Word power to Project language points
1. think of／think about／think over
这三个词组都与“想”有关，但所表达的含义有所不同。
think of 多用来指“想起，认为”。
Last night，before I went to bed，I thought of my parents．昨晚我睡觉前，想起了我的父母。
What do you think of that book？你认为那本书怎么样？
think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考”。
Think about what you have done！想想你所做的这一切吧！
think over 意思是“仔细考虑，认真思考”。
Before you answer this question，please think it over.在回答这个问题之前，请认真考虑一下。
2. former adj. 从前的
in former times 从前
The owner of that shop is Mr Brown - the former owner was Mr Johnson.
my former teacher我以前的老师
my late teacher 我已故的老师
the former 前者 the latter 后者
Of swimming and football he much preferred the former. 在游泳和足球中他更喜欢前者。
the former …the latter
We used to insist on the difference between love and liking. The former seemed much more beautiful than the latter. 我们曾经坚持把爱和喜欢分开。爱是比喜欢华丽许多的。
注：former, past, old 虽然都和过去有关，但侧重点不同。 former：“过去曾经是...的、 前任….”, past: “过去的” old“老的、从前的”。
例如: former president 前总统 past experience以往的经验 my old school我的母校
3. recently adv. 最近
I haven’t heard from her recently / lately.
The accident happened quite recently.
recent adj. 新近的, 近来的
recent news 最近新闻
a recent visit to the city 对这个城市最近的访问
recently, lately, later, presently 的区别：
recently: 最近，进来，常与quite, just, but, very 搭配，用于过去时，现在完成时。
lately是副词，意为“最近；近来”相当于recently，常与现在完成时连用。通常用于疑问句，否定句，肯定句。用only lately, as lately as 表示不久前。如：
I haven’t heard from him lately．我最近没收到他的来信。
later为late的比较级，意为“较迟的（地）”。另外，还可用作副词，意为“后来”。如：
He goes home later than anybody．他回家比谁都晚。
See you later．回头见。
presently: = soon ,不久，马上
4. Twelve science labs are available for different experiments.
available
1) (物) 可得到的, 可用的
星期六演出的票弄不到了. There were no tickets available for Saturday’s performance.
This kind of book is not available in Rugao.
These facilities are available to members only.
There is only little money available for the trip.
2) (人) 可会见的, 有空的
I’m not available this afternoon.
5. develop
1). 养成, 培养, 产生
他养成了读书时记笔记的习惯.He has developed / formed the habit of making notes while reading.
我对历史产生了兴趣.I have developed an interest in history.
2) 发展, 发扬
我们要发扬优点,克服缺点. We should develop our good points and overcome our shortcomings.
3) 开发, 培养
China is developing the west.
4) 冲洗(胶卷) develop the films
[拓展]
developing adj. 发展中的
developed adj. 发达的
development n. 发展with the development of … 随着… 的发展
a developing country发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家
develop photos / pictures / photographs 冲洗照片
develop (……) from…… 由……发展而来
develop (……) into…… 发展成为……
with the development of 随着……的发展
Plants develop from seeds
He developed the little store into a big department store.
The place has developed from a fishing port into a tourist centre.
6. donate vt. 捐赠[献]
donate …to … 把…捐献给…
donate blood to a blood bank 向血库献血
donate 1, 000 dollars to a school给一所学校捐赠1, 000美元
The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital. 这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
donation n.捐赠[献]; 赠品; 捐款
a blood donation 献血
make / give a donation 捐赠
7. gift n.[C] 赠品；礼物
a birthday / Christmas gift
天赋，天资；才能
a person of many gifts 多才多艺的人
have a gift for 对...有天赋
Ex：他有诗/艺术/语言的天才。He has a gift for poetry / art / language.
gifted adj. 有才华的；有天才的
a gifted student
8. display vt. 展示，陈列
The museum is planning to display the new paintings it has bought.
The children's work was displayed on the wall.
n. 陈列, 展览
(be) on display = (be) on show 正在展览中
The work was on display.作品正在展出。
Display: 展示用以销售
Show: 展示；秀
Exhibition: 展览，展览会，，显示，公开的表演，侧重于收集品，文物等的展示。
9. kindness
do sb. a kindness = do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙; 为某人做好事
out of kindness 出于仁慈, 出于好意
Thank you for all your kindness. 感谢你的帮助。
He has done me many kindnesses. 他对我很关心。
10. speech
Speech is silver, but silence is gold. 缄默胜于善辩。
make a speech (on……) 发表演说
lose one's speech 不能说话, 说不出话
an opening / a closing speech 开幕/闭幕词
11. attention n. 注意
Attention please, fellows! 伙计们,请注意!
pay / give attention to (doing) sth. 注意
attract / catch / draw one’s attention 引起某人的注意
call one’s attention to 叫某人注意某事
devote one’s attention to 专心于
focus one’s attention on 专心于
bring sth. to sb.’s attention 吸引某人注意某事
stand at attention 立正
He did not pay attention to the teacher.
