Lesson 5
Teaching aims.
1. 通过本单元的学习,让学生认识到吸烟有害健康.
2. 学习运用表示”请求,允许,不允许’’等日常用语.
Step 1 Lead-in
A free talk with the students to review the ways of asking for permission.
1) Can I use your pen/textbook, please?
2) May I close/open the door?
3) Could I have a look at your homework?0
4) Yes, of course.
5) Sure. Go ahead.
Step 2 Dialogue presentation:
Close your books, please. We are going to listen to a dialogue between Wang Bing and Hank. They are in Hank’s office.
I. The first listening:
A, What two things does Wang Bing want to do?
(smoke in the office, use the phone)B
B, Can Wang Bing smoke in the office?
(No. It is not allowed)
C, Can he use the phone?
(Yes, of course.)
II. The second listening:
A, How does Wang Bing ask for permission?
Do you mind if I do…?
Would you mind if did…?
I wonder if could/can…?
B. How does Hank give permission or refuse to give permission?
I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.
I’m afraid all these offices are non-smoking offices.
Sure. Go ahead.
Step III Dialogue Presentation
Situation:
If you want some money for a football ticket, you may ask your parents for permission as well as for money.
--- Hi, mum. There will be a wonderful football match in our city this weekend.
---You know, I’m not interested in it at all.
---Yes. But I mean, would you mind if I went to watch it?
---No.
---Thanks, mum. Would you give me some money for a ticket?
---How much do you need?
---One hundred and fifty.
---That’s too much. I’m afraid I can’t help you.
Step VI. Consolidation
1, Ex.1: Read and act out the dialogue in pairs.
3. Ex.2; Discuss the answers in pairs then check with the whole class. The students are encouraged to give different answers.
4. Ex:3: Get two students to read the model dialogue, then ask the students to make dialogues about the same picture in pairs, using different expressions. Finally ask several pairs to perform their dialogues.
Lesson 6.
Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises, especially WB Lesson 5. Ex. 3.
2. Ask the students to read and act out the dialogue.
3. Practise the drilling in the asking for permission phrases.
Step 2 Presentation
1. Draw a No smoking sign on the blackboard ask some questions:
1) What does this mean?
2) Where can you find this sign?
3) Why is smoking not allowed?
4) Who smoke more in China: men or women?
5) Do you think it is good or bad smoking?
2. Make a note of the students’ answers on the Bb. Teach some key vocabulary, such as a packet of cigarettes, tobacco, habit.
3. Talk about the picture of Part 1. Ask the following questions:
1) What xan you see in the picture? ( Mother, her child and a cigarette.)
2) What the picture mean? ( It means that smoking is bad for the heralth of you family.)
4. Read through the questions on the top of the page. Let the students read the passage quickly to find the answers.
Step 3 Reading
1. Read through Ex.1 with the students and make sure they know what to.
2. Let the students read the passage carefully and note the answers.
3. Disciss the answers with the whole class and deal with any language points that arise.
Step 4 Language point
1. This is because each year millions of smokers die from smoking.
* die from; die of 均可表示＂因．．．而死亡＂指疾病造成的死亡用die of 和die from均可．如：die from/of heart illness, die from/of cancer．Die from还可表示因外部创伤或间接的原因而死．如：die from a wound, die from overwork, die from polluted air. * die of 常指因内部原因造成的死亡，如： 疾病＼饥渴＼年老＼悲伤＼事故等．
* die by 指死于暴力，刀或剑等凶器．如：die by the sword/hanging.
* doe for 为某种事业或目的而死．如：die for one’s country/ the people/ the revolutionary cause.
* die through carelessness 因过失而死
die in poverty 因贫穷而死
* die away 逐渐减弱、消失
* die out 绝迹、灭亡
The noise died away.
This custom has died out in China.
* be dying for 极想得到。。。
She is dying for a piano of her own.
They are dying for a visit to the Great Wall.
* die 后接形容词或名词，表示死时的情况，如: die happy/rich, die a hero.
2. First, money is spent looking after people with illness which have been caused by smoking.
* spend ( time/ money) in doing sth./ on sth.
The children spent the whole afternoon doing their homework.
The teacher spent a whole day correcting the students’ papers.
Lots of money was spent repairing the old houses.
如何区别spend cost take pay? 应从以下几个方面来区别：
1． 搞清楚花费的分别是什么。
2． 其主语分别是什么。
3． 其固定搭配。
4． 特殊的用法。
1） cost 使失去。其后接双宾语，不能用被动语态。
The accident cost him his life.
His carelessness cost him his the first prize.
2) spend = live 度过
He spent his childhood in the countryside.
3) He bought a bike yesterday. They took him 100 yuan for it.
3.The bedclothes catch fire and the whole house may be burnt down.
* catch fire 着火、起火; 有动态的含义；be on fire 有静态的含义。
Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.
The theatre caught fire last night; firefighters were sent immediately.
