知识总结与归纳：
（一）本单元有关语法结构的重点句回顾：
1. Every culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture.
2. They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unusual.
3. When you look around at buildings, streets, squares and parks, you will find them designed, planned and built in different styles.
4. Frank Lloyd Wright, who built an art museum in New York, found himself inspired by Japanese seashells.
（二）语法结构总结：谓语动词+宾语+过去分词（done）：done短语做宾语补语，表示“宾语”被……；（过去分词与前面的宾语具有动宾关系）。在这种句型里常用的谓语动词有：see; hear; find; get; have; notice; want; make; keep等。
例句：
1. Why don’t you get the job done by somebody else ?
2. I want these things changed.
3. The police found a car abandoned by the roadside.
4. She felt a great load taken off her mind.
5. You might as well have our wall whitewashed.
6. Although we may not realize it, when we talk with others we make ourselves understood not just by words. We send messages to the people around us also by our expression and body movement.
（三）have something done 结构的不同意义：
（1）找人做这件事 （2）已经做了这件事 （3）使……遭受
例句：
1. Many town and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.
2. I have had all the branches cut up for firewood.
3. “Can’t you read this notice ? You need to have your eyes tested.” She said to me in surprise.
4. I had my pocket picked in the bus.
5. He has had his hands burned.
（四）动词不定式，分词（-ing形式；dine）做宾补的意义比较：
动词+宾语+宾语补语。“宾语补语”补充说明宾语“做了什么”；“正在做什么”；“去做什么”；或者“被…….”。根据宾语补语表达的意思，可以用do, to do, doing, done形式做宾语的补足语.即动词不定式，分词短语做宾语补语。
1. The landlady asked Mr. Brown to put his coat in the closet.
2. My boss made me redo my report because he wasn’t satisfied with it.
3. I stood on the bridge and watched the boats passing by.
4. His remark left me wondering.
5. Anyone who is caught cheating in the exam will be punished according to the rules.
注意：do短语和doing短语作宾语补语时意义上的不同。
例：
see somebody do something. 看到某人做了某事
see somebody doing something 看到某人正在做某事
1. They saw the boy jump down from the roof and enter the house.
2. I saw them crossing the street and coming up to
【典型例题】
一. 单项选择：
1. At any rate, I did not succeed in making myself ___ by you.
A. understand B. understood C. understanding D. to understand
分析：make oneself done：使自己被……
答案：B
2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ next year.
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
分析：that they would like to see ____ next year.是定语从句修饰the plan，先行词在从句中做see的宾语。see sth. done结构
答案：C
3. -May I know what time by your watch ?
-I had mine __ on the bus yesterday.
A. missing B. steal C. stolen D. to be stolen
分析：have sth done结构：我的表被偷了。
答案：C
4. The master was very angry and had all the servants ___ before him.
A. to be brought B. be brought C. brought D. being brought
分析：have sth done结构：把所有的用人带到他面前。
答案：C
5. M father encouraged me in painting, but he never loved to see any of my works __ in public.
A. exhibition B. exhibited C. having exhibited D. being exhibited
分析：see sth done结构：看到我的任何一部作品在公众面前被展出。
答案：B
二. 句型转换：
1. He got someone to fix his bike.
He got his bike _________.
2. How do you want them to decorate your new room ?
How do you want your new room _______?
3. His only wish for his money is to have the local government build a school for children from poor family.
His only wish for his money is to have a school for children from poor family _______ _______ _______ __________ _________.
答案：
fixed ; decorated ; built by the local government
三. 翻译句子：
1. 春节快到了，妈妈想叫人给门刷刷油漆，于是爸爸买来了最好的漆。
2. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。
3. 他发现外面的世界全变了。
4. 他想让此事立刻得到解决。
答案：
1. Spring Festival is coming. Mum wants the door painted. So Dad has bought the best paint.
2. You ought to try to make yourself understood.
3. He found the world outside completely changed.
4. He would like this matter settled immediately.
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一. 单项选择：
1. The missing boy were last seen _____near the river.
A. playing B. to be plying C. play D. to play
2. Mother didn’t leave until she saw her child ____ the street and ____ the school gate.
A. crossing; entering B. crossing; enter
C. cross; entering D. cross; enter
3. Who did the teacher have ____ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?
A. writing B. write C. to write D. written
4. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ____ around our school.
