高 二 英 语（第13讲）
主讲：郑天德 （苏州中学）
[教学内容]
教学要求：
一、易拼错的单词：
narrow diversity Atlantic influence conquer council prediction contemporary necessity genetics identify imitate virtual absurd definition
二、难掌握的单词与短语：
require, in store, indicate, ensure, make the most of, influence, approach
三、语法：名词性从句
[难点补遗]
1、country, nation及state:
country表示国家，最常用，侧重于领土、幅员：
Canada is a country nearly as large as China. 加拿大几乎与中国一样大。
Cuba is a small country. 古巴是一个小国。
nation则侧重民族，国民：
At the news of Lincoln’s death, the whole nation was deep in sorrow.
听到林肯遇难的消息，全国陷入深深的悲痛之中。
联合国：the United Nations，指不同国家与民族的联合。
state侧重于行政：
a state visit 国家访问 head of state 国家元首
a welfare state 福利国家 a state farm 国营农场
2、consider v.t. 考虑，认为……，常见用法：
Please consider my suggestion.
I considered moving into the countryside.
Teachers consider Tom (as) a good student.
to be
Most people considered him (to be) honest.
Everyone considered it greatly improved.
I considered Tom to have passed the exam. (cf: Tom is considered to have passed the exam.)
I considered that Tom had passed the exam.
3、need, require及want等等，见以下例子：
My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。
wants wants
requires
The teacher wanted them not to make so much noise. 老师要求他们不要那么吵。
required
asked
requested
上句中用wanted最常见；用required较正式，有命令色彩；而asked与requested比较客气的请求。
They wanted to know the truth of the accident. 他们要求知道事故的真相。
needed
demanded
asked
wanted最普遍要求，needed指客观需要，而demanded指急需，强烈要求，不容否定的要求，而语气婉转时也可用asked或requested.
4、trend v/n 趋向：
The road trends to the south.（原义）以下转义：
His opinion trends towards open minded ways. 他的观点比较开放。
The trend of prices is still upward. 物价依然看涨。
The trend of modern living is away from many old customs.
现代生活方式渐渐摆脱旧框框。
[语法补遗]
有些连词引导的从句作表语时也算名词性从句，例：
You look as if you don’t care. 你看上去似乎不在乎。
She felt as though Jack were a member of her own family.
Now it was as if she had known me for years. 现在她好象认识我多年了。
That’s because he has been ill. 那是因为他病了。
I think the teacher’s anger is because you were late again this morning.
我认为老师生气是因为今天上午你又迟到了。
[单元检测]
一、单项选择：
1、The special class _______ 20 boys and 18 girls.
A. makes up B. consists of C. is made of D. is consisted of
2、His ________ in democracy led him to _______ against the “gang of four”.
A. belief, fight B. believes, fighting C. spirit, fight D. confidence, fighting
3、When I looked out of the window, I found the train was _______ Shanghai Station.
A. coming in B. going close C. approaching D. getting into
4、Now net games have turned out to be a bad ________ on middle school students.
A. effect B. influence C. impression D. result
5、He is absent. It is ______ he has attended another important meeting.
A. because B. why C. that D. the reason why
6、He asked _________ for the laptop.
A. how much did I pay B. that how much I paid
C. how much I paid D. how I paid much
7、Word came _______ we were defeated in the football game.
A. that B. which C. what D. why
8、They did ________ to rescue the people in the flooded area. Choose the wrong answer:
A. all they could B. what they could C. all what they could D. all that they could
9、It is said ______ has been imported from Germany.
A. that B. that that C. that what D. that which
10、It is generally _______ unwise to buy a house far away from downtown.
A. considering B. considered C. considered being D. considering to be
11、________ the students well ______ for the mid-term exam, the teacher felt satisfied.
A. Seen, prepared B. Seeing, prepared C. Seen, preparing D. Seeing, preparing
12、When was it beside the dustbin ______ you found the dead girl?
A. where B. in which C. which D. that
13、_______ works out the maths problem will win the prize.
A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Those D. Anyone
14、Is this house _______ he lived ten years ago?
A. where B. the one C. in which D. that
15、India is a large ________ with a history of 5000 years.
A. nation B. state C. country D. government
16、Now our country has become the society where more and more old people ______. Choose the wrong answer:
A. need taking care of B. want taking care of
C. require to be taken care of D. want to be taken care of
17、30 years ago almost all factories in our _______ were owned by _______.
A. country, the state B. country, the nation
C. nation, the state D. nation, the country
18、Here’s my first email. Let’s keep _______ each other.
A. in touch of B. in touch with C. into touch for D. in connection with
19、_________ you’ll surely succeed _______.
A. Work hard, in time B. Working hard and, in time
C. Work hard and, in time D. Working hard, on time
20、The young policeman didn’t know __________ so serious a traffic accident.
A. what to deal with B. what to do with
C. how to do with D. how dealing with
二、完形填空：
Tom used to work at a little railway station. He was very __1__ about “rules”. For __2__,he never smoked in a nonsmoker, nor __3__ a passenger to do so.
He was there for 50 years and then he had to __4__. He asked for a part of an old railway carriage which, he thought, would remind him of the __5__ days he had spent at the station.
