Period 1 Words and expressions
Aims：
Ensure the students to pronounce them correctly.
Learn the words and their usages by heart.
一. 根据要求写出单词：
humour(adj)________ surround(n)__________ assume(n)____________
maximum(ant)_________ upward(ant.)________change(adj)_____________
adequate(syn.)_________adapt(n)____________
二.根据汉语写出单词：
幽默的__________半园__________明显的___________足够的____________
去拿____________戏弄__________心理学___________使反感的__________
适应____________精确的________澄清_____________拿来______________
二.Usages：
1.-ology学问，学科
生物学_________心理学_________技术__________
2.take/get/catch/seize hold of 抓住
lose hold of松开
3.surrounding n. 环境，周围(通常用复数形式)
Animals in zoos are not in natural _________. 动物园中的动物没有自然的生长环境。
surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的
The dance seemed to excite the _____________ bees. 这种舞蹈似乎使周围的蜜蜂兴奋起来。
surround v.环绕,围绕
He used to live in a lonely village ___________ with mountains.他过去住在一个四面环山的偏僻的小村庄里。
4.oppose v.反对
adj. opposed （to）与…对照
opposable adj.可相对的，与其他手指相对的
opposite adj／adv. 对面的, 对立的, 相反的
prep.在…对面的
n.相反的东西
用以上的词填空：
The woman sitting ______ is a detective.
Light is the ________ of heavy.
In London you must drive on the _______ side of the road to China.
I am here on business as_______ to a holiday.
He ________ the proposal to build a new factory.
Other animals except the primates don’t have _______ toes so they can hardly grasp things with their feet.
5.come to light显露，为人所知 come to oneself苏醒过来
come to one’s help/aid/assistance/one’srescue赶来帮助某人/救助某人
come to+number合计，总计
come to an agreement/a conclusion/an understanding
达成一致/得出结论／达成谅解 come to sb被…继承
it comes to sb that…(it occurs to sb that)想起
come to realize/know/understand…开始意识到／了解／理解…
when it comes to sth涉及，有关
____________________that he had been wrong all along.(他突然想起他一开始时就错了)
___________________upon his father’s death.(他父亲死后他继承了那栋房子)
After a careful investingation,_____________________(他们最终得出结论)
___________________________.(他债务总计五千元)
New evidence __________________.(新的证据终于显露出来)
When we are in trouble,he will always ___________________.(及时帮助我们)
__________________________the significance of the matter.(我开始意识到这件事的意义)
6.dot
n.小数点，小圆点
v.be dotted with点缀着，分散 The sky is dotted with stars.
Homework：
写出单词和词组
1.抓住____________ 2.分辨___________3.事实上____________4.再三______________
5.为人所知__________ 6.半圆__________ 7.环境______________8.斜向一边的________
9.心理学 __________10.适应__________11.澄清_____________12.大群_____________
根据要求出单词：
1. He told us such a h__________ story that we all burst into laughter.
2. Animals in the zoo are not in their s____________.(环境)
3. There were t_______ of friends to see him off.
4. The professor is a specialist of studying a criminal's p________(心理).
5. The weather is so __________(易变) that he has caught a cold.
6. The woman sitting o______(对面的) is a detective.
7. The teacher told him to f_______ some chalk for her.
8. The victim was able to give a p________ description of the suspect.
9. The s________ cheered when he won the first prize.
10. The supply is not a________to the demand.
Unit 14 Zoology
Goals:
Learn about the communication of bees.
Learn the ways scientists use to do research.
Teaching procesure:
Step One:Discussing in pairs.
1. How do people communicate with each other?
2. How do animals communicate?
Step Two:Reading and judging
Read the text quickly and decide whether the following statements are true or false?
1. Scientists have interest in honey bees because of the “language” they use to communicate with each other.
2. Professor Karl Von Frisch built special hives and a transparent wall to observe bees.
3. After seeing one’s dance,the surrounding bees leave the hive and go to feeding the place directly.
4. The bees from close feeding perform a wagging dance.
5. With a stop-watch, zoologists counted the time bees used to fly from the feeding place to the hive.
6. The expression “ to make a beeline for someone or something” means to go quickly along a straight course for somebody or something.”
7. Professor von Frisch did so much work on the communication of animals that he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1973.
Step Three: Listening and filling
Listen to the tape and read the text,then fill the form below.
Problems Experiments Results Conclusion
How to com-
Municate the news to others?
Did the dance convey more information?
How did bees tell the exact distance to the feeding place?
Coold bees tell each other the exact positions of a-
feeding place
Step Four:Reading and understanding
Read the text again and underline the useful expressions and sentences.
Useful expressions:
各种各样的蜜蜂
群居
彼此交流
令人惊异的方法
对…感到迷惑
把这个消息传给…
区分那些蜜蜂
再三
靠近峰巢
使他惊讶的是
表演舞蹈
使周围的蜜蜂兴奋起来
模仿他的动作
传达信息
看到奇妙的景象
仔细观察
被人所知
剩下的问题
获取更多的数据
对蜜蜂行为的充分描述
被授予诺贝尔奖
把…标上红色
走直路，走近路
成群结队的跟在后面
一个接一个
Sentences:
最使科学家感兴趣的是蜜蜂。（强调句）
很显然，这种舞蹈告诉蜜蜂食物所在的位置。（主语从句）
喂食处越远，舞蹈的速度越慢。
Homework：
Learn the language points by heart.
