参考教案 教学参考资料
教学参考资料（Reference for teaching）
补充注释（Additional notes）
1．乘坐何种交通工具的表达法，除了 by bike/bus/ car/ jeep/ train/ boat/ ship/ plane外，还有 by land（陆路）， by river （水路）， by sea （海路）和 by air（航空）。这些仅要求理解。
2．名词foot的复数feet是通过元音字母的变化构成的，复习其他名词复数的不规则变化：man-men，woman-women，child-children。
3．本单元学习两个转类词：walk由动词转为名词，clean既是形容词，又是动词。让学生联系第一、二单元举出几个转类词来，例如：
answer, thank, work(v. +n.) home (n.+ adv.）
welcome (adj.+ interj. +vt.) one (num. + pron.)
there (adv. + interj.) so (pron. +conj.)
4．fifth （第五）是将基数词five的后两个字母ve改为f，再加上后缀-th构成的。
eighth（第八）因为基数词 eight的最后一个字母是 t，加后缀-th时，只加 h。
5．parent常用复数 parents，意思“双亲”、“父母亲”（father and mother），用单数要有上下文，如：
To have good children one must be a good parent．要有好孩子，你必须是个好母亲或好父亲。
6． And the air today is nice and clean．而且今天的空气很清新。
在口语中，连词and可放句首，表示说话者要说的另外一件事，起承上启下的作用。nice and在口语中表示“非常……，实在……”的意思。
参考教案 Unit 2 How do you come to school 教学建议 示例三
教学建议（Suggested teaching notes）
一、教学内容分析
（一）教学运用某种交通工具去某地的表达法：by bike/bus/car/train/ship/plane/以及问答。
How do you/does he（she） come to school/go to work/go home/…？
How many come/go to school on foot?
I come to school/go to work/go home by…
I walk to school. 或 I come/go to school on foot.
（二）教学定冠词在世界上独一无二的事物前的用法。如：the sun, the moon, the land, the sea.
（三）复习一般现在时态：它与 often, usually 和 sometimes 连用以及它与现在进行时态的区别。
（四）教学浊辅音[{]： usually[>ju:{u+li]。
（五）教学拼读规则：元音字母e及其组合ea和ee读[i:]；元音字母i读[i]和[i:]；非重读音节中的元音字母a, e, o和字母组合er和o(u)r读[+]。
二、教学方法建议
（一）口语训练
运用实物（如玩具）、课本上的插图、教学挂图、图片、闪视卡片 （flash-cards, 一面为图画、另一面为单词）、简笔画（参见《教学简笔画第二册》第25、26页）或投影片教学本单元的生词： moon, sun, land, sea, ship, train, foot（feet）, workbook, by. 可用动作教动词walk, 并联系教学名词 walk。可用汉语教学 air, usually(=most often)，用构词法知识教学 another（合成： an + other）, fifth和 eighth（派生：+后缀th）, clean（转类） 及fine（转义）。
利用书前第2页彩图 Shopping Game, 复习 Is/Are there…？及其答语 Yes, there is/are. 或 No, there isn't/aren't any. 然后操练下列对话：
A：What can you see in the picture? (Is/Are there any…？)
B：I can see…(Yes, there is/are. 或 NO,…)
A： How many…can you see in the picture?
B：I can see…
或 A：How many… are there in the picture?（L. 8）
B：There are/is…
替换词：bag, box, basket, room, house, shop, train, ship, …
替换词组： on the desk/table/bed/…；under the chair/…； behind the door/house/…
学习介词 by后，立刻联系交通工具的名称，学习介词词组 by bike/bus/car/jeep/train/boat/ship/plane以及 on foot. 接着进行对话操练。除了练习 How do you come to school/go home/…？及其答语 By bike/bus/…/on foot. 外，还可增加问答如下：
A：DO you often/sometimes go to the park/zoo/…/go to see your grandparents/…？
B：Yes, I do.(No, I don't.)
A：How do you usually go there/go to the to their house/…?
B： I usually go there on foot/by bus/…
回答时，可加 but sometimes…。如：I usually go there on foot/walk there. but sometimes I go by bus. 将主语改为 he/she/Mr Li/Wei Ping/…, 以操练动词的第三人称单数形式。还可用 How do you like…? 的句型，结合有关 fruit, drink, meat, colours, sports以及 doing sth. 等词汇进行对话练习如下：
Choose any answer：
Very much.