About a week later, a carriage was __6__ and was taken into Tom’s back __7__. Tom worked at it, just as he had worked at the station. It was __8__ and painted, and in a week __9__ so it looked very nice.
One day, I went to visit old Tom. It was a __10__ day for a visit. It was raining hard. I walked to the front door and __11__, but there was no answer. However, the door wasn’t __12__, so I opened it and went in. He was __13__ to be seen. I thought he __14__ be in that old railway carriage. So I went to the back. Sure enough, he __15__ there, but he wasn’t sitting in the carriage; he was outside, on the step of the carriage, __16__ his pipe. His head was __17__with a sack and the rain was running down his __18__. “Hello, why on earth are you sitting here? Why don’t you go inside the __19__ out of the rain?”
“Can’t you see?” said Tom. “The carriage they sent me was __20__.”
1. A. careful B. serious C. strict D. worried
2. A. some reason B. some time C. safety D. example
3. A. allowed B. persuaded C. forbad D. advised
4. A. rest B. retire C. return D. leave
5. A. sad B. happy C. busy D. interesting
6. A. made B. repaired C. sent D. posted
7. A. room B. kitchen C. shed D. garden
8. A. cleaned B. washed C. rebuilt D. fixed
9. A. or B. and C. as D. then
10.A. bad B. good C. terrible D. cold
11.A. entered B. stopped C. looked D. knocked
12.A. closed B. shut C. locked D. opened
13.A. nowhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. elsewhere
14.A. must B. might C. can’t D. might not
15.A. worked B. stood C. was D. wasn’t
16.A. cutting B. eating C. examining D. smoking
17.A.tired B. covered C. wrapped D. hidden
18.A. legs B. back C. arms D. chest
19.A. house B. tent C. carriage D. train
20.A. too small B. too dirty C. a smoker D. a nonsmoker
三、阅读理解：
Dorothea Shaw is 71 years old and nearly blind, and she chose to live alone far away from people. She lives in Belize -- a county the size of Wales with a population only that of Swansea. Her home is at Gales Point, a tiny village which can be reached only by sea or air; after a 10-mile walk into the hills one finally reaches a piece of land and two small houses so hidden in the thick over-grown forest that only a handful of people know Dorothea is there.
She lives happily and totally alone – growing her vegetables, looking after her trees and dogs, cats and chickens. Once a month or so an old friend passes by with her food supplies and letters--usually including a letter from her sister in Scunthorpe and some bits of clothing from friends in Canada. Sometimes a local man will come and cut wood for her and a group of British soldiers will come across her and be greeted with the offer of a cup of coffee.
At night she lies in her tiny sleeping room with the dogs on the floor, the cats on the table near the typewriter and one of the hens settled down in a corner of the bookshelf, and listens for hours to any Spanish, English, German or French broadcasts she can find on her radio. Sometimes she gets lonely but most of the time the animals and the radio are company enough.
But recently the very things which she had tried to get free from so well have begun to catch up with her. The peace of the forest has been destroyed by the noise of earth-moving machines not many miles away. What she once only heard of distantly on the radio is now on her doorstep. Things began to change three years ago. The new main north-south road in Belize was cut through the forest only four or five miles away. “Now more people know I’m here.” She says. “I feel more and more uneasy each day.”
1、Dorothea’s small houses ________.
A. are entirely surrounded by trees B. have always been her home
C. were built for just a few people D. are in a county with the same population as Wales
2、Dorothea lives in the tiny village because ________.
A. she doesn’t like living near people B. she is too old to move
C. machines destroyed her home D. there’s nowhere else for her to live
3、Dorothea doesn’t get lonely since she has _______ with her.
A. her sister B. some animals C. friends from Canada D. a postman
4、Dorothea spends a lot of time __________.
A. growing all the food she needs B. cutting down trees
C. listening to the radio D. studying languages
5、Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Dorothea doesn’t hear from her sister once a month or so.
B. The cats and hens are settled down in a corner of the bookshelf.
C. More and more people come to visit her now.
D. Dorothea’s quiet life has been affected because of the making of a new road.
四、短文改错：
There is a great deal land in the fifty United States, but there 1________
also a great many of people. Where did people come from? 2________
The first Americans were Indians. Today there are about 900000
American Indians. There is one part of country with an especially 3________
large Indian population. That is the southeast of American. 4________
The black people first came to America from Africa for slaves 5________
President Lincoln freed the slaves in 1863. About eleven percent the 6________
present population are black people.
The first immigrants in American history come from England and 7_______
the Netherlands. Soon immigrants began to come from many other 8_______
countries. In 1790 the new nation had fewer four million people. 9_______
Today there are more than 210 millions, including the people 10_______
from every part of the world.
参 考 答 案
一、1、B 2、A 3、C 4、B 5、A 6、C 7、A 8、C 9、B 10、B 11、B 12、D 13、A 14、A 15、C 16、C 17、A 18、B 19、C 20、B
二、1、C 2、D 3、A 4、B 5、B 6、C 7、D 8、A 9、A 10、A 11、D 12、C 13、A 14、A 15、C 16、D 17、B 18、B 19、C 20、D
三、1、A 2、A 3、B 4、C 5、D
四、1、deal ∨→ of 2、of → of 3、of∨ → the 4、American → America
5、for → as 6、percent ∨→ of 7、come → came 8、√ 9、fewer∨→ than
10、millions → million