作者：邱世才
"情景对话"题无论在我们平时练习中还是测试中都是一个很重要的题型。许多同学对这种题型感到束手无策。今天我们就来谈谈这种题型的解法。总的来说,我们在做题时应遵循以下"四要":
一、注意东西方文化上的差异
1. -Your dress is just wonderful!
-_______
A. You are right, thank you.
B. Thank you, and you?
C. No, no, yours is better.
D. Thank you. I'm glad to hear that.
【剖析】本题就涉及到东、西方文化的差异。对于他人的赞美,我们中国人认为谦虚就是一种美德,凡事先要自谦一番,所以不少同学会选择C项。而英美人非常讲究自重自信,受人夸奖、赞美时,用"It's kind of you to say so."或"Thank you."来表示感谢。细读其它三项,只有D项才是很得体的、自信的回答。
2. When you first meet an English man, it is not polite to ask, "_______?"
A. How are you B. How old are you
C. How do you do
D. What's your name, please
【剖析】不同的民族有不同的思维方式,从而产生了各自在文化交流上的差异。在英美等国家,向某人询问婚姻状况、年龄、工资收入等,都被认为是失礼,甚至是粗鲁的行为。他们认为这些是个人隐私,不用别人过问、打听。故选B。
二、注意习惯表达法的应用
1. -May I speak to Mr Green, please?
-________
A. This is Mr Green speaking.
B. Yes, I am.
C. Do you know him?
D. I'm speaking.
【剖析】这是考查打电话的用语。打电话问对方是谁,不说"Who are you?"而要用"Who's that?"或"Is that +姓名?";回答对方或自我介绍,不用"I'm..."或"My name is..."而用"This is +姓名"。打电话时,习惯用this指代自我,that指代对方。故选A。
2. -Thank you very much for lending it to me.
-_______.
A. Yes B. Don't thank me
C. No, thanks D. You're welcome
【剖析】由于受汉语的影响,有些同学会误选A、B、C项。根据英美人的语言习惯可知正确答案是D项。回答对方感谢的话,除了"You're welcome. "外,还有 "That's all right." / "It's a pleasure." / "Don't mention it."
三、 注意依"景"确定表达式
1. -________?
-Yes, I'm looking for a pen.
A. Can I help you
B. What are you doing
C. What do you want to buy
D. What do you like
【剖析】解"情景对话"题时要把握英文中的文明得体的礼貌用语。如在服务行业中,汉语常以"你想要什么?",而英语常用What can I do for you? 或Can I help you?向顾客提供服务。故此题选A。
2. -________?
- Yes, but a bit cold.
A. Hot weather, isn't it
B. Cold weather, isn't it
C. A nice day, isn't it
D. Bad weather, don't you think so
【剖析】本题涉及到"谈论天气"。A、B、D项均与答语中的but意思前后矛盾。C项作为问句,答语变得合情合理,即"是好天气,但有点儿冷",前后转折关系明确。
四、 注意"答"与"问"的一致
1. -What's the man in the hat?
-________.
A. He's my teacher
B. He is a driver
C. He is forty D. He is Li Ming
【剖析】What's the man? 此句型是针对某人的职业或身份询问的,表示"......是干什么的?"此句相当于What does the man do? 故选B。
2. -What's the date today?
-________.
A. It's Thursday B. It's a fine day
C. I'm 16 D. The third, I think
【剖析】此题涉及"date"。A项是问星期,与date无关,应排除;B项是问天气的,与date无关;C项的答语是回答年龄的;D项与答语相一致,所以是正确答案。