A little.
A lot.
…don't…at all.
…doesn't…at all.
How do you like pears/tea/fish/…?
How does Mrs Smith like working in China/Chinese food/…?
How does your father like shopping/watching TV/…?
How does her friend like cooking/playing football/…?
How do his friends like swimming/doing housework/…?
还可以用 How many…？来操练：
A：How many students come to school on foot？
B：Fifteen.
如不用名词而用代词，要用介词词组 of you/them：
A：How many of you/them go home by bus/bike/…?
B：Twenty-one(of us/them).
练习册中第6课练习1，第7课练习1和第8课练习3都可结合上述有关口语练习，在课堂上加以利用。
听力训练除注意听课堂师生英语和教学录音带外，必须按时做好本单元的听力练习 How do the six children come to school?
（二）阅读训练
和上个单元一样，本单元的阅读材料仍为对话：第7课第1部分两位教师的对话以及第8课第2部分看了图表后问答。第7课的对话教学方法也与第一单元的相同：先听后读再说。学生先不看书，教师提出几个问题。然后带着问题听教学录音带上的这段对话或教师和某个学生的朗读，可听两遍，让学生回答上述问题。然后打开书本，边看对话，边听录音。听第二遍时，可跟着朗读。接着两人小组对话，最后叫出几对学生进行表演。
第8课第二部分提供阅读的材料不是一段语篇，而是一个图表，学生需要思考方可看懂。教师可先用英语解释 N=48；N stands for the(total) number of students in Class 2. （参见第8课注释1。）接着说明圆周表示48；半圆上写的是 on foot，指12个学生步行到校。这样乘自行车（全班的四分之一）、乘公共汽车和汽车到校的学生数就看得出来了。教师先问 How many students usually come to school on foot？找一学生回答。接着让学生来问答。先在全班示范，然后两人小组活动，使每个学生都有开口的机会。如果有可能，还可设计不同的比例图，让学生开展问答，这是一种具有交际性的活动。
与本单元同步的《阅读训练》第二单元（第5-8页）是一则长195个词的幽默故事 A woman and a duck。给学生4分钟默读，2分钟听录音，2分钟做填空练习（第8页）。还可让学生按故事内容编小品并表演。
（三）笔头练习
练习册第5课练习2冠词填空可在课堂上口头做，第1、3、5、7句布置为家庭作业（抄写全句并填好空）。练习3为同音词的归纳，在堂上先笔写，然后口头检查。个别学生上黑板写，可当堂订正。让学生再说出一二个来：[w#+] where，wear。
学完第6课的生词后，让学生把学过的交通工具写在练习本上，叫二三个学生到黑板上写：ship，boat，train，plane，car，jeep，bus，bike。练习册第6课练习1是口笔头综合的信息交流练习，可以三人或四人小组方式进行，一面问答，一面笔记，填入表格；既训练听说能力，又学习记笔记。要抽点时间在堂上做，教师在旁指导。练习3是笔头练习，要求结合本课重点，用英语描写某个同学，至少写6句。例如：Wang Ping usually comes to school by bike. She gets to school early every day. She doesn't like to be late. Her home is far away, so she has lunch at school. In the afternoon she often plays games after school and gets home after 5：00 by bike. In the evening she usually does her home- work. She often watches TV，but sometimes she reads. She works hard all day. 可在堂上口头做后，课后笔头完成。
教科书第7课的第3部分 Ask and answer 和练习册第7课练习1 Make a survey 合在一起进行。边口问，边举手统计，将数字填入表格，不写阿拉伯数字，而写数词。要求学生在练习本上画出表格，边听边填写，练习笔记能力。练习3是介词填空练习，可在课上先笔头做，让学生边看边填空。然后口头做，让学生订正。布置第2、6、10、11句为家庭作业。练习2可移到教学第8课时做。
练习册第8课练习3仍是口笔头综合练习，做法同前。可以利用练习册第7课练习2来复习一般现在时态和现在进行时态。要求学生在一般现在时态的句子里加上时间状语，如 every day，on Saturday，after School 等。可口头做后，当堂笔写3句，余下4句为家庭作业。练习4为组成问句练习。由学生先当堂笔头写在练习本上，课堂口头检查订正。也可布置为家庭作业。学完第二单元的4课后，可以给学生一次笔头小测验：听写并填空。题目见英语分课教学步骤第8课第6步 Test。朗读时将空白____读成 Blank。
（四）语音教学
从教科书第8课第1部分 Word families和练习册第8课练习1和2可以看出本单元的语音内容是哪些字母和字母组合读[i:]以及在不重读音节中元音字母 a，e，o和字母组合er和o（u）r 读[+]。还有长元音[i:]和短元音[i]的区别。在教学sea，clean时，可让学生说出学过的带 ea 读[i:]的词，如tea，eat，read，team，cheap，speak，teach，leave，please等，还可在黑板上写出几个运用这条拼读规则能读出来的生词，如 beat，dean，heap，lead，meal，peak，reach等，让学生拼读，以巩固ea读[i:]这条拼读规则。顺便指出ea还可读[e]，如 bread，heavy，sweater等。同时做第8课练习1。
至于ee读[i:] 的拼读规则，可先让学生补充举例，如 tree，three，jeep，meet，green，feet等。我们再加上生词deed，feel，keen，peep，reef，seek等，由学生拼读。
在做练习册第8课练习2区别[i:]和[i]时，可以利用上述例词，增编比较练习如下：
