2007-2008学年度第一学期
高三英语备课组复习课教案
Unit 1 Great Scientists
Ｉ. 单元教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals
1． 1. To activate the students’ knowledge about great scientists in the world and their achievements.
2．To get the students understand the spirit of science.
3．To adapt the scientific spirit in their pursuit of knowledge.
4．Get the students to know how Past Participle used as attributive and predictive is used。
II． 目标语言
功 能句 式 描述人物(describing people: characteristics and qualities)
How will I recognize you?
You can recognize me because…
What will you wear?
What do you look like?
What special features do you have?
I’m tall/short/fat/thin/young/old…
How will I know you?
I have large/small/brown/green/black eyes with…
词
汇 1. 四会词汇
Analyze, valuable, pump, pub, blame, immediately, virus, construction, contribute, positive, spin, reject, characteristic, radium, enthusiastic, cautious, spin, instruct, attend, reject. attend, cure, control, absorb, severe, handle, announce,
2. 词组
absorb into, handle from, lead to, steam engine, put forward, make a conclusion, in addition, link…to…, apart from, point of view，expose…to, , apart from, contribute to, make a conclusion, make sense, be strict with
语
法 过去分词作定语和表语
(The Past Participle as the Attribute and the Predicative)So many thousands of terrified people died. (Attribute)
But he became inspired when he … (Predicative)
重 点 句 子 1. He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
4．To prevent this from happening again, John Snow supposed that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
Ⅲ. 情感目标
To encourage the students to learn about some great scientists and their great achievements and how science helps to improve our society and change our life. Meanwhile, inspire the students to learn from the scientists and form their positive attitude towards science.
使学生回想起不同领域的科学家，了解科学家对人类的贡献及其成果。通过阅读课文，使学生感悟科学家的周密观察、勇于探索、认真分析的科学精神，使学生了解科学发现的全过程具有其科学的严密性。以及通过分组讨论将来选择什么科学工作，需要什么样的教育、品格及经历来完成提问和应答的交际功能训练，也实施了对学生的德育教育。同时培养学生的收集信息、整理信息及传递信息的能力，体现了自做、自助和自悟的教学思想，改进学生的学习策略。
Ⅳ.话题：本单元主要话题是“科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理。”了解著名医生John Snow，钱学森，哥白尼等科学家以及他们的贡献和故事
Ⅴ.Teaching plans: 3 periods
第一课时：话题词汇及及开展同类文章的课外阅读，进一步提升这一类文章的阅读技能。
第二课时：单元词汇及重点实用句型
第三课时：课堂检测及单元语法
Part1 Revision for the topic
Step 1 Enjoy an English poem
Teacher's Prayer
I want to teach my students how to live this life on earth,
To face its struggle and its strife and improve their worth.
Not just the lesson in a book or how the rivers flow,
But how to choose the proper path wherever they may go.
To understand eternal truth and know the right from wrong,
And gather all the beauty of a flower and a song.
For if I help the world to grow in wisdom and in grace,
Then, I shall feel that I have won and I have filled my place.
And so I ask my guidance, God, that I may do my part,
For character and confidence and happiness of heart.
教师的心愿
我想教会学生如何去生活，
如何面对困难，完善自我。
不只是书本知识或是自然奥秘，
而是如何走好人生之旅。
学会去辨别是非，找寻真理，
从平凡的点滴中发掘美的韵律。
如果我的存在使这个世界更加绚丽，
那么我也就实现了自己的人生目的。
所以苍天作证，我已全心全意，
诠释了品格、信心和幸福的真谛
Step 2 Warming up
Albert Einstein, the greatest scientist of the 20th century, is famous for his Theory of Relativity（相对论）.He was born in Germany(German), but he took the American nationality(nation). He began to study in Switzerland when he was seventeen. He took a doctor’s degree and later won (win) the Nobel Prize for Physics. In 1933, he and his family left Europe for the USA. He worked at a university as a Professor of Physics. Although he was very famous, he lived a simple life. He took no interest in money. He often gave lectures for free. All through his life he liked not only physics, but also music. It is/was said that in music he found the peace that was missing (miss) from a world full of war and killing.
Step 3 Discussion: what is the key to success?
