SEFC Book 1A
Unit 2 In the lab
【目的与要求】
通过对课文"Look carefully and learn" 的学习，掌握英语中表示命令的请求的句式。
【知识要点】
1. 日常交际用语：
Here are some dos and don'ts.
Follow…instructions.
What sure that…
Do what he or she tells you to do.
2. 祈使名在直接引语和间接引语中的变化
【重点与难点分析】
Lesson 5 Dialogue
1. show的用法
①to offer for seeing (拿给人看) Show sth (to sb)或 show sb.sth.
He showed his ticket at the door. 在门口的时候他拿出了他的票。
The doctor said,"Can you show me your tongue? 医生说："能让我看一下你的舌头吗？"
② to go with and guide or direct. (引导、带领)
May I show you to your seat? 可以让我带你到你的座位吗？
Show the gentleman in. 把那位先生领进来。
③ make known or clear. 表明，说明。
The results show that you are right. 结果证明你是对的。
The introduction shows you how to use this machine. 介绍教给你怎样使用这台机器。
2. Have been 和have gone
①Have you been in this lab before?
②My father has goon to Shanghai on business.
③- " Where is Lily? "
--" She has gone to the library."
--" Do you know where it is? "
--Sure, I have been there many times. I will show you the way.
--Thank you.
注：have been to/in 强调过去式或去过多少次，着重指到目前的一个结果。
Have gone to 讲的是现在的情况，着重指现在人不在，只用于第三人称。
3、Before和ago
①I have never seen such a good film before. 我以前从未看过这么好的电影。
②He finished this job not long before. 他不久前刚完成这项工作。
③注：before可以单独使用，表"以前"，也可以和ever, never, 或者示时间段连用，
如，ten years before,常与完成时连用。
We first met you two years ago 我们2年前第一次见到你
注：ago从不单独使用，也不能与ever, never连用。但可与表示时间段的词连用，表多长时间前，所以必须用过去时。
4、Once的用法
①Once you are (in) here, listen to your teacher's instructions.
一旦你来到这儿，就要听从老师的要求。
②Once you Understand my words, you will believe me.
一旦你听懂了我的话，你就会相信。
注：上面两个例名中once是连词，主句的动作是从句动作的条件，表"一旦"
①Take this medicine once a day. 这药一天吃一次。
②Try it once more. 再试一次。
③Take it away at once! 马上把拿来！
5. Unless的用法
Unless = if not 如果不…就…
①He told me that he wouldn'tt go to the party unless was invited.
他说如果不被邀请他就不去参加那个晚会。
②Stay home unless I phone.
除非我打电话，否则一直呆在家里别出去。
6. Sure的用法
① I'm sure of his honesty.
sure that he is honest. 我相信他是诚实的。
注：be sure of + 名词/that …
②He is sure to come. 他一定会来。
③make sure
I remember that there is a plane at 8:30 PM, but you'd better make sure.
我记得晚上8：30有一次航班，不过你最好去确定一下。
Please make sure how many professors will take part in this meeting.
请去确认一下有多少教授会来参加这个会。
7. allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事。
①After finishing the homework, the boy is allowed to watch TV.
写完作业以后，男孩被允许去看电视。
②Once the concert starts, nobody is allowed to enter the concert hall.
一旦音乐会开始了，没人可以进去。
③No smoking allowed.
禁止吸烟。
8. 这课书的一些动宾搭配
Tidy the lab. 打扫实验室。
Turn on / off the lights / electricity. 打开/关上/电灯/电器
Shut the door / windows. 关门/窗
Lock the door. 锁门
Lesson 6 Look carefully and learn
9. make的语法
make +宾语 +宾补
①Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.
马克思把伦敦作为他革命工作的基地。
②Would you like to make yourself known to us?
你愿意做一下自我介绍吗？
③You may take a horse to the water, but you can not make him drink.
④What you did made me sad.
你的所做所为使我很难过。
注：make后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to，但被动语态须带to。 如：
⑤He was made to be our leader.
10. Sound, smell, taste, feel, look, 表示人的感觉的连系动词
①The surface of the table feels rough.
桌面感觉很粗糙。
②This plan sounds good.
这个计划听起来还不氏。
③The dish tastes terrible
这道茶味道不太好。
④You look pale, you'd better go to see a doctor.
你面色苍白，最好去看医生。
⑤The neat smells bad.
肉变味了。
11．Instead和instead of
① I went to Guangzhou by air instead of by train.
我乘飞机去广州，没坐火车。
②Mary played the piano at the concert instead of playing the violin.
Mary didn't play the violin at the concert, instead , she played the piano.
音乐会上，Mary没拉小提琴，而是弹钢琴。
注：instead of 后面接名词、代词、动词 ing 形式，改写成instead 句型时要注意②的变化。
12. return
①When does he return from school?
