Unit 13
1 fever n.发烧；热度;狂热；兴奋
in a fever of excitement大为兴奋
be in a fever在发烧
send sb. into a fever of excitement使某人感到极度兴奋
2 energy n.精力, 活力; [pl. ]干劲, 劲头, 力气, 能力【物】能, 能量
be full of energy精力充沛, 精力旺盛
the sources of energy能源
an energy crisis能源危机
energy budget能源预算
force strength power energy都含“力”的意思。
force强调“力所产生的实际效果”, 如:
The law should remain in force.法律应当有效力。
strength 指“体力”、“力量”、“强度”, 如:
He is a man of great strength。他是 个大力士。
power 指“能力”、“权力”, 着重“行动所根据的能力或职权”, 如:
It's beyond my power.它超出了我的职权。
energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”, 用于人时则指“精力”, 如:
He worked with great energy.他以巨大的精力工作。
3 choice n.挑选；选择；抉择
She had to make a choice between the two dresses.她得在两件衣服中选择一件。
She is the people's choice for Prime Minister.她是人民选出来的首相。
常用短语：a great choice of大量可供选择的 (物品等)
at one's own choice随意挑选, 自由选择
for choice凭喜爱, 根据选择
have no choice but[后跟动词不定式]非...不可, 除...之外别无他法
make a choice选择
without choice无选择地, 不分好歹地
choose vt., vi.chose, chosen, choosing
挑选；选择
Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?
你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?
She chose to study chemistry.她选择了学化学。
choose three from [among, out of] these books从这些书中选三本书
C-me a good hoe.替我选一把好锄头。
决定；拿定主意；愿意, 宁愿 [后跟不定式]
He chose not to go home.他决定不回家了。
His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.他叔父决意在乡下定居。
chose to fly rather than drive.决定乘飞机去而不是开车去
常用短语：as you choose随你喜欢; 听你的便
cannot choose but不得不,只好
4 fit adj.（与for连用）合适的，适宜的
a fit food for men对人合适的食物
This food is not fit for your visitors.这食物对你的客人来说不合适。
"After the interview, the employer concluded that she was fit for the job."
面试后老板下结论说她能胜任这项工作。
健康的；结实的
Do you feel fit?你觉得身体好吗？
He runs to keep fit.他跑步为了保持健康。
vt., vi.-tt-合适；合身
Her new shoes didn't fit so she took them back to the shop and changed them for another pair.
"她那双新鞋不合穿,所以她去商店换了一双。"
Your clothes fit well.你的衣服很合身。
This coat's a beautiful fit to you.这件外衣对你非常合身。
安装；装备 fit。。。on。。。
to fit new locks on the doors给门装上新锁
使适合
Her height fitted her for basketball.她身材高适合打篮球。
辨析：match 多指大小,色调,形状,性质方面的搭配
fit 多指大小,形状合适
suit 多指合乎需要,口味,性格,条件,地位等
1)We must find carpets that’ll _________the curtains.
2)The new coat ________me well.
3) No one can ________her in knowledge of classical music.
4) He ________his speech to his audience
5 gain vt., vi.获得，得到
He quickly gained experience.他很快就有经验了。
Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.
她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。
（常与in连用）获益，增加
He gained weight after his illness.病后他的体重增加了。
6 painun.痛苦；悲痛
His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.