Everyone gets the itch to succeed, but only part of them can make their dreams come true. You maybe wonder: what is the key to success? The answer is “To keep the desire to learn”.
Keep the desire to learn, and you will never be satisfied with what you have known. Always keep a curious mind to all the mysterious parts of the world. Keep the desire to learn, and whatever difficulties you face, the strong belief will support you in solving the problems. Keep the desire to learn, just as Ms Curie puts it: “Nothing in the world is to be feared, it is only to be understand.” So everything is possible if we try our best and never give up.
One who does not have the desire to learn will never reach their goals. They are always shortsighted and are easily be satisfied with the very little thing they have known. In fact, knowledge, just like the ocean, never has a rim. Whenever and wherever you are, you should remember: what you are learning is only the surface.
In a word, always keep the desire to learn, and the door of success will open to you one day.
Step 4 NMET- linking
高考阅读理解 07重庆C、07山东 C、06（附加高考完型填空实战演练）
Part2 Revision of this unit
Step1 Practice
Ⅰ. 按要求写单词：(巩固练习见《名家》活学活用)
Use the correct form of the words to fill in the blanks.
infection
conclude
analysis
value
announcement /announcer
Instruction/instruction
calculate
contribution /contributor
contributive
rejection
create
persuader persuade
co-operation Co-operate
death die
n. adj. adv.
certainty certain certainly
revolution revolutionary X
privacy隐私；隐居 private privately
enthusiasm enthusiastic enthusiastically
logic logical logically
science /scientist
II.重点词组 （见 《名家指路》）
1. Translate the following
1. know about… 了解……的情况 2. expose (…)to sth. 暴露(…..)在……中
3. absorb sth. into… 把….吸收入….4. determine to do sth. 决心干某事
5. link … to … 将….和….联系起来 (be linked to…)
6.come to an end 到了尽头 7. contribute to sth. 有助于;促进
8. living conditions 居住条件 9. achieve great success 取得巨大的成功
10. devote one’s life to doing sth. / be devoted to sth./sb.
献身于….. 专致于…….; 关心…;挚爱…
2. Choose the correct words or expressions to fill in the blanks. Each word or expression may be used only once.
1.Who _______________ a theory about black holes?
2.What ________________ did you draw?
3.The car went out of _____________ and crashed.
4.SARS is a terrible ______________ disease.
5.He ______________ a difficult argument skillfully.
6.The cholera outbreak was so ____________ that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.
7. Everyone was silent as he _____________ the winner of the match.
8._______________ visiting the zoo, we went to the museum.
9._______________ that 10 dollars, I have another ten given by my mother.
Step 2 词语辨析
1. deadly, dead, die, death
2. complete, finish, end
3. reject, refuse
4. besides, in addition (to), apart from, except, except for, but
5. examine, check, test
6. defeat, beat, win
Step3重点句子拓展：
Step4 Writing task
基础写作：
请以 Madame Curie 为题，写一篇 5个句子的英语短文。要点如下：
1. Madame Curie 是世界著名的女科学家，1867年出生于波兰一个教师家庭。
2. 她从小爱学习并希望成为科学家，16 岁中学毕业，24 岁赴巴黎就读于巴黎大学，生活简朴，学习刻苦。
3. 她一生致力于科学研究，于 1903 年和 1911 年两次分别获诺贝尔物理奖和诺贝尔化学奖。
4. 一个女人事业成功不容易，而一生中两次获诺贝尔奖更为困难，居里夫人将作为一位伟大的女性永远为人们所怀念。
思路点拨与写前热身
1. 本文是记叙文中的人物传记。全文要求叙述居里夫人的生平，应该按时间顺序进行叙述，叙述上要求有层次性，必要的词如 when she was...,at the age of 等要使用，以便给人以时间上的概念。
2. Translate the following in groups of four.
① 奔赴 ______________________ ② 生活简朴 _________________________
③ 致力于…… _____________________④ 诺贝尔物理奖 _____________________
⑤ 被作为……纪念 _________________________
Suggested article:
Born in a teacher's family in Poland in 1867, Madame Curie was a world famous woman scientist. From her early childhood, she loved to study and hoped to become a scientist. She finished middle school at the age of 16 and. at 24 she left for Paris and entered Paris University, where she lived a very simple life and studied very hard.
