By Xu Weiliang
Teaching aims:
(1) Make students pay attention to the environment problems and think what they can do to help protect the environment.
(2) Improve the Ss’ other basic abilities: the use of the words and expressions in reading
Important points & difficult points:
(1) Help the students learn how to keep the balance between economy and environment.
(2) Enable the students to refer to dictionaries.
Teaching methods:
(1)Careful reading and solve the language problems in the text.
(2)Learn how to use dictionaries.
Teaching aids:
(1) A tape recorder
(2) A multimedia
(3) The blackboard
Teaching procedure:
Step 1: Reading
We have learned the debate and know something about how to solve the environment problems. Today we will read the text and find the difficult language points in it.
Then ask students to put forward their difficulties in understanding the text.
Then write them on the blackboard.
Step 2 Using dictionaries and reference books.
Ask students to use their dictionaries and reference books and find answers for them.
Let the students discuss them.
Step 3 Explain the language points.
1. …and discuss which problems are caused by nature and which ones are caused by man..
讨论一下哪些问题是自然造成的，哪些又是人为因素。
⑴ nature
A. 自然，大自然（不可数名词）
You can not go against nature. 你不能违背自然。
Man can conquer nature.人定胜天。
B. by nature 天生地
She is by nature a happy person. 她天生乐观。
⑵ man
A. 本句中的man译为“人类”（总称），多作单数，不加冠词
Man must make the earth support more people.
人类必须使地球养活更多的人。
Man must change in a changing world.
在多变的世界里，人类必须随之变化。
B. 人，男人（复数为men）
I am not the man to break my word. 我不是食言之人。
Man is taller than woman. 男子比女子高。
2. Then we will open the floor for discussion. 然后我们将展开自由谈论。
句中the floor为“发言权”
After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor.
他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。
The President then took the floor and answered the journalists’ questions.
总统随后讲话并回答了记者的提问。
3. If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to voice them.
如果大家有任何疑问或评论，可以利用这个时间段来提出。
voice (v.) 表达，吐露
Yesterday morning in the city in the USA, a crowd of dustmen went on strike to voice complaint about their low-pay.
昨天上午在美国一个城市，大批清洁工举行罢工，以表达他们对工资的不满。
I dared not voice my dissatisfaction. 我不敢表达我的不满。
4. In addition, many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.
另外，大量的海洋生物正被捕捞船赶尽杀绝。
⑴ in addition 此外
In addition, there was a crop failure in many provinces. 此外，许多省份作物歉收。
in addition to 除了……之外（还有）
In addition to such subjects, the department also taught mathematics.
除了教授这些学科外，这个系还开设数学课程。
⑵ wipe out 消灭，摧毁
The whole village was wiped out by the tsunami.
整个村子被海啸吞噬了。
The earthquake wiped out the town.
小镇毁于地震。
wipe out 擦掉，把……擦干净
Don’t forget to wipe out the sink when you’ve finished the dishes.
洗完碗碟后，不要忘记把洗碗池擦干净。
wipe off 擦掉，把……从……上面擦干净
Wipe the drawing off the blackboard before the teacher sees it.
在老师看到之前，先把黑板上的图画擦干净。
5． These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.
这些捕捞船未等鱼儿产卵就大量捕捉他们。
⑴ large numbers of 许多，大量，加复数名词，相当于a large number of , a great / good many
Large numbers of whales have been killed by these Japanese ships.
这些日本捕捞船已经杀死了许多鲸鱼。
Numbers of people came to the meeting from all over the country.
全国各地许多人来参加这个会议。
⑵ A. lay eggs 下蛋，产卵
A turtle lays many eggs at a time.
乌龟一次下许多蛋。
To kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.
杀鸡取卵；自绝财源。
B. 安装，架设
I’m sorry to lay this on your shoulders.
很抱歉要把这放在你肩膀上。
They are laying a new oil pipe.
他们在铺设一个新的输油管道。
6. The world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.
目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。
⑴ population 人口
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
中国人口比日本人口多得多。
About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.
整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。
⑵ grow to “增加到”。类似表达法还有increase to, rise to, climb to
The number of students at the college has grown to over 5,000.
这所学院的学生数已经增长到 5,000人。
The price has increased to an unbelievable number.
价格攀升到令人难以置信的水平。
The plane climbed to 25,000 feet.
飞机爬升到25000英尺。
⑶ grow by“增加了，净增了”，类似表达 increase by, rise by等
Sales of new cars in that country grew by 20 percent this year.
那个国家今年的新车销售量增加了百分之二十。
It is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has increased / risen by 60 percent in the last two years.
这座城市居民的收入在过去的两年里增加了百分之六十，这让人感到惊讶。
7. My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.
我的建议是，我们应当尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量。
⑴ 句中My suggestion is 后接有表语从句，表示“建议，要求，命令”等意义的名词，如suggestion, advice, requirement, order, request等作主语时，其后表语从句中的谓语常由 “should + 动词原形”构成，should可省略
The advice that the teacher gave was that the students (should) go to bed early during exam time.
