解
agree的用法
同意，赞同，后可接with, to, on
agree with与某人意见一致，多接人或指气候、食物适合某人或指一物与另一物相符。
The professor agrees with what his students have said.
The climate here doesn't agree with Xiao Wang.
His stories agree with hers in everything.
agree to后接具体表建议、计划、安排办法意见之类的名词。
The patient doesn't agree to the doctor's plan.
All the pupils agree to our teacher's proposal.
agree on 就......取得一致意见
All the members agreed on the date of the next meeting.
Most of the workers agree on the plan of work.
attract one's attention用法讲解
enough
enough
①n.足够，充足，后常接for短语或动词不定式，还可接of短语，of后接名词或代词，接名词时，名词前必须有限定词。
Enough has been said on how to do it.
He has had enough to eat.
He was enough of a fool to do that.
②adj.充足的，足够的，可修饰不可数名词或可数复数名词，可前置也可后置。
We have enough time to finish the work.
There are seats enough for the people coming to the meeting.
③adv.充足地，足够地，十分；修饰形容词、副词、动词，必须后置
The book is easy for me to read.
He knows well enough what I mean.
be about to的用法
正准备做某事，即将做某事，通常与when连用，表示就要......突然......
I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
He was about to tell me the secret when she came back.
而句型be doing...when表示正在......突然......
I was going on my way home when I heard a call from behind.
The teacher was just beginning the lesson when the door opened.