教材分析和教材重组
教材分析
本单元的主要内容是了解加拿大的概况--地理位置、主要城市、风土人情等；了解多元文化现象和多元文化国家的特点。
1. Warming Up部分提供了一个关于加拿大概况的小测试，目的是激活学生已有的知识和经验，为进入本单元的学习作好准备。
2. Pre-reading部分通过四组问题激活学生有关旅行和加拿大的知识和经历。本单元阅读是“在旅途中看加拿大”，因此，“读前”部分首先提问学生经历过的旅行，然后提问学生最想去的国家，由此切入到本单元的话题“加拿大”。然后进一步提出“你是否想去加拿大旅行?你想到那儿去看什么?”“你会使用哪三个词语来描述加拿大?”
3. Reading部分是篇游记，记述了李黛予和刘倩去加拿大看她们的表兄妹的途中见闻。乘火车横穿加拿大之前，她们表兄妹的朋友林丹尼向他们介绍了加拿大的概况，包括面积、地貌、城市、人口、生态环境等。一路上，他们看到了加拿大的自然美景，野生动物，并因中途停靠卡尔加里(Calgary)而联想到卡尔加里大赛马会(Calgary Stampede)。加拿大地广人稀，多数人住在美-加边境。本文还提到了桑德贝(Thunder Bay)，五大湖(the Great Lakes)，温哥华(Vancouver)，多伦多(Toronto)，介绍了加拿大的淡水资源。本文对加拿大的介绍涉及面较宽，但都没有详述，这给学生留下了足够的思维空间。
4. Comprehending部分由三部分组成：回答问题、写出正确信息和画路线图。这些不仅检查学生对阅读课文的细节的把握，比如，要求学生介绍卡尔加里大赛马会、列举加拿大蕴藏的两种自然资源、写出有关桑德贝的地理位置的正确信息等，而且检查学生根据阅读课文内容所作的推理和判断，比如，“Why do many people want to live in Vancouver?”一题，要求学生联系文中相关信息，做出因果推理。此外，还检查学生的读图能力，比如，“Why would ships be able to reach the center of Canada?”一题，要求学生把地图和课文两方面的信息综合起来。最后，要求学生在地图上画出横穿加拿大的路线图，抓住文中人物的行踪也就抓住了行文的线索，零散的信息就有机地串联起来了。
5. Learning about Language部分首先通过构词法的学习扩大学生的词汇量并培养学生的词汇生成能力。用阅读课文中的词和信息编对话和填空，旨在提高学生活用词汇的能力。语法部分通过从阅读课文中找例句和造句的练习教学同位语从句。
6. Using Language部分综合训练听说读写的能力。听与写、听与说有机结合在一起，使学生通过填空、讨论的形式进一步学习有关加拿大的知识--加拿大的居民、语言等。阅读部分继续加拿大之行：从多伦多到蒙特利尔(Montreal)。本文提到了枫树，加拿大国家塔(CN Tower)，尼亚加拉瀑布(Niagara Falls)，多伦多猛龙队(Toronto Raptors)，蓝鸟队(Blue Jays)，中国城(Chinatown)，圣劳伦斯河(St Lawrence River)等等，充分展示了异域文化风情。写的部分是两篇报告，一个写途中所见，另一个写途中所闻。教师可以根据课本上的提示，向学生介绍“报告”的写作方法。写之前，先让学生根据本单元的两篇阅读完成图表上所要填写的信息。写报告时，要求学生自拟题目，先提出话题，再根据图表信息详述所见或所闻，最后作一小结。
教材重组
1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。
2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。
3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。
4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。
5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
课时分配
1st Period Reading
2nd Period Language study
3rd Period Integrating skills(Ⅰ)
4th Period Listening and Speaking
5th Period Integrating skills(Ⅱ)
Part 1: Teaching Design
(第一部分：教学设计)
Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading
(A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH)
Aims
To develop reading ability
To learn about Canada
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up by talking about Canada
Hello, everyone. Today we are going to read about Canada. But first I’d like to inform you of some facts about this second largest country in the world.