老师提出的忠告是同学们在考试期间应该早点上床睡觉。
The orders are that we (should) stay here.
我们必须呆在这里，这是命令。
⑵ suggest, advise, require, order等动词后接的宾语从句中，也常用“should + 动词原形”作谓语,should可省略
I suggested that John (should) phone home before he decided to stay late at the library.
我建议约翰在决定要在图书馆呆到很晚之前应该先打个电话回家。
I advise that he (should) go at once. 我建议他马上动身。
⑶ cut back on“削减，缩减”，相当于cut down on
Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
要尽量少吃脂肪和糖份含量过高的食品。
After the big job was finished, the builder cut back on the number of men working for him.
这项大工程完成以后，建筑商削减了工人总数的三分之一。
与cut相关的词组
cut across 走捷径 cut away 切除，剪掉
cut in 插进来说，插嘴，干预 cut off 切断，停掉
cut down 削减，砍倒 cut up 切碎
8. It is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.
很显然，你非常关心现阶段的环境状况。
concern (v.) 关系到，与……有关，关于；担心，关心
词组be concerned about / with / for / over
The news concerns your sister.
这条消息与你姐姐有关。
I am not concerned with the matter any longer.
我不再与此事有关了。
A good doctor should always concern himself with your health.
好医生应经常关心他人的健康。
They are very seriously concerned about the problems involved.
他们非常关心相关困难。
Everybody was deeply concerned at the news.
每个人都非常关心这条消息。
9. As an economist, I’m seen as being against the environment.
作为一名经济学家，我常常被人视为反对环保的。
see…as… “将……视为”
After his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.
在他的第一部小说出版后不久，他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。
10. But I do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides.
但有一点我非常赞同：循环利用或许是对两者都有利的解决办法。
⑴ key“答案，解决办法”,to (prep.) + n. / prop. / doing
In my opinion, the key to solving the problem is to cooperate rather than argue.
依我的观点，解决这个问题的办法就是合作，而不是争吵。
Her very unhappy childhood is the key to the way she behaves now.
她的不幸的童年是目前表现不端的症结所在。
⑵ 下列词组中to为介词
listen to, refer to, pay attention to, look forward to, belong to, turn to, devote / give …to…
11. Asking around, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.
我征询过周围很多人的意见，发现他们当中很多愿意花费稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产
品。
⑴ ask around 四处打听
I will ask around and see if anyone can help.
我要四处打听一下，看有没有人能够帮忙。
⑵ asking around为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 when I ask around
同样
Take care while crossing the street. (while you cross the street)
Wandering through the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. (while I was wandering through the
street)
12. Just keep in mind that you should not make a final decision until you have read or listened to both sides…
记住要听了两边的发言后才可作出最后的评判。
⑴ keep / carry … in mind 记住
I have tried to keep this advice in mind when writing this book.
在写这本书的时候，我尽量将这条建议记住。
There is one thing you must always carry in mind.
有一件事你必须一直记住。
与mind相关词组
make up one’s mind下决心 keep one’s mind on / upon专心注意，聚精会神
speak one’s mind说真心话
make 搭配词组
make a decision 做出决定 make a choice做出选择
make a trip旅行 make a study 做研究
make a mistake犯错误
13. My dad says he doesn’t mind a little bit of pollution, as long as it means people have jobs.
父亲说并不介意一点儿污染，只要人们有工作就行。
⑴ mind
A. 当心，注意
Good drivers are always careful to mind the speed limit. 好司机对限速总是很细心。
Mind you don’t say anything to offend them. 当心你不要说什么话去得罪他们。
B. 介意，在乎
Would you mind if I took one of these books
你是否介意我拿起这些书中的一本。
I wouldn’t mind having a try but I’ve got to be off now.
我并不介意尝试一下，但现在我得离开了。
Would you mind my opening the windows to let out so much smoke?
你是否介意我开窗排出一些烟雾？
⑵ as / so long as 只要…（就）…
I don’t care, so long as she lets me be with her son.
我并不在意，只要她让我和她儿子在一起。
As /So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.
只要你快乐，做什么并不重要。
试比较：
This rule is as long as that one. 这把尺与那把一样长。
See you tonight. So long. 今天晚上见。再见。
14. As a result, you impressed the audience. 结果，你给听众留下了印象。
impress印上,给留有…印象
He impressed his seal in the pot.
他把私章印在罐上。
His words are strongly impressed on/upon my memory.
他的话给我留下了很深的印象。
I was very impressed by / at / with his performance.
他的表演给我留下了深刻的印象。
15. With the opening of the city’s Modern Art Museum, hundreds of people lined up to be among the front to view modern masterpiece.
随着现代艺术博物馆的开馆，好几百人排队，欲成为第一批看到现代作品的人。
line up排队，排成一行
We lined up to buy tickets for the international football match.
我们排队去买国际足球赛的球票。
The teacher lined up the boys in front of his desk.
老师叫男生们在课桌前排成一列。
Step 4 Consolidation
Ask the students to use the words and expression learned.
Step 5 Homework
(1) Revise the use of the words and expressions.
(2) Do the exercises in the workbook.