Madame Curie devoted her whole life to the study of science so that she won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 and for Chemistry in 1911.
It is not easy for a woman to succeed in her work and it is even more difficult for a woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, for which Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman.
Step5 Assignment
1. Finish the exercises in our reference book.( <名家指路>)
2. Translate the following sentences
3. Use five sentences to describe a scientist you like.( .选定一名最喜爱的科学家，作一个相关汇报，主要项目是科学家的生平简介，对科学的贡献及成功之道等等。)
Part3 Revision of Grammar
浅析分词热点考题及对应策略
请看此题，
The storm left，______ a lot of damage to this area．
A．caused B．to have caused
C．to cause D．having caused
本题考查的是现在分词作结果状语。该题意为：暴风雨过后，给这一地区造成了巨大的损失。本句的谓语动词1eft为过去式，意指在暴风雨停止之前已造成巨大损失，表示cause这一动作发生在1eave之前，故此选D项。
顺便在这里说说分词的用法和常考点。分词主要起着形容词与副词的作用，高考侧重考查状语功能、定语功能、宾语补足语功能和独立主格结构的有关用法。
一、分词的状语功能
1．The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_______ that he had enjoyed his stay here．
A．having added B．to add C．adding D．added
2．European football is played in 80 countries _______ it the most popular sport in the world．
A．making B．makes C．made D．to make
解析1：C。这里“补充”为伴随性动作，也是一个主动性动作，应用现在分词作伴随状语。
解析2：A。该句表示：欧式足球运动在八十个国家开展的结果是，它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。显然应用现在分词作结果状语。
小结：分词可作时间、条件、结果、原因、伴随等状语，现在分词作状语，表示主动或进行的动作，过去分词状语表示被动或完成的动作，此时分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。
二、分词的定语功能
3．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa．
A．invited B．to invite C．being invited D．had been invited
4．The computer center，_______ last year，is very popular among the students in this school．
A．open B．opening C．having opened D．opened
解析3：A。客人是已被邀请参加晚会的，所以应用过去分词作定语，表示完成了的动作和主谓之间的被动语态关系。
解析4：D。电脑中心是去年(被)开张的，既是完成又是被动的动作，应用过去分词作定语。
小结：现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词作定语
表示完成了的或被动动作，此时可换成相应的定语从句。
三、分词的宾语补足语功能
5．Soon they could see steam _______ from the wet clothes．
A．rise B．rising C．risen D．be rising
6．They knew her very well．They had seen her_______ up from childhood．
A．grow B．grew C．was growing D．to grow
解析5：B。该空表示水蒸气正从衣服上升起，应用现在分词作补足语，表示动作正在进行。
解析6：A。该句强调她已长大成人，而不强调她正在成长，应用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。特别提醒：不定式作宾补的意义不同于作其他成分，表示完成或将要做的动作。
小结：分词常作宾语补足语，其中现在分词表示正在进行的或主动的动作，过去分词表示完成了或被动的动作。
四、分词的独立主格结构
7．The murderer was brought in，with his hands _______ be hind his back．
A．being B．having tied C．to be tied D．tied
8．With his lips still _______ ，he couldn’t say a word．
A．trembling B．tremble C．to tremble D．to be trembling
解析7：D。凶手的双手一定是被绑在背后，应用过去分词构成的独立主格结构作伴随状语，表示被动动作。
解析8：A。他说不出话的原因是因为他的嘴唇仍在颤抖，应用现在分词的独立主格结构作原因状语，表示动作自主发出并正在进行。
小结：分词的独立性结构就是指带有分词逻辑主语的结构，在句中可作时间、条件、原因、伴随等状语，其逻辑主语前边也可加上介词，其中现在分词仍表示进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词仍表示完成了或被动的动作。
同步练习
1. He looked around and caught a man ______ (put) his hand into the pocket of a passenger. ( putting)
2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _______ (seize) the girl and took her away, _______ (disappear) into the woods. (A. seizing; disappeared)
4. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ （wait）for another hour. (waiting))
6. _______ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (Having suffered)
8. ______ (suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. ( Having suffered)
7. The bell ______(indicate) the end of the period rang, ______ (interrupt) our heated discussion. ( indicating; interrupted)
9. He sent me an E-mail, ______ (hope) to get further information. ( hoping)
10. The ______ (miss) boy was last seen_______(play) near the East Lake.
(missing; playing)
11. The picture ______ (hang) on the wall is painted by my nephew. (hanging) 12. "We can ' t go out in this weather," said Bob, _______(look) out of the window.