Best of the World's Best
For 7 years in a row (1994-2000 inclusive) the United Nations voted Canada "the best COUNTRY in the world in which to live". In 2001 it was voted 2nd and in 2002 Canada was ranked 3rd. An 8th place ranking in 2003 was disappointing, but Canadians still feel that it is the best!.
In January 2000, Vancouver (BC) was voted "the best CITY in the world in which to live" (in a 3-way tie with Zurich & Bern, Switzerland and Vienna, Austria).
Warming up by looking and listening
Hi, everyone. Look at the picture and tell me what it is like. Yes, the head of the man looks like the map of Canada. The man, representing Canada, is playing hockey, the national sport of the country Canada.
Hockey Canada Strengths
4.5 million Canadians are involved in hockey as coaches, players, officials, administrators or direct volunteers (this does not include spectators, parents and occasional volunteers).
Research has shown that hockey is the activity of choice of over 2 million Canadians.
Over 508,000 players are registered with Hockey Canada for the 1998-99 season.
There are more than 1.5 million games played and 2 million practices every year.
There are over 3,000 arenas in Canada.
Warming up by giving facts
Nice to see you back at school, boys and girls. To begin with turn to page 33, and go over the warming up exercises. Find out the facts about the country of Canada.
GENERAL INFORMATION
area: 9,970,610 sq km/3,849,652 sq mi; capital: Ottawa; major towns/cities: Toronto, Montral, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Qubec, Hamilton, Saskatoon, Halifax, London, Kitchener, Mississauga, Laval, Surrey; physical features: mountains in west, with low-lying plains in interior and rolling hills in east; St Lawrence Seaway, Mackenzie River; Great Lakes; Arctic Archipelago; Rocky Mountains; Great Plains or Prairies; Canadian Shield; Niagara Falls; climate: varies from temperate in south to arctic in north; 45 of country forested
II. Pre-reading
1. Questioning and answering
How do you usually travel when on vacation? Alone? With companion? With classmates? What type of activities do you most like to participate in when you travel?
Do you do group travel?
2. Talking and sharing
What three words would you use to describe Canada?
Happy Canada Day! ( words to describe Canada)
Happy Canada Day! Even though our country isn't perfect, I feel lucky to live here when I think about some of the horrible things that are happening in other parts of the world.
What are some words that spring to mind when you think about Canada?
Here are some of mine: vast, changing weather, uncertain
III. Reading
1. Listening and reading aloud
Now please listen and read the text aloud. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence.
加拿大太平洋岸的一颗宝石--温哥华市 Vancouver
世界上很少有城市能像卑诗省的温哥华如此秀丽天成、多彩多姿及诸色人种汇聚一堂。温哥华坐落于加拿大西海岸，拥有一百八十万多元化人口，乃加拿大第三大城市，并且是国际商业重镇。
温哥华被海洋、青山及公园绿地所环绕，提供了其它城市难得一见的城区优质生活。它的街道安全洁净；它的海滩、青山易于接近；它的居民亲切友善。
温哥华提供琳琅满目的体育、文化、娱乐活动机会。在它四季宜人的气候下，您一定可以了解为何温哥华被喻为 "加拿大太平洋岸的一颗宝石"。
2. Reading and underlining
Next you are to read and circle all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook after school as homework.