他的不良行为使他的父母感到非常痛苦。
cn痛；疼痛He had a pain in his head.他头疼。
He has pains / a pain / pain in the shoulders.他两肩痛疼。
cn苦恼；烦闷； 讨厌的人；讨厌的物；厌恶(只用单数)
She's a real pain.她真是一个令人讨厌的人。
(pl) 辛苦；努力"No pains, no gains.; No gains without pains.(谚)"不劳则无获。
We must give him sth. for his pains.我们必须给他点什么以便酬报他的辛劳。
常用短语：give sb. a pain[美]令人讨厌, 惹人生气, 使人感到不舒服
No pains, no gains[谚]不劳无获。
spare no pains不遗余力, 不辞劳苦, 全力以赴
take pains费尽力气, 煞费苦心, 尽力设法 with great pain煞费苦心地
7 bit n.小块；少许
There's a little bit of time left.只剩一点儿时间了。
He dug the garden bit by bit.他一点一点地挖园子。
片刻Wait a bit!稍等片刻！
I was just going out for a bit when my uncle came.我正打算出去一会儿,可我舅舅来了。
习惯用语：a bit (of)
有点；稍微The modern opera was a bit of a disappointment; we expected it to be much better.
这部现代歌剧有点令人失望,比我们想象中的差得多。
I'm a little bit tired. Let's take a short rest.我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。
a bit (of) 一点儿也（不）I'm not a bit tired now.我现在一点儿也不累。
A: Sorry to have bothered you. B: Not a bit (of it).
甲:对不起,打扰你啦。乙:哪儿的话!
Really, David is not a bit like his brother as far as generosity is concerned.
的确,就慷慨大方这一点来说,大卫确实一点也不象他哥哥。
bit by bit一点一点地；逐渐地
8 advise
9 lie
10 base n.
底部, 基础, 根据地, 基地, 本部, 基数, (运动)出发点
vt.以...作基础, 基于...
adj.卑鄙的, 低级的，伪造的 a base coin伪造的硬币
That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.
这个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但本部在巴黎。
vt.based, basing（与on, upon连用）根据；基于
This news report is based entirely on fact.这篇新闻报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。
11 probable adj.
（常与that连用）很可能的；可能发生的；或然的
A storm is probable today.今天可能会有暴风雨。
It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment.很可能他是忘了我们的约会了。
likely possible probable意思都含“可能的”。
likely 系常用词, 指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”, 如:
a likely young man一个有希望的青年
She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。
possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法, 某事可能发生或做到”, 强调“客观上有可能”, 但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思, 如:
It is possible to go to the moon now.现在有可能登上月球。
probable 语气比 possible 强, 指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物, 带有‘大概’、‘很可能’”的意思, 如:
l don't think the story is probable.我觉得那故事不大可能。
12 similar adj.相像的，相似的；近似的
My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。
All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市差不多大同小异。
13 respect n.
（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重
to show respect to those who are older尊敬长者
The students have great respect for their history teacher.
学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。
关心；注意to pay (have) respect to关心
(pl) 敬意；问候
Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。
常用短语：in all respects无论从哪方面来看
in respect of关于；就…来说
pay one's respects拜访
without respect to不管；不考虑
with respect to谈到
give one's respects to向...致候
have respect for尊敬[重], 重视
have respect to牵 涉到, 关系到；注意到, 考虑到
out of respect for sb.出于对某人的尊敬
Unit 14
1 custom n.习俗；风俗;习惯
His custom was to get up early and have a cold bath.
他的习惯是早起，然后洗个冷水澡。
(pl)（用作sing.）关税
(pl)（用作sing.）海关
At the airport; the customs officers searched his case.在机场，海关人员检查了他的箱子。
Habit custom都含“习惯”的意思。
habit 指 “个人由于自然条件、社会环境、爱好或经常接触而导致习以为常的行为或特性”, 如:Smoking is a bad habit.抽烟是种坏习惯。
Habit n.（常与of和动名词连用）习惯；习性
to have habit of smoking during meals有吃饭时吸烟的习惯
It is not easy to break off a bad habit.要改掉一个坏习惯不容易。
custom 指“经过一段时期在某人、一国、一地区或一个社会中形成的传统的习惯或风俗”, 如:In China the custom prevails in eating dumplings on New Year's Eve.