（五）其他活动 配合本单元第5课学习对话 What can you see in the picture？ I cansee…，可以玩游戏 I can see。具体做法：教师先带领学生做。自己看好教室里一样东西（如：门 door），告诉学生这个词的第一个字母：I can see something and the first letter is D.让学生猜 Can you see a desk/dress/doll/door？如没有猜对，你用 No， I can't．回答，直到猜对了，你答： Yes，I can. 接着由猜对的学生来领做这个游戏。
参考教案 Unit 2 How do you come to school 教学步骤 Lesson 5 示例三
教学步骤（Teaching steps）
Lesson 5
Note：When teaching new words, it's a good idea to remind the Ss of the spelling rules they know. For example, refer to food, soon, afternoon while teaching moon; refer to other, mother, brother while teaching another. This should be made a constant feature in your teaching of new words.
Step 1 Revision
Revise Is/Are there…？by asking about items in the classroom： Is there a blackboard in this room? Are there any cats/flowers/pictures in this room? Help the Ss to answer Yes, there is. No, there aren't any. etc. You can make the questions more difficult by using adjectives(e. g. Are there any green walls in this room?) Get the Ss to ask and answer in pairs.
Step 2 Presentation
Write on the board, Lesson Five, the fifth lesson. Say Turn to page 5. Let's learn the fifth lesson. Repeat the word fifth.
Teach the sun, the moon, the land, these a and a ship, using flash cards or pictures on the Bb or the picture on page 5 of the SB. Explain in Chinese that the is used for unique natural elements, such as the sun and the moon. Practise this dialogue with the Ss, using different flash cards：
A：(holding a flash card of the sun) What can you see in this picture?
B：I can see the sun.
Get a student to play A, asking other Ss What can you see?
Step 3 Learn
SB page 5, Part 1. Read through the vocabulary in Part 1. Ss listen and repeat. Explain that another is an + other. Give more examples, using classroom objects (Here's an English book, and here's another one）. Get Ss to make up examples.
Step 4 Ask and answer
SB page 5 Part 2 and Part 3. Ask some individual Ss， then let the Ss work in pairs. Then books closed! Ask Is/Are there…?
Are there any birds in the picture? How many… can you see? etc.
Step 5 Game
The I can see game. Tell the Ss that you are thinking of a classroom object.
They must guess what it is. Say I can see something and the first letter is P. The Ss guess Can you see a pen? Can you see a piece of paper? Answer No, I can't until they guess the right answer： Can you see a pencil? -Yes, I can! The student who guesses must think of the next item and say I can see something and the first letter is…This game can be played in pairs or in groups.
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 5, Exx.1-3.
Ex. 1 may be done orally in pairs.
Ex. 2 is a written exercise. (The answers are： 1 the, the, the： 2 an, a; 3a, a, the; 4 the; 5 an, a; 6 A, the; 7 a, the; 8 a, a, The, a, The, a. If necessary, briefly review the rules for choosing the correct article.
Ex. 3 can be done orally, with the answers being collected on the Bb. There are a number of alternative spellings：
sea, see; meet, meat; son, sun; bye, buy; no, know; write, right; four, for; two, to; hi, high.
Homework
Learn the new words in this lesson.