Collocations from A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH
on a trip在旅途中), on the Atlantic coast在大西洋海岸, take the aeroplane乘飞机, fly from… to…从……飞行到……, take the train from… to…乘火车从……到……, from west to east从西到东, across Canada横穿加拿大, cross the whole country横贯整个国家, wait for…等候……, at the airport在机场, take…to…把……带到……, catch the train乘坐火车, on the way to…在去……的路上, see great scenery看美丽壮观的风景, on the trip在旅途中, go eastward向东行驶, pass cities经过城市, in less than five days在不五天的时间里, from coast to coast从一个海岸到另一个海岸, in the warmest part of…在最热的地方, be surrounded by…被……所包围, on the north在北边, ski in the mountains在山上滑雪, sail in the harbour在港湾了扬帆行船, north of………的北边, settle down in the seat落座, look out of the window at the wild scenery从窗口看到了自然风光, a mountain goat野山羊, a grizzly bear大灰熊, a famous Western festival有名的西方节日, come from all over…全来自……, compete in ~ing比赛做……, ride wild horses驾驭野马, have a gift for ~ing有天资/天分做……, work with…与……共处, win…prizes赢得……奖金, live within 320 kilometres of the USA border居住在靠近美国320公里以内的边境地带, go through…穿过……, a wheat-growing province种植小麦的省份, thousands of square kilometers in size面积有数千平方米, at the top end of…在……的最上首, a busy port繁忙的港口, be close to…接近……, one-third of………三分之一, rush through…穿行过……
The Rocky Mountains
The Rocky Mountains, the great backbone of North America, extend 5,000 kilometers from New Mexico to Canada. The elevations range from about 1,500 meters along the plains to 4,399 meters, and the widths range from 120 to 650 kilometers. The Rocky Mountains are composed of many mountain ranges with unique ecological features. For example, 20 ranges make up the Rocky Mountains in and adjacent to Wyoming. The natural beauty, abundant wildlife, and fresh water have attracted human inhabitants for the last 10,000-12,000 years.
4. Reading and transferring information
Read the text again to complete the table summarizing A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH.
A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH
About Canada About Vancouver About Rocky Mountains About Thunder Bay
For reference:
A TRIP ON THE TRUE NORTH
About Canada About Vancouver About Rocky Mountains About Thunder Bay
bigger than the US; 2nd biggest country in the world; From west to east, you can see mountains, thousands of lakes, forests and wide rives as well as cities. 5,500 km from coast to coast warmest part of Canada; most beautiful city in Canada, surrounded by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west; population increasing rapidly; wild scenery; mountain goats; a grizzly bear; at the top end of the Great Lakes; a busy port;
5. Understanding difficult sentences
Are there any difficult sentences? Now discuss with your partner the difficult points from the text.
IV. Closing down
Closing down by doing exercises
To end the lesson you are to do the comprehending exercises 1, 2 and 3 on page 35.
Closing down by acting the text
To end the period let’s act this text out. We shall have three student actors to play Li Daiyu, Liu Qian and Danny Lin.
Additional Materials
Complete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.
A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”
Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a 1 across Canada. Instead of taking the aeroplane 2 the way, they would cross the whole continent of Canada in 3 after arriving Vancouver by air.
Danny Lin waited 4 them at the airport and gave them a brief 5 about Canada, the second 6 country in the world and Vancouver, the most beautiful city of the country, while taking them to 7 the train, “The True North”.
Having settled 8 in the seats, they looked out of the window 9 the wild scenery, the mountain goats, and grizzly bears. They went by the city of Calgary and 10 in Thunder Bay, a city at the top 11 of the Great Lakes, learning more about Canada of its population resources and so 12 . Their last stop is Toronto, one of the southernmost cities in Canada.
（Keys: 1. trip 2. all 3. train 4. for 5. introduction 6. biggest 7. catch 8. down 9. at