(looking)
13. Don't leave the water ______(run) while you brush your teeth. (running)
14. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ______ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.
A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken
15. In the past, this work, ________________ (consider) highly skilled, was usually done by men. (considered)
16. It's necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______(have) the answer ready will be of great help. ( Having)
17. "You can' t catch me!" Janet shouted, ________ (run) away. ( running)
18. There was a terrible noise ______(follow) the sudden burst of light.
(following)
19. ______ (send)the child to bed, she began to correct the pupils' exercises.
( Having sent)
20.________(not receive) a reply, we decided not to wait any longer.
( Not having received)
21. We expressed our satisfaction with the talk, _______ ( add) that we would visit the city again. (adding )
22. When I got back home I saw a message
pinned to the door, _________ (read) "Call 68837822".( reading)
23. _________ (see) from the space, the Great Wall lies in the mountains tike a huge dragon. (Seeing)
25. When _______(heat) , ice changes into water. (heated)
26. He dived into the water, ________(leave) only his face___________(expose).
(leaving; exposed)
27. ________ many times, but he still couldn' t understand it.
A. Though he had been B. Having been told
C. Having told D. He had been told
28. _______(not know) his address, I couldn't go to see
him yesterday. (Not knowing)
29. Reading this instructive book, ___________ .
A. tears came to his eyes B. his eyes were filled with tears
C. he burst into tears D. his eyes were full of tears
30. ________ , we had to go home.
A. There was no bus B. We couldn' t find a bus
C. There being no bus D. There no bus
31. _______ (not invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.
(Not having been invited)
32. _______(expose) to the sun, rain and wind for a long time, the stone split.
(Exposed)
Keys: 1---5 DDBCA 6---10 AACBA 11---15 BABAD
16---20 DBADC 21---25 BABAC 26---30ADDCC
31---32 BB
解题方法提示：
1．选用现在还是过去分词一定要找到与分词相配的主语，再做决定。
2．regret (remember，forget)+doing结构中的分词表示完成了的动作，如果是以上动词+to do结构，则不定式表示没有做的动作。
3．如果句中有but, and连接则不用分词结构，一定是用并列句结构。
4．否定词not置分词前。
5．注意句中的标点符号，分析句子结构后再做选择。
高考链接
E
No one can fail to stand in awed（令人敬畏的）admiration of the great discoveries of history-Newton’s laws of motion , Kepler’s principles of planetary movement , Einstein’s general theory of relativity . Equally awe-inspiring are artistic creations in painting , theatre , music , and literature , which have also been brought about by discovery through personal efforts . What do these extraordinary achievements of well-known scientists and artists have to do with problem solving ?
A great scientific discovery or a great work of art is surely the result of problem-solving activity . The solution to a problem , we are told , often comes to thinkers in a “ flash of insight（顿悟）” , although they may have been turning the problem over in their minds for some time . As a particular form of problem solving , these creative acts are based on the broad knowledge gained in the past , whether this be of the “ public ” sort known to science , or of the “ private ” sort known to the artist .
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem , often over fairly long periods of time . Indeed , it would be strange if they had not done this . Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society . The act of discovery , even in the relatively predictable（可以预见的）sense that it occurs in everyday learning , involves（涉及）a “ sudden insight ” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation . As we have seen , everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past , which is involved in the solution .
52. Newton , Kepler and Einstein are mentioned in the first paragraph to .
A. bring about the subject of the discussion
B. explain that scientists are more creative
C. show the difference between science and arts
D. prove that arts require more personal efforts
53. While knowledge from the past plays an important role in their achievements , thinkers sometimes also depend on their .
A. artistic tastes B. sudden insight
C. admiration of discoveries D. scientific experiments
54. What does the underlined word “ this ” refer to ?
A. Great contributions to the society .
B. Long-time study of the subject matter .
C. Various statements about problem solving .
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation .