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
参考教案 Unit 2 How do you come to school 教学步骤 Lesson 6 示例三
Lesson 6
Note：Ordinal numbers (such as sixth) can be taught in the same way as in the previous lessons. Tell Ss that most of them are formed by adding th after corresponding cardinal numbers.
Step 1 Revision
1 Revise, using flash cards, the new words learnt in Lesson 5.
2 Play the I can see game, as in Lesson 5,Step 5.
Step 2 Presentation
Draw a picture of a school on the Bb.
Show a flash card or picture of a bus and say Jim comes to school by bus.
Ss listen and repeat. Teach by bike/car and on foot in the same way. Explain that on is used with foot because people walk on their feet! Note that travel phrases like these have no articles or plurals.
Introduce the word usually. Say Jim usually comes to school by bus, etc. Pay attention to the pronunciation of usually/'ju:{u+li/.
Step 3 Drill
Show a flashcard and mention a mention a person, like this：
T：(holding a flashcard of a bike) Bill
Ss：Bill usually comes to school by bike.
T：I
Ss：I usually come to school by bike.
T：(holding a flashcard of a pair of feet) Ann
Ss：Ann usually comes to school on foot.
(You could also accept Ann usually walks to school).
Step 4 Practice
SB page 6, Part 1.Speech Cassette Lesson 6.
Listen to the tape and repeat. Practise the dialogue. Then pairwork： get the Ss to make a dialogue for each picture, using the one in the book as a model.
Ask some pairs to act out their dialogues.
Step 5 Ask and answer
SB page 6, Part 2. Ask some individual Ss the question as a model. Then Ss ask their partners the same question in pairs. Finally ask some Ss to report their answers to the class, e.g. My friend comes from Sydney, Australia. His family go home every year by plane.
Step 6 Listening
Wb Lesson 6, Ex. 2. Listening Cassette Lesson6. Ask the Ss How do the six children come to school? Play the tape two or three times, if necessary, for the Ss to find the answers.
Listening text
JIM：Hi, Li Lei! How are you today?
LI LFI：Fine, thanks! Jim, how do you come to School?
JIM：Oh, I usually walk. What about you? How do you come to school?
LI LEI：Oh, I come by bike.
JIM：Do you come with Wei Hua?
LI LEI：No, she comes by bus.
JIM：Oh! Does Wei Hua come to school with Han Meimei?
LI LEI：Oh no! Wei Hua doesn't come with Han Meimei. Han Meimei usually comes by train.
JIM：What about the twins?
LI LEI：Oh, they usually come with their father. They come in their father's car.
(Answers： Jim-walk/on foot; Li Lei-by bike；Wei Hua-by bus; Han Meimei-by train; the twins-by car）
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 6, Ex. 3,
Ss should write at least 6 sentences about one of their friends, e.g. Liu Ying usually comes to school by bike. She gets to school early every day, etc. If you think this exercise is difficult, do it orally in class first. Then the Ss can do it for homework.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Learn the new words in this lesson.
参考教案 Unit 2 How do you come to school 教学步骤 Lesson 7 示例三
Lesson 7
Step 1 Revision
Write on the board： Lesson Seven, the＿lesson. Ask Who can write the right word?（seventh）. Get a student to write it on the board in the blank. Revise by bus/car/bike, on foot, etc, by using flashcards. Ask individual Ss How do you usually come to school?
Step 2 Presentation
Tell the Ss Miss Gao usually comes to school by bike, but sometimes she comes by bus. Show the meaning of sometimes by writing the days of the school week on the Bb. For Monday to Friday write by bike, and for Saturday write by bus. Practise the but sometimes structure with other examples, then get the Ss to make up sentences about themselves.
Step 3 Read and act
SB page 7, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 7. Books closed! Ask IS it a nice day? Let the Ss listen to the dialogue to find the answer. Ask a number of comprehension questions： How does Mr Wu usually come to school? What is wrong with his bike? etc. Books open! Play the tape again. Ss listen and repeat, then practisein pairs. Point out the short form Morning is less formal than Good morning.
Note the negative form of Don't you usually come to school by bike? shows surprise.
The answer Yes, I do. is short for Yes, I usually come to school by bike. Get some Ss to act out the dialogue. See if they can do it from memory, only using their books for reference when they forget the words.
Step 4 Ask and answer
SB page 7, Part 2. Discuss each picture with the class, then get the Ss to ask and answer in pairs, for example, How does Mr Green/ Mr Wu/Miss Gao go to work? Check the answers in random order.