10. arrived 11. end 12. on）
Comprehension questions
1. How did they visit Canada?
A. They traveled there all by the aeroplane.
B. They took the train“The true north”to across Canada.
C. They hired a guider to show their way around.
D. They drove their way to visit some of the important city in Canada.
2. What’s make Vancouver so special?
A. It surrounded by mountains on the north and east.
B. It surrounded by the Pacific Ocean on the south.
C. Its population is decreasing very rapidly.
D. People can ski in the Rocky Mountains and sail in the harbour.
3. What did cowboys do in the Calgary Stampede?
A. They compete in riding wild horses.
B. They were dancing with wild animals.
C. They came here to show their beauty and win the heart of girls.
D. They hunt for mountain goats and grizzly bears.
(Keys: BDA)
Notes to some difficult sentences
1. Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins on the Atlantic coast. 李黛予和她的表妹刘倩去加拿大大西洋海岸看望她们的表兄妹们。
trip (n.): (usually short) journey, esp. for pleasure(通常指短途的)行走，旅行（尤指娱乐性的）。
与trip搭配的主要动词和介词：be (go) on/make/take a trip to …
a trip to the seaside 海滨之行。
a honeymoon trip to Paris前往巴黎的蜜月之旅。
He is on a business trip. 他出差在外。
My father will make a trip to New York next week. 他父亲下礼拜要去纽约去。
2. Rather than taking the airplane all the way, they decided to fly from China to Vancouver
and to take the train… 她们不想一路乘飞机，决定先从中国飞到温哥华，然后，改乘火车……
rather than (prep.): in preference to (sb/sth); instead of 与其（某人/某物）；不意；不要。
Rather than get (getting) money in such a dishonest way, Simon would beg in the street. 西蒙宁可沿街乞讨，也不愿用不诚实的方式捞钱。
I’ll have a lemonade rather than a coke. 我想喝柠檬汁，不想喝可乐。
He was busy writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper. 他正忙于写信而不是读报。
3. It is the second biggest country in the world and as you go eastward, you will see
mountains, and pass by thousands of lakes, forests and wide rivers as well as cities. 它是世界上第二大的国家，当你一路向东行时，除了城市你还会看到山脉，会经过上千个湖泊，森林，大河等以及城市。
eastward 也作 eastwards,副词，意为“向东”。注意不能说go to eastward。如：
They sailed eastward.他们向东航行。
We couldn’t decide whether to go eastward or westward. 我们难以决定是向东走还是向西走。
thousands of 成千上万的。注意，million, billion, thousand, hundred, score(20), dozen(12)之前有确定的数字时，不论后面有无of，词尾都不加s。如：
three hundred students 300名学生，three hundred of them他们当中的300人，three score people 60人，three dozen of these eggs 这些鸡蛋里的3打
如果前面没有确定的数字而后接of时，词尾都加s。
4. On the coast north of Vancouver some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the
world still remain. 温哥华以北的海岸依然生长着世界上最古老、最美丽的森林。
north of=to the north of 表示“在……的北方”。其它方位词，如：east, west, south, southwest, northeast等，都有类似的用法。例如语言运用部分的阅读课文中还有：
It’s about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto… 它在多伦多东北大约400公里处……
5. That afternoon in the train the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午表姐妹俩
在火车上落了座。
settle down 安稳坐下，定居下来。如：
His grandfather settled down in the armchair with a newspaper. 他爷爷手拿报纸坐在扶手椅里。
Have you settled down in your new job yet? 你适应新工作了吗？
6. Many of them have a gift for working with animals and they can win thousands of
dollars in prizes. 他们中许多人都有与野兽共舞的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
have a gift for在……方面有天分；有天赋。如：
She has a gift for learning language. 她对学语言有天赋。
It seems he has a gift for music. 好象他对音乐有些天赋。
【高考链接】
同位语从句
1. 从属连词that、whether引导的同位语从句。
He has the hope that he will become a college student. 他有上大学这么个愿望。
The question whether he should do this troubled him. 是否该做这件事这一问题使他很烦恼。
注意：由连接词that （一般不可省略） 引导的同位语从句，在句子结构上与关系代词that引导的定语从句有相似之处，但有区别：
1) The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the country. 他登上月球的消息传遍全国。
2）The news that John told us interested all of us.他告诉我们的消息使大家都感趣。
解析：1）句中that从句中本身的内容就是“news ”内容本身，that在句子中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，所以，本句中的that从句 是同位语从句；而2）句中that从句说明“ news ”是怎样获得的，不涉及“news”的内容， that从句中充当 “tell”的宾语，所以，本句中的that从句 是定语从句。另外，可带同位语从句的名词主要是少数一些可加入具体内容的表示信息、思想等概念的名词，如：fact，news，idea，truth，belief，doubt，hope，possibility，order，wish，message，promise，suggestion，report，reply，problem, question, thought等。
2. 连接副词how，when，where等引导的同位语从句。
You have no idea how worried I was！你不知道我是多么着急。
【高考链接】
1. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. （2001上海）
A.while B. that C.when D.as
2. ____is no possibility____Bob can win the first prize in the match. （2001 上海春）
A．There；that BIt；that CThere；whether DIt；whether
3. There is much chance _____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
（06 天津）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
E. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _____ he had to meet his uncle in the airport. （06 重庆）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
5.-It’s thirty years since we last met. (06四川)
-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
6. A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. (06 安徽)
A. if B. when C. that D. which
7. There’s a feeling in me ______ we’ll never know what a UFO is---not ever.(2002上海)
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
8. Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me this coming Christmes. (2004上海春)
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
9. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (2004上海)
A. when B. where C. what D. that
10. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _____ a cure for AIDS will be found.(2005广东)
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
【巩固练习】
1.They have no idea at all_____.