She drew my attention to the point I had overlooked.
I will call his attention to this matter.
Ex: 注意在天黑之前准备好一切。Pay attention to getting everything ready before dark.
11. please vt. 使…满意，取悦
a picture that pleases the eye 一幅悦目的图画
It's difficult to please him.
Ex: 那个男孩子的成功使他父母很高兴。
The boy’s success pleased his parents.
=His parents were pleased with/at the boy’s success.
as you please / like / wish 随你的意思, 随你喜欢
be easily pleased 容易说话
be pleased to (do) 乐意; 承蒙; 肯
be pleased with / at 对……高兴，满意
please oneself 乐意怎样就怎样
I shall do as I please.
I’ll be pleased to lend you the book.
Ex：她对新房间很满意。
She was pleased with her new room.
拓展：
1)pleased指外物作用于感官,使人感到"高兴 、满意、喜欢",常见的结构为:be pleased+不定式或从句,be pleased with, be pleased at (about)。例如:
I'm very pleased with the performance.
We're pleased about (at) your success.
I'm quite pleased that she has got such a good chance.
2)pleasant意为"令人愉快的,舒畅的,非常好的,讨人喜欢的,风趣的"。例如:
They spent a very pleasant afternoon in the hills.
Spring weather is pleasant.
He talked in a pleasant way.
3)pleasing指某物或某人"使他人高兴、招人喜爱"。例如:
These flowers are very pleasing.
The girl has pleasing manners.
4)pleasure是名词,指"快乐,愉快的事,乐趣"。例如:It's a pleasure to meet you.
May I have the pleasure of dancing with you.
pleasant, pleasing, pleased的区别：
(1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而 不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。
I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。
(2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、 满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感，传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事 物。
An actor should have a pleasing personality.表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。
(3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时，句子的主语只能是“人”，而不能 是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对……表示满意”之意。
She had a pleased look 0n his face. 她脸上露出了满意的表情。
12. dynasty
the Ming Dynasty 明朝王朝
change a dynasty 改朝换代
establish / found a dynasty 创建王朝
the fall of the Sui Dynasty and the rise of the Tang Dynasty 隋朝的覆灭和唐朝的兴起
13. cover
from cover to cover 从头到尾
under the cover of 在...掩护下; 打着...的幌子
Ex: 他通读了全书。
He read the book from cover to cover. 部队趁着夜色行军。
The troops marched under the cover of night.
v. 覆盖
She covered the table with a cloth.
be covered with / by
The whole village was covered with white snow .
行过（路程）；通过
I want to cover 100 miles by dark.
占（时间或空间）
The town covers (an area of) 5 square miles. 小镇占地5平方英里。
涉及,包含
His studies covered a wide field. 他的知识渊博。
报导,采访
The best reporters were sent to cover the war.最优秀的记者被派去作战地报道。
负担，弥补损失，补进卖完的货物
They are trying to cover the expenses these days.
14. regret n. 遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 with regret 很抱歉地
vt. 遗憾, 惋惜; 抱歉悔恨, 懊悔悼念, 哀悼; 怀念, 想念
I regret (to say) that... 我很遗憾...; 很抱歉...
It is to be regretted that ... 使人遗憾的是...; 真可惜...
I regret to tell you that my friend is ill. 遗憾地告诉你, 我的朋友病了
To this day I do not regret having made that remark. 说了这话, 我至今不后悔。
He died regretted by all. 他死了, 大家深感痛惜。
regret + sth. 对……惋惜，后悔
regret + doing 对已发生的事表示“遗憾，后悔”，即“做了某事而感到遗憾或后悔”
regret + that… that 从句 (从句中用虚拟语气, 即should do, should 可以省略)
regret + to do 对将要发生的事表示“抱歉，遗憾”，即“遗憾地做某事”
regret to have done …./ having done / doing …对已发生的事感到遗憾
regretful adj.
be regretful for... 后悔...
15. inform vt. 通知，告知
inform sb. of / about sth. 通知某人某事
inform sb. that…… / wh-…… 通知某人某事
be informed of 听说; 接到...的通知
keep ... informed 随时向...报告情况
be well informed about sth.精通某事; 对某事消息灵通
I informed her mother of her safe arrival.= I informed her mother that she had safely arrived.
His letter informed us how and when he would arrive in Beijing.
Keep me informed of what happens.
Ex: 他把你的决定告诉了我。 He informed me of your decision.
校长告诉我们下星期学校将停一天课。
The headmaster informed us that the school would be closed for one day next week.