他什么时候放学回家？
②MiLu Deer returned to china.
麋鹿重逢中国。
③Please return the book to the library on time.
请按时把书还给图书馆。
注：return有back的意思，所以不能用return back。另外还用pay back (the money)to sb. 而不用return to。
13. None和no one
①None of us know(s) you. 我们没人认识你。
No one knows you. 没人认识你。
②None of these dictionaries belongs to me?
没有一本字典是我的。
注：None通常与of边用，表二个以上全部否定。即可以指"没有一个人"，也可以指"没有一个物"，但no one只指人，不指物，也不能与of边，谓语动词可单可复。
14. Enough
①The students didn't look carefully enough.
学生们看得不够仔细。
②He is old enough to dress himself.
他能自己空衣服了。
③We don't have enough money to buy it.
我们没有足够的钱去买它。
④There isn't enough room to hold so many people.
这没有足够的地方容纳这么多人。
注：enough修饰名词时放在前 enough+n. 修饰形容词或副词时放在后adj/adv+enough.
15. On holiday 度假
① The old couples are on holiday in London.
老夫雪在伦敦度假。
16. While 并列边词，表句意转折
① Mother is watching TV, while father is reading the newspapers.
妈妈在看电视，爸爸在读报纸。
② You like sports, while I like music.
你喜欢体育，我喜欢音乐。
17. 直接引语和间接引语
本单元的语法重点是直接引语和间接引语，本单元的checkpoint中例举了四对例句，表明转述祈使句时的变化，现作归纳讲解。
① 如果直接引语是表示请求的口气，则间接引语用 ask sb.to do sth.
如果直接引语是表示命令的口气，则间接引语用 tell / order sb.to do sth.
② 否定式是not to do sth.
③ 注意人称，时态做相应变化。
例： "Do not eat cold food " , the doctor said.
→the doctor told the patient not to eat cold food.
D "Do some shopping for me , please." ,he said to her.
→He asked her to do some shopping for him.
Y "You must do everything as I do" ,the professor said.
→The professor ordered his students to do everything as he did.
【典型例题】
1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him __. (95年高考)
A.not to B. Not to do C.not to it D.do not to
2.You will be late ______ you leave immediately. (96年高考)
A.unless B.until C.if D.or
3.I can hardly hear the radio, Would you please ___________ .
A.turn it on B.turn it down C.turn it up D.turn it off
4.When he was sixty years old, he __________ his hometown.
A.returned B.returned back C.returned to D.went back
5.Mr Green is ill, so today Miss Zhou teaching his class_____________ .
A.instead B.instead of C.insead him D.to take place
6.His explanation ______________ strange, but in fact it is reasonable.
A.sounds. B.sounded C.is sounded D.sound
7._________ How much water is left- ?
A.No one. B.None. C.Nothing D.Nobody.
8.That is ___________ me.
A. enough good to. B.enough good for. C.good enough for. D.good enoough to.
9．What about for a drink?
A.going out. B.go out. C.went out. D.you go out.
10. You can see a post office the other side of the street.
A.by. B.at. C.in. D.on.
请将下列句子进行直接引语和间接引语的互换。
1.He said to her, "Go away! "
2.Mother said to me, Come back before 10:00.
3.She asked us to sit down.
4.He told the boys not to make so much noise.
5.She told us not to touch anything.
【答案】
1-5. A.A.C.C.A. 6-10. A.B.C.A.D.
1.He ordered her to go away.
2.Mother told me to come back before 10:00.
3.She said to as ,"please sit down."
4.He said , "Don't make so much noise ,boys."
5.She said, "Don't tough anything."
分析：1.本题考查祈使句转为间接引语的用法，完整的句子应为 "His mother told him not to ride in the street." 为了避免重复，省略了ride in the street.
2.本题考查词义辨析。unless为"除非，"unit (为 …才，常用来表延续动作)
或状态直到某时刻结束，如选①应为Leave immediately, or you will be late.
3.turn on 为"打开"，turn off为"关闭"， turn up为"把…调高.
turn down"把…调低"
4.return是不及物动词,返回某地要用return to.
5.instead of是介词短语，表示"代替了…"实际上是"舍"。Instead是副词，表示"取" 本句意思为：格林先生病了，于是周小姐替他上课。
6.none表示三者以上的否定，两者的否定用neither,常回答以How many或How much
7.开头的疑问句，既可表示人也可表示物。
no one一般指人，回答以who开头的疑问句。
8.enough后常接for或不定式，表示结果，此句为"对我来说够好了。"另外还有：You
are kind enough to help us.肯帮助我们，你真好。
9.what about? …怎么样？ 因为about是介词，所以后面要跟动名词或句词。
10.on the side of 指两边或这边与那边相对，by the side of 表示在…旁边，
at the side of 意为在…的边上。