* set … on fire 使。。。着火，放火烧。。。
He is the very man who set the theatre on fire.
a running fire 连发，连射，一连串的批评指责
between two fires 遭两面夹击
carry fire in one hand and water in the other 口不应心，施展两面手法
fire out ［美］解雇，开除
fire up 生火；突然发怒
go through fire and water赴汤蹈火
hold fire 忍住不表态
make a fire 生火
open fire 开火，开始
play with fire 玩火 He who plays with fire gets burnt.
pull out of the fire 使转败为胜
Soft fire makes sweet malt.文火煮出好麦芽糖；慢工出细活。
* burn down 和burn up均可表示“烧毁、烧掉”，burn down主要指建筑，主语一般是表示事物的名词，burn up可指所有可燃烧的事物，主语可以是人或物。两个短语均可用作及物或不及物。如：
The town was burnt down in 1932 and has since been built.
The building was burnt down and only ashes were left.
A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.
The fire burned up more than 50.000 worth of painting
Let’s burn up all the fallen leaves.
The angry people burnt down the house.
Lots of wooden houses were burnt down in a big fire last night.
４．百分数和分数
* 百分数一般读作pre cent , 在句中作主语、宾语、状语等。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式其后的名词形式．
At present about 48% of the Chinese population smoke.
Seventy per cent of the students in our school are boys.
More than sixty-five percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
They have completed eighty per cent of the work by the end of last month.
The factory produced 20 per cent more cars last year than the year before.
* 分数的表示方法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词．当分子大于１时，分母的序数词要用复数，即＋s ．如：one – fourth, three- fifths, two- thirds, two and three-fifths. 分子与分母间的连字符可有可无，＂四分子一＂可说成：a fourth, on e fourth, one- fourth, a quarter, one quarter; ＂二分子一＂可说成：a half, one half.＂半磅茶＂可说成：half a pound of tea, a half pound of tea.
分数在句中作主语，宾语，定语，状语等，作主语时，谓语的单复数形式取决于分数后的名词是单数还是复数．如：
A quarter of the workers are women.
The thirds of the apple is rotten.
A third of the class are girls. Two-thirds of the money has been used up.
China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.
They wirked there for two and a half years.
China is one sixth larger than the United States.
5．population 的用法
* 常用句型:
What is the population of China?
China has a population of 1.2 billion.
The population of China is 1.2 billion.
* 通常用单数形式，但如果指部分人口，则用复数形式．试比较：
Most of the population there are women.
The farming population of this country remains unchanged.
Seventy percent of the population of China are farmers.
* population 一般和不定冠词a连用，指一个整体，a不能省；指一个国家或地区的整体人口时，不用复数．但如果指几个地区或国家的人口时，则可用复述形式．如：Many parts of the world used to have large populations.
* population常见搭配：control population, reach a population of, population explosion, the English-speaking population, the whole population, growth in population, a city of 760.000 population.
6. chance的用法
１） chance = possibility 可能性。可数名词或不可数名词。
The chances are ten to one that you will win.你十之八九会赢。
You will have more chance of catching the train if you take a taxi to the station instead of walking.
The chances are a hundred to one against you. 你只有百分之一成功的可能性。
* hope 也可表示“可能性”，但一般用作不可数名词。如：There is little hope/ chance of their winning the game.
２） 表示“偶然性”、“运气”时,dance 为不可数名词。如：Chance plays an important part in many card games. 玩纸牌许多时候靠运气。Let’s leave it to chance. 听其自然吧。
3) 作“机会”讲时是可数名词，如：It’s a good chance to learn from the famous scientists. If I give you a second chance, will you promise to be good?
4) by chance 碰巧
I met her in Shanghai by chance last week.
5) take the chance to do … 利用机会做某事
6) 也可用作动词，表示“碰巧”，相当于happen，可用于chance to do sth.和It chanced that…
I chanced/ happened to see him in Shanghai.
It so chanced that I was out when he called.
1. compare一词的用法
* compare with 把。。。和。。。相比较，指同类事物的具体比较
She began comparing herself with her classmates and find she didn’t study so hard as any of the others.
Compare this with that, and you will see which is better.
Comparing these two languages, we can see there are differences as well as similarities.
* compare to “比作”之意，指非同类事物间的抽象比较。如：
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
They compared the boy to a small tiger.
People often compare girls to flowers.
Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
* compare with 是具体的比较，compare to 是抽象的比较。但现代英语中，说：“比较”时可互换，如说“譬喻”则要用compare to.
* compared to 和compared with 表示“与。。。 比较起来”，在句中作状语，位于句中或句未，可互换。如：
Compared to/ with many other people, she was indeed lucky.
It was a small town then, compared to/ with what is now.
The production of cars has increased 18% compared to/ with 1995.
London is large, compared to/ with Pairs.
2. remain vi. Be still present after a part has gone or has been taken away 剩下；遗留。Continue in some place or condition; continue to be 依然；继续存在；保持不变
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
If you take 3 from 8, 5 remains.
Much remains to be settled.
By Wednesday the sore throat was gone but the fever remained.
How many weeks will you remain here?
He still remains weak.
Some students offered to remain behind to help clear up after the meeting.
He went home with remaining $ 1.