在中国, 除夕晚上吃饺子的风俗很盛行。
2 allow vt., vi.允许，准许
Smoking is not allowed here.此处不准吸烟。
Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.请允许我介绍一下玛丽小姐。
The government servants aren't allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢。
给予；使得到
allowed him ￡1000 for expenses给他每年1000 英镑的开销
We must allow that he is a good teacher. (We must allow him to be a good teacher.)
我们应当承认他是位好老师。
allow for考虑；顾及
We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。
It takes about two hours to get to their office building, allowing for possible traffic delays.
考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时。
allow of容许; 许可
The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延; 形势刻不容缓。
allow of no excuse不容辩解
3 opinion n.意见；看法
He asked his father's opinion about his plans.他征求爸爸对他的计划的意见。
In my opinion, you're wrong.依我看，你错了。
What's your opinion?你的看法如何?
常用短语：in one's opinion按某人的意见, 据某人看来
in the opinion of照...的意见
4 the common people老百姓 common knowledge常识
common characteristic共同特点 common beam标准天平； 标准
a common saying俗话
in common共同， 共同享有的， 共同使用的
in common with和…一样
out of (the) common不寻常的， 特殊的
common ordinary general都含“普通的”意思。
common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”， 如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”， 如：His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”， 如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist. 这本书是为一般读者写的， 不是为专家写的。normal指“正常的”、“正规的”、“常态的”,
如:the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常体温
5 alive adj.活的，活着的
The fish we caught is still alive.我们捉的鱼还活着。
In most cases, both parents were still alive and still married to each other.
大多数情况下,他们的父母都还活着,而且仍然保持着婚姻关系。
活跃的
Although old she is still very much alive.她虽已年迈，但仍很活跃。
仍然存在的；仍然进行着的
The argument was kept alive by the politicians.政治家们还在继续争论那件事
alive with充满…的
The dead tree is alive with insects.这棵枯树上爬满了昆虫。
Living alive live意思都含“活的”。
living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, 如:
Shelly was still living when Keats died.济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。
alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, 如:
The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.
特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。
live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如:
a live rat一只活鼠。
6 trick n.戏法；把戏；花样
窍门； 诀窍to learn the tricks of the trade
圈套； 诡计He got the money from me by a trick.他用诡计骗走了我的钱。
恶作剧 The children played a trick on their teacher.孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。
vt.（常与into连用）欺骗；坑人
He tricked me into giving him the money.他哄骗我给了他钱。
（常与out of连用）骗走
play a trick on a sb.诈骗某人; 开某人玩笑
trick sb. into [out of]骗人去...[骗取 ...]
7 give away背弃, 出买;泄露(秘密), 暴露; 赠送, 分送; 颁发
give off发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等)
give out分发;用完，用尽;精疲力竭; 公布，宣布；发表
Give the money out to the children.把钱分给孩子们。
Our food supply at last give out.我们的食物终于用完了。
His strength gave out.他已精疲力竭。
It was given out that he was dead.他的死讯已经公布。
give over交给，交付，交出
We gave him over to the police.我们把他交给了警方。
give in屈服, 投降, 退让(to);交[呈]上
give up放弃, 停[中]止;投降, 认输, 泄气
8 take in收留，收容（某人）；包括；囊括；包含；改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸；了解领悟；欺骗；蒙骗You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments.
你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。
to take in a doctrine了解一种主义
take after相似She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。
take back撤销；同意收回；同意回来
take for当作；误认为
We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。
take off脱掉（衣服）
（飞机）起飞
The plane took off at three o'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。
take on雇用；聘用；开始显现；变得有
Why don't you take on sb. your own size?你怎么不跟和你一样高的人较量？
Unit 15
1 missing adj.失去的, 不见了的, 下落不明的, 失踪的, 错过的
a couple of words missing缺的两三个字
There is a page missing.缺少一页。
2 would rather
3 after all in all above all at all
above all； after all； at all
above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。如： But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告诉我该做什么。
A clock must above all keeps good time．时钟最重要的是必须走得准。
after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”，在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如： After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．毕竟，两周后就是你的生日。
He is，after all，a small child．他毕竟还是个小孩子。
He failed after all．他终于失败了。
at all用于否定句时，意为“丝毫；根本”，用于疑问句时意为“究竟；到底”，用于条件句时，常译为“当真；实在”。用于肯定句中，表示说话人的某种情绪或情感（如怀疑或惊奇等），意为“竟然”等。如：
He doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜欢你。
Are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做这件事？
If you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做这件事，就得做好。
I was surprised at his coming at all．他竟然来了，我很惊讶。
4 matter n.