Step 5 Survey
SB page 7, Part 3. Group work. Ask the Ss How many students in your group come to school on foot/by bike/bus/car? Get each group to report its answers. Write the results in figures on the Bb. Then ask How many students in the class come on foot? Ss work out the answer from the figures on the Bb. They write the answers in Wb Lesson 7, Ex. 1. Ask the Ss to spell out the numbers in English.
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 7, Exx. 2 and 3.
Ex. 2 presents a contrast between the Present Continuous (“at the moment”) and the Present Simple (“in the present period of time”）tenses. Do two examples orally with the Ss, then let them write out the sentences. Discuss the answers with the whole class．
For Ex. 3, Ss choose the correct prepositions and fill in the blanks. The answers are:1 at;
2 to, on; 3 in; 4 with; 5 of, on; 6 by, by;
7 behind; 8 with; 9 under; 10 from; 11 by.
Note：Like other exercises, some classes may find this one difficult, Remember the exercise is not intended to be a test. It is intended to practise.
If you think the Ss are likely to make too many mistakes if they do it on their own, do it orally in class first. They can do the sentences for homework. This approach may work well with many exercises in the Workbook.
Homework
Do Ex. 2 in the exercise books. (This may be done orally in class first.)
Revise the new language items in Unit 2 for a test.
参考教案 Unit 2 How do you come to school 教学步骤 Lesson 8 示例三
Lesson 8
Step 1 Revision
Teach eighth in the same way as seventh. (But only one t in eighth!)
Ask a student What time do you usually get up?
Write the answer on the Bb. Get other Ss to ask the student questions in the same way： What time do you usually have supper? What do you usually do on Sunday? etc. Ask the class about this student: What time does he/she usually have supper? etc. Then get the Ss to ask and answer in pairs. Get some pairs to report their answers.
Step 2 Word families
SB page 8, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 8. Get the Ss to listen and repeat. Practise the individual sounds first，then practise the words randomly by showing the Ss a flashcard and ask them to pronounce the word written on it. Make sure that the Ss stress words of two or three syllables correctly (do extra practice if necessary). Draw the Ss' attention to the pronunciation of the letters. In the second group the letters are all pronounced/+/in unstressed syllables.
Do Wb Lesson 8, Ex. I The answers are： bread, night, Chinese, only.
Step 3 Practice
SB page 8, Part 2. Tell the Ss to look at the diagram. Ask How many students are there in the class? (48) . Get an oral answer. Then ask How many students usually come to school on foot? etc. Get individual Ss to ask more questions. Check the answers. The answers are: 24 students come on foot, 12 by bike, 8 by bus and 4 by car.
Step 4 Practice
Revise the results of the survey in Lesson 7.
Get the Ss to work in pairs to produce a diagram showing the results. Ask a pair to draw it on the Bb.
Step 5 Checkpoint 2
Go through Checkpoint 2. Reteach any points that are necessary and ask the Ss to tell you of any problems they have. Revise the forms of the Present Simple Tense and use drills where appropriate.
Step 6 Test
Dictate this short passage and get the Ss to use the correct word where there is a blank(____). Show the Ss where the blanks are by using a gesture. If you think this is too difficult, dictate the whole passage without leaving any blanks. Please see the Foreword, page 10, as how to give a dictation.
I usually* come____ school *____ bike，* but today* I'm____ foot. *My____ is broken. *It doesn't matter. * I like walking. * It's a fine day *____ a walk! * The air is nice* ____clean. (Answers： to, by, on, bike, for, and）
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 8, Exx. 2-4.
Ex.2 helps the Ss practise /i:/and/i/. Teach the word seat before you ask the Ss to read the dialogue in pairs. Play Speech Cassette Lesson8 and get the Ss to listen, and then listen and repeat. Ask Ss to read the dialogue in pairs, paying attention to/i:/and/i/.
For Ex. 3, read through the questions before the Ss ask and answer in pairs. Get some pairs to report their answers.
Ex.4 practises the question form of the Present Simple Tense. Do the first one orally, then get the Ss to write their answers.
Cheek the answers orally.
The answers are: 1 What time do you leave home in the morning? 2 Where does Lucy come from? 3 How many lessons do they have on
Monday？4 How much rice do you want?
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Learn the contents of Checkpoint 2.