1. 掌握词性变化
2. 掌握定语从句中必须用that的情况
（一）词汇
pronounce v. 发音
n. pronunciation
repeat v. 重复
adj. repeated 反复的，
majority n. 大多数 a majority of
adj. major 主要的，重要的
反义词 minority n. 少数 a minority of
adj. minor 次要的
native adj. 当地的，地道的
total adj./ n. 总的
in total
equal adj. 相等的，相当的
be equal to
government n. 政府
governor n. 执政官
except prep. 除了……还有
辨析except，except for，besides，in spite of，despite
except是介词，后面加名词或从句，
如：All of them went there except her.
He is always hot-tempered except when he sees her.
The coat is all right except the collar is a little tight.
except for也是介词词组，但它多强调对主句的补充说明，
如：The coat is all right except for the tight collar.
besides是介词，也是副词，表示“除了…还有…”，或“而且”
如：All the others went there besides her.
The price of this car is quite reasonable. Besides, we can give you some discount.
如：In spite of the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.
Despite the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.
organization n. 组织 World Trade Organization 世贸组织
tourism n. 旅游 tourist n. 游客
communicate v. 联系，交流 communicate with sb.
exchange v. 交换
bring in 引进
bring up 养育
compare v. 比较
compare A with B与compare A to B
compare A with B译为“把A和B做比较”
如：Compare this car with that one, you will find the difference at once.
compare A to B则译为“把A比喻为B”
如：People often compare a man to the sun, while woman to the moon.
compared with / to已经成为一个介词词组，经常做状语使用，
如：Nowadays the population has become quite big compared with/to the population at the beginning of this century.
（二）本章语法
定语从句中关系词必须用that的情况：
1. 被修饰的先行词是不定代词all，much，something，everything，nothing，none，the one等时，（注意：表示人的不定代词即可用that也可用who/whom）
如：Anyone who/that doesn’t like this film must tell me.
Do you have something that is very difficult to understand?
All（that）I can do is to give him some hope.
2. 被修饰的先行词还有一些特定意义的修饰词，如：the only、the very、just the、the right、any、every、no、all、much、many、little、few等，
如：The only thing（that）we know is that the universe is very big.
Any bus that can go there is OK.
This is just the/the very/the right book I am looking for.
There are few cars that are driving slowly.
Every car that has a high price is worth what it costs.
3. 被修饰的先行词还有序数词或最高级修饰，
如：This is the fifth book（that）you have read.
This is the best book（that）I have ever read.
4. 先行词既有人又有物或time，
如：Can you tell me the people and events（that）you saw in Britain?
The man and his dog that looked odd came to me quietly.
Each time that he came here, he would like to talk with her.
5. 句子中出现过which或who之类的词，为了避免重复，要用that，
如：Who is the man that is speaking?
The factory which produces shoes that are very good has gone bankrupt.
【典型例题】
[例1] Smokers always relax themselves by ______ of smoking.
A. way B. the way C. means D. method
（答案为C，by means of用…的方式）
[例2] The ______ number of the people invited are 55.
A. whole B. all C. total D. sum
（答案为C，表示总数，总额用total number）
[例3] Zhanghua is a good student and does well in maths. ______.
A. So is she B. Neither is she
C. So does she D. So it is with her
（答案为D，表示“也”时，如果遇到两种动词，就用so it is with sb.的形式）
[例4] ______ of people like you, that’s enough, don’t worry about the ______.
A. Main, rest B. Majority, minority
C. A majority, minority D. Majority, rest
（答案为C，“大多数”用a/the majority of，“少数”用a minority of）
[例5] He fell asleep with his book ______ open on his face.
A. lay B. lied C. lying D. laid
（答案为C，with的宾补，主动用现在分词）
[例6] The TV is quite good ______ the color is a little dark.
A. except B. except that
C. except when D. except for
（答案为B，except that加从句）
[例7] The third time ______ he came here, he could recognize（认出） most of us.