16. run(1) 经营，管理
Some students will run a factory. 有些学生要办一家工厂。
（2）开动（机器等）；驾驶；（使）运转
I can’t run a truck. 我不会开卡车。
（4）在…...上跑来跑去，跑过
We ran the course.我们沿那条道跑。
Run across sb/sth 偶然遇见某人/某物
run after 追赶，（尤指女性）追求（男子）
run out of用完，耗尽。 及物动词短语，有被动形式。
run out 用完。不及物动词短语，没有被动形式。
Give out 用完；耗尽；力竭。没有被动形式。
Use up 用完；耗尽。有被动形式。
1）I have run out of money.
2) Their food was running out fast so the climbers had to return.
3) His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.
4) They have used up their money.
run away with 和……一起逃跑／走
run over 撞倒某人并轧过其身体（之一部分）
run through意为“穿过；流过”等。
run into: 碰到, 和…相撞, 达到, 使…扎进
He’ run into trouble in his job.
The car skidded and ran into a lamp-post.
The money they spent on the project ran into 100,000,000 Yuan.
The needle ran into her finger.
17. host n. 主持人，主人，东道主
a host country / city 主办国/城市
Mr Brown was our host at the party.
The host team and the guest team won each of the games, so they were even with each other.
hostess n. 女主人, 女房东, 女老板, 女服务员
air hostess 空姐
host v. 主办(宴会等); 款待, 作主人招待
The meeting was hosted by our university.
18. approve vt. / vi. 批准，通过，赞成
approve + (of) + (doing) sth.
I don’t approve of your decision.
My parents don't approve of me / my smoking.
Ex: 我不赞成浪费时间。 I don't approve of wasting time.
approval n. 赞成；赞许
He showed his approval by smiling. 他用微笑表示赞成。
6. broadcast
The CBS broadcasts the news at 7 p.m. 哥伦比亚广播公司在下午七点播报新闻。
The news broadcast will be at 7.00.
He will appear on tomorrow's broadcast. 他明天将在广播中出现。
The BBC broadcasts every day. 英国广播公司每天广播。
7. preparation
He has never done enough preparations for his examinations. 他对考试从来不作好充分准备的。
be in preparation 在准备中
in preparation for 作为...的准备
make preparations for 为...作准备
The country is making preparations for the war.
They have sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.
Ex: 晚会正在准备中。
The party is in preparation. 她买了一件新外套以备冬天之用。
She bought a new coat in preparation for winter. 他们在为这次考试做准备。
They are making preparations for the examination.
8. close
a close friend
I live close to the shops.
They are close in age.
close to home 接近事实
What she said was very close to home.她说的情况非常接近事实。
close adj. 不通风的；闷热的
close weather 闷热的天气
密切的，紧密的
We keep a close watch on the prisoners. （密切注意）
Teachers have a close relationship with the students.
9. continue
继续 vi. / vt.
The fighting continued for a week.
The road continues to the sea.
continue + (with) sth.
continue + doing / to do
I’ll continue (with) my study for another two years.
He continued to read / reading when I spoke to him.
持续……的情况，仍旧 vi.
I hope this wet weather will not continue.
The earthquake continued for about 15 minutes.
The weather continued (to be) cold.
to be continued 待续（用于报刊上连载的文章等）
10. generation
the present / past / coming generation 现在的/过去的/将来的一代人
the rising / young generation 青年
We belong to the same generation. 我们是同龄人。
from generation to generation
= generation after generation
= one generation after another 一代一代
11. select
She lets her son select his own Christmas present.
They were selected from many applicants. 他们是从许多报名者当中选出来的。
selected poems / short stories 诗选/短篇小说精选
12. require
require + sth. 需要某物
require / want / need + doing 需要(被)做某事
require / want / need+ to be done 需要(被)做某事
require + that……(should)…… 必须做…
It requires that ... 有...的必要
require sth. of sb. 对某人有...的要求
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
They require our help.
The room requires cleaning. = The room requires to be cleaned.
His health requires that he (should) go to bed early.
What do you require of me? 你要求我做什么？
All passengers are required to show their tickets. 所有乘客都必须出示车票。
Ex：这面墙需要修了。This wall requires repairing.= This wall requires to be repaired.
我需要他帮助我。I require that he (should) help me.
法院命令他交付罚款。
The court required that he (should) pay the fine. = The court required him to pay the fine.
requirement n.
meet one’s requirements / needs / demands 满足某人的需要
13. scary
a scary movie / story
scared adj.
scare v.
a scared little girl
14. nature
against nature 违反自然的
keep / destroy the balance of nature
the beauties of nature 自然界的美
in nature 在自然界；本质上
natural adj.
natural resources 自然资源
natural way 自然方式