事件, 问题, 物质, 内容, 实质, 原因, (印刷或书写的)文件, (文章或讲话等的)素材
vi. 有关系, 要紧
It doesn't matter if you are late.你如果迟到也没关系。
What does it matter ?那有什么关系?
It does not matter (if ...)(即使...也)不要紧
It doesn't matter about the price; buy it, whatever it costs.
价钱没什么关系; 不论多少钱都买。
常用短语：as a matter of fact实际上, 不瞒你说, 确实, 事实是
it is no matter that ...是无关紧要的
no matter不要紧, 没关系
the matter有问题, 有毛病
what matter if即使...又何妨
5 spend\cost\take 表“花费”的辨析
6 on one’s /the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的过程中
表示时间”临近”的短语: be approaching；be coming；be on the way
be around the corner；be at hand
by the way 顺便问一下 in the way 防碍，挡道 under way在进行中, 发生; 在航行中
in this/that way以这/那种方式 in many ways在许多方面
by way of途经by way of London途经伦敦 out of the way反常的；异常的
all the way一路上, 沿路从远处, 特地；自始至终
feel one's way谨慎小心地进行 fight one's way奋斗前进, 打开一条道路
force one's way挤(出去), 冲(出去) give way (to)让步; 退让；让位于
make one's (own) way前进, 繁荣, 兴隆; 发迹, 飞黄腾达
in a way有几分, 稍微; 在某一方面; 在某种意义上; 在某种程度上
in any way无论如何, 在任何情况下 in no way决不, 无论如何不
7 cost 1) n. 成本，费用
reduce the production cost降低生产成本
the cost of living生活费用
2) n. 代价
at all costs任何代价
at the cost of…不惜以…为代价
3) vt. 使失去(生命,健康等)
His carelessness cost him his life
costly : adj. expensive: 昂贵的
8 for this once (=for once, just for once)就这一次; 破例一回
once again再一次 once and again一再, 再三
once in a while有时, 间或, 偶而
9 call on号召；呼吁；邀请；拜访；请求I'll call on him tomorrow.明天我去拜访他。
call for需要；要求；值得：取; 接;
My chauffeur will call for you at seven.我的汽车司机七点钟会到你那儿去取
The occasion calls for a cool head.这种场合需要冷静的头脑。
call off取消
The meeting has been called off.会议取消了。
call up召集；动员；使人想起 (= call upon)传人到法庭; 应征入伍; 打电话;
call in 回收使退出流通：邀请
calling in silver dollars.回收银币 call in a specialist.邀请一个专家
call out召唤：大声喊叫; 召集; 命令(工人)罢工;
call out the guard.将卫兵集合起来
call by[口]顺便到...去一下; 顺路访问
call over点名
10 pay off还清；偿清；结清工资解雇（某人）；成功
Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.
"我们的计划当然成功了,那是个很好的主意。"
pay back报复 (= pay off, pay out, serve out)
I'll certainly pay you back for what you did to me!
"你那样对待我,我一定要回敬你的!"
偿还；偿付
How can I pay you back for all your kindness?你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢?
11 attend vi., vt.注意；留意出席；到场
attend school上学
attend a lecture听讲课
attend church去教堂
attend (at) a wedding出席婚礼
attend on护理, 侍候, 陪伴, 伴随
attend to倾听, 注意, 留心；关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理