A. where he has gone B .where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
2.I have no idea ____far the airport is far from here.
A. what B. how C. it’s D. that
3.The manager asked the question ____I would like to be his secretary.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
4.____is a fact____ English is being accepted as an international language.
A. It; that B. That; that C. It; which D. As; that
5.The reason ____she didn't say anything was ____she was ill.
A. why; that B. why; because C .that; why .D. why; why
6. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need to be improved.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
7. The question has been raised at the meeting ______ each member country should share the expenses of the committee.
A. which B. if C. what D. whether
8. There is a common belief among them_____ rubbish can and should be put to good use.
A. which B. if C. whether D. that
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
10. It is no longer a question____ man is learning more and more about space.
A. whether B. that C. if D. how
【汉译英】
1. 我想到冬天的时候在山上滑雪。
2. 这个小女孩有唱歌方面的天赋。
3. 他将与老对手比赛跑步。
4. 我们家紧邻公共汽车站。
5. 她在音乐比赛中获得头等奖。
【答案及解析】
【高考链接】
1. B这里Information的内容即： more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
2. A possibility后应引导一个同位语从句，因其前有 no修饰，所以其后不用 whether；“存在有……”应用“There is…
3.A that引导一个同位语从句作chance 的同位语。that 只起引导作用，不作成分。而B、C、D项均不合适。A、D项不引导同位语从句，which 引导同位语从句须在从句中作成分。
4. B his reason 后接同位语从句，由for being absent from the class 隔开。一般情况下从句与同位语的名词相接，但有时可以分开。如：The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.此题考生易选A. why，而误认为此句为定语从句。而题干中for being absent from the class 已给出reason 的结果，因而后面的从句是说明reason 的内容的，所以不选why，而选that。
5. B 分隔复合句。这是一个分隔同位语从句，最大干扰项是which，它不能引导定语
从句，同位语从句和定语从句的本质区别在于“连词在从句中是否充当成分”。
6. C 此句为分隔同位语从句。Thought与同位的that I might … 从句，被谓语suddenly came
to me隔开。
7. A 同位语从句that we’ll never know what a UFO is---not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling的具体内容。
8. B that 引导同位语从句，作promise的同位语。
9. D that引导同位语从句修饰go。
10. B a cure for AIDS will be found是同位语从句，充当doubt的同位语。
【巩固练习】
1.A 2B 3C 4A 5A
6. A。 本句中road conditions need to be improved作problem的同位语，前面需要引导词that。
7. D。考查分隔同位语从句。Whether引导名词性从句不担任句子成分，只保留词义“是否”。该题从句不缺句子成分，question 又是一个可具有具体内容或信息的抽象名词。由此断定该句是由whether引导的同位语从句，因谓语部分将其和名词the question分隔开，所以称之为分隔同位语从句。
8. D。 此题考查同位语从句，作belief的同位语。
9. D。10. B。
【汉译英】
1. I’d like to ski in the mountains in the winter.
2. The little girl has a gift for singing.
3. He is going to compete in running with his old rival.
4. Our house is close to the bus stop.
5. She won the first prize in the music competition.