A. which B. C. whose D. when
（答案为B，先行词在定语从句中做时间状语）
[例8] Nothing ______ he said is useful.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
（答案为B，先行词是不定代词）
[例9] The doctor has done all ______ to save him.
A. which he could B. what he could
C. that he could it D. he could
（答案为D，all做先行词，且在定语从句中做宾语，可省略that）
[例10] People always learn things by doing them ______.
A. repeated B. repeating C. repeatedly D. repeatingly
（答案为C，repeatedly重复地）
[例11] ______ of the failures for many times, he kept on trying.
A. In spite B. despite C. because D. except
（答案为A，in spite of尽管）
[例12] The Olympic Games is ______.
A. well organizing B. well organized
C. good organizing D. good organized
（答案为B，副词修饰被动语态过去分词）
[例13] Children are often ______ flowers.
A. comparing to B. compared to
C. compared with D. comparing with
（答案为B，compare A to B，把A比做B）
【模拟试题】
一. 直接引语改间接引语。
1. This is all the teacher told us in class .
A. what B. that C. which D. of
2. This is the most difficult book .
A. which I have read it B. which I have read
C. I have read D. what I have read
3. He makes good use of the time he can spare（抽<时间> vt）.
A. which B. that C. in that D. in which
4. In the police station I saw the man from room the thief had stolen the TV set .
A. whom B. which C. whose D. that
5. - “ How do you like the book ? ”
- “ It’s quite different from I read last month . ”
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
6. It was he I met yesterday .
A. whose B. whom C. where D. which
7. to do now is to find out the meaning of this motto（座右铭）.
A. The thing what I want B. That I want C. What I want D.I want
8. I’m one of the boys never late for school .
A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
9. The young man is an engineer of our factory .
A. that you just talked B. whom you just talked to
C. which you just talked to D. who you just talked
10. The second book I want to read is Travels in China .
A. which B. what C. that D. as
11. The boy handed everything he had picked up in the street to the police .
A. which B. that C. what D. whatever
12. The only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue（母语）.
A. which B. whose C. that D. it
13. Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit .
A. where B. which C. what D. that
14. Is this museum they visited last month ?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
15. Is this the museum they visited last month ?
A. when B. where C. which D. the one
16. This is the third time here .
A. I had been B. I was C. I have been D. I will be
17. It is in this park we met each other .
A. where B. that C. which D. when
18. This is the very house we are looking for .
A. which B. where C. that D. whose
19. I’ve read all the books you gave me .
A. which B. them C. what D. that
20. There isn’t much I can do .
A. what B. which C. that D. how
21. He keeps a record（记录）of everything he had seen there .
A. he B. that C. which D. what
22. Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours .
A. that B. who C. which D. whom
23. Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China .
A. that B. where C. which D. what
24. The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year .
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
25. I’ll shoot anyone moves .
A. who B. which C. in which D. the one
26. This is the very film I’ve long wished to see .
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
27. There is no difficulty can’t be overcome in the world .
A. that B. which C. who D. what
28. All glitters（v发光）is not gold .
A. that B. which C. 不填 D. what
29. The doctor did all to save the wounded boy .
A. what he could
B. he could
C. everything which he could
D. for which he could do
30. Anyone this opinion may speak out .
A. that against B. that againsts
C. who is against D. who are against
31. He took all was here and left nothing .
A. what B. that C. which D. whose
32. I’m one of the boys never late for school .
A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that is
33. I’m the only one of the boys never late for school .
A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that are
34. The first gift my parents was a necklace .
A. gave it to me B. gave me C. gave it me D. gave it for me
35. cleans the blackboard should be praised .
A. Anyone B. Who C. The one who D. Those who
36. Dalian is the most satisfactory（令人满意的）place we’ve visited .
A. which B. that C. where D. in which
37. You may borrow any book .
A. that you interest B. which you are interested
C. that interests you D. which interests you
38. She spent the whole night talking about the things and the persons none of us has ever heard of .
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
39. He told us he had done .
A. that all B. all that C. all which D. what all
【试题答案】
一.
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21-30 BAADABAABC 31-39 BBABCBCCB