Period 3 Careful reading
Teaching aims: Grasp the language points and some useful sentences of the text.
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Revision
Try to describe the experiments Von Frisch used to find out if the bees communicate the position of the food.
Step 2. Language points
1.spend…(in/on) doing sth.
花费时间（金钱）做某事
（1） cost 表示“花费（多少钱）” “需要（多少钱）”，主语一般是表示所买东西的名词，不能是表示人的名词
sth. costs money/ cost one’s life
at the cost of 以…为代价
（2）spend money on 和 pay money for 都可用来表示花钱买东西
（3）take和spend在表示“花费（时间）”时所用的句型不同
take常用于:
It takes (sb.)+time+to do sth.
It是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。
spend 常用于: spend time (in) doing sth./spend time on sth.
主语是人，注意介词in后面是v.-ing的形式，in可省去，on后面通常是名词
2. something后面的句子“he had noticed again and again”为定语从句，省去了“that”.
3. in a short time 立刻，很快 ahead of time 提前
at any time 随时 at one time 从前
at times 偶尔，有时 many a time 多次，屡次
in no time 立刻，马上 at a time 一次
time after time=time and time again屡次
4. to one’s surprise=to the surprise of… 令…惊奇的是
to one’s delight (joy) 使…高兴的是
to one’s sorrow 使…悲伤的是
5. over and over again 一次又一次
over and over again time and time again
many a time time after time
6. far away用作表语或状语
far-away用作定语
far away from只表示距离
far from除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“远远不，完全不，决非”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。Far from perfect/satisfactory/the truth
They don’t live far (away).
They live at a far-away place.
The school is far (away) from my house.
I’m far from (being) happy in my present job.
7. the +比较级，
the +比较级…
(1)”(从句)the+adj./adv.的比较级…,(主句)the+adj./adv.的比较级…”这种句型表示前者和后者在程度上同样增加或同样减少，
要注意这一句型中的“the”并不是冠词，前面的“the”是关系副词，有“by how much”之意；后面的“the”是指示副词，有“by so much”之意，前面是状语从句，后面是主句，前后呼应，
表示“越…就越…””愈是…,则愈是…”
[注]此结构中的比较级可以是形容词，也可以是副词，主句如用一般将来时，前面的状语从句通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 。
The sooner you begin your work, the sooner you will finish it.
你越早开始工作，就越早完成它。
The more he thought of it,the happier he felt.
这件事他越想越高兴。
(2)此外，该句型可省略的成分较多，不仅后面出现的与前面相同的成分可以省略，当主语、谓语等在一定的情景或场合中意思明了时，也可以省略不用, 这种情况在口语中尤其常见。
The more, the better.多多益善。
The sooner, the better.越早越好。
8. come to light vi.显露，为人所知
His past came to light.
=His past was brought to light.
9.remain vi. 剩余，残余
辨析remain 与 stay
当remain和stay作“保持，(人)留下“讲时，可以互换。
当表示“剩下、还有”时,通常只有remain,不用stay
当表示“暂住”时，用stay,不用remain.
I stay in a hotel when I was in Beijing.
在北京时我住旅馆。
Much work remains undone/to be done.还有大量的工作未做。
10. it is possible to do干…事是可能的
可能性
probable > likely > possible
11.make a bee-line for vt.走近路，前往，一直走向…
The hungry boy made a bee-line for his dinner.
那个饥饿的男孩直奔回家吃饭。
Period 4 Integrating skills
Teaching goals:
1.Review the useful expressions learnt in this unit by practice.
2.Talk about animals and animal behavior.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
Check language points by giving a dictation.
Step 2. Fast reading
In what ways are the higher primates, for example chimpanzees, similar to human being? How are they different?
Step 3. Detailed reading
Use the information in the text to complete the chart below. Give examples and characteristics for each type of animal.
Primates Other animals
Higher primates Lower primates
Monkeys Apes
New world primates Old world primates
Step 4. Language points
1. are better than other animals 是比较级表最高级的用法
(1)比较级+than+ any other+单数名词
He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他在班上是最高的。
(2)比较级+than+ all the other+复数名词
He is taller than all the other boys in his class.
(=He is the tallest of all the other boys in his class.
(3)比较级+than + anyone (anybody) else
He is taller than anybody else in his class. 他是班上最高的。
2. have a sense of … 3.that指代“the brain”
辨析: it, that, one
(1)it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物，即同名同物，所指代的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
(2)one代替的是前面提到的同名异物的任何一个，所代名词只能是可数名词，其前可代冠词，还可被this, that或形容词修饰，其后也可有定语。
(3)that代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词，但其前不能有修饰语。
(4)如果前面提到的名词是复数形式，为避免重复，则可视具体情况分别为they, them, ones或those代替。
(5)it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能
(6)that可引导一个限制性定语从句,代替某个先行词(单复数名词均可),it和one则不能
(7)it可以代替不定式、动名词从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，而one和that则不能。