55. We may conclude from the passage that .
A. it is more likely to make scientific and artistic discoveries in everyday learning
B. a sudden insight and knowledge from the past are required in making discoveries
C. scientific discoveries or artistic creations are usually unpredictable in nature
D. knowledge of the rules in the past is often developed in the changes of situation
（05天津E） 51-55 BABBB
高考链接参考答案
这是一个电子邮件,文中介绍了美国被誉为 “民权运动之母”的伟大女性Rosa Parks的成就以及她去世后给予的荣誉.
1.主旨题. 从Susan电子邮件中即可获知答案.
2.猜词题. 根据Susan电子邮件, Please read Professor Hume’s email …(请阅读Hume教授的电子邮件)及本句,即可得知答案.
3.推理题. 根据倒数第二段第三,四句Rice said …, “but I can honestly say that without Mrs Parks, I probably would not be standing here as secretary of State” (但是我可以诚实地讲,没有Parks夫人,我就不可能作为国务卿站在这里.)说明黑人能当选国务卿要职,种族平等已得到社会认可是由于Rosa Park的政治影响,即可推出答案C.
4.细节题.根据文章的最后一段,即可得知答案.
命题思路: 本文为应用文,书信体裁. 考查学生的细读,深层理解,推理判断的能力.
07山东 C ACBBAA
语篇解读: 一位普通的音乐教师却赢得了全国优秀教师的荣誉,是什么使她享有如此殊荣?是她的努力,创造力、以及她的一切付出.并且她坚信艺术,音乐,体育与其他课程是同等重要的.
1.猜测词义. 由此句的后半句” with almost no money for equipment or supplies…”可知此项任务是不可能interesting或creative. 而她的教学工作也与unbearable (不可忍受)”无关.
2.细节题.由文章第一段可得出答案.
3.推理题. 由文章第二段以及倒数第四段的具体介绍可得出答案.
4.细节题.文章的倒数第四段具体讲述了她如何利用到的课堂的知识为她的音乐课服务,从而提高学生的兴趣.
5.细节题. 由文章的倒数第一段可得出结论.
6.推理题. 从文章倒数第三段”这项殊荣对于Granite Falls镇的居民来讲意味着许多,得知来自一个小镇的人们竟然可以获得国家级奖励是令人兴奋的.”可推出答案..
命题思路: 文章内容围绕人物展开,题目也就文章重点设问,重点考查学生能否把握文章的主线,围绕教师这一人物把内容理顺.
06 CBB
【语篇理解】本文简要介绍了著名的黑人女作家Morrison在文学创作上取得的成就，着重推介了她最新出版的新作----《 爱 》。
1. 本文主要介绍了Morrison和她的新作，故C项是最佳标题。其他三项都是片面的。
2. 第一段最后一句：自1962年以来Morrison是第一个且也是唯一一个在美国出生的诺贝尔文学奖的获得者，而之后符合这个条件的是Steinbeck，他在1962年获得诺贝尔文学奖。由此可确信Steinbeck也是在美国出生的作家。
3. 第二段的首句。multigenerational（多代人的）是关键词。
4. 第三段详细叙述了这一情况。
命题思路：本文为人物介绍类的说明文。
高考实战演练 BCACC CACBC
21. 从上下文两句之间的转折关系和后面的“因为政治上的积极活跃而遭到驱逐“可以作出判断。
22. 文中没有提到对“足球明星“ 的任何评价，所以根据上下文的推断应该是在他发动政变参加竞选之前是球星，因此用former.
23. 句中的rebuilding 和后面的by Civil War（内战）可以确定这个国家是因为内战而变得四分五裂，需要重建。
24. 这些事实是为了说明前任总统在任职期间国家动荡不安，冲突不断。
25. 和前任总统相比，Ms. Johnson 就任后应该着力改变过去，用break 意味着告别过去， 创造未来。
26. 从句中的主语many years of problems , 因此应该是这些问题是一些不和谐、不协调继续存在。
27. 一位总统的职责是要改善人们的生活，而不是去直接拯救人们的生命。
28. 呼应文中第一句，她是非洲历史上第一位女总统，因此她的就职仪式是“历史性的”。
29. Ms. Johnson 刚刚在总统选举中取得胜利，信息词可以是：new
30. “the Iron Lady”(铁娘子)，喻义明显“强硬，铁腕”