A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted
5. John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door ____.
A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking
C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocked
6. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____ to the public until next Thursday.
A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known
7. Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented
二. 完型填空：
The yearly Marathon in my town usually happened during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance __1__ any of them needed medical attention.
“We’re supposed to stay behind the __2__ runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.
The front-runners started to __3__ and then my eyes were ___4__ to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.
We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her __5__ were so crippled （残疾的）that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, __6__ alone run a marathon.
Doug and I __7__ in silence as she slowly moved forward. __8__, she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect ___9__ she pushed forward with great __10__ through the last miles.
When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the __11__ crowds had long gone home. __12__, standing straight and ever so proud __13__ a lone man. He was __14__ one end of a ribbon（缎带）of crepe paper（皱纹纸）___15__ to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering behind her.
I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became part of my __16__ – a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about __17__ the other runners or winning a prize, but about __18__ what she had set out to do, no matter __19__. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how __20__ the task before me really is.
1. A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if
2. A. first B. best C. only D. last
3. A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear
4. A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught
5. A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body
6. A. let B. leave C. speak D. take
7. A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared
8. A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally
9. A. since B. before C. as D. until
10. A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire
11. A. tired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient
12. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately
13. A. stood B. waited C. came D. had
14. A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying
15. A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led
16. A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life
17. A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating
18. A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning
19. A. where B. how C. when D. what
20.A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful
三. 阅读理解：
Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad things while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know that the same one color may mean differently places of the world ?
In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourning-people wear black at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed. Yellow is the word for fear, if you are afraid, you are yellow. Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world. In China and Korea white is the color of mourning. In Russia, China and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellent. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.
Even within the English-speaking area, it is not difficult to find color contradictions（矛盾）. A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.
One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be redblooded or a blueblood ? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression “blueblood” comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly told the world that they had “ blue blood”. Actually they meant that they had no Moorish or Jewish blood. But then why “blue” blood ?Because they were fair skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.
1. Yellow is concerned with anger in ____.
A. Russia B. Britain C. Germany D. China
2. The two meaning of the term redcap result from a difference in ___.
A. pronunciation B. climatic conditions C. logical relationship D. custom
3. Both Britain and America would probably agree that ____.
A. black is the color of mourning.
B. a black-coated worker is employed in an office.
C. red stands for beauty and excellent.
D. a redcap is a porter in a station.
4. It is not stated but implied（暗示）that some noble families in Spain had ___ color.
A. black B. white C. blue D. red
5. The best title for this reading selection is ___.
A. The Origin of Blue Blood.
B. The Development of the Symbolic（象征性的）Use of Colors.
C. Color that Carry Bad Meaning.
D. The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors
【试题答案】
一. 单项选择：
1. A see sb.doing的被动结构：sb. be seen doing：那个男孩被看见正在河边玩。
2. D see sb. do sth结构：看见某人作了某事。
3. B have sb.do sth结构：让某人做某事：老师让谁写这篇文章？
4. B have sth.done结构：过去分词做宾语thousands of trees的补语，表示被动意义。
5. A ____ the door ____为伴随状语，用doing短语表达。Unlocked做宾语the door的补语，表被动关系。
6. B make sth. known to sb.结构：使某人知道
7. A 本题考查了动词不定式完成式的用法。根据句意：人们通常认为Charles Babbage发明了第一台电脑。这里不定式结构为：somebody be considered to do/to have done. “发明电脑”动作是在consider之前。
二. 完型填空：
1. B 我的工作是开着救护车跟在运动员后面以防他们有人需要救护。In case:以免，以防。
2. D 从后面内容可以看出；救护车跟在最后一名运动员后面。
3. C 前面的运动员都消失了，
4. A 我的目光被吸引在（最后）的妇女身上。
5. B 这为妇女几乎都不能走，所以她的腿有残疾。
6. A 更不用说跑马拉松了。固定短语：Let alone: 更不用说了。
7. A 我们在默默地注视着她。D项缺少介词at：stare at。
8. D 最后，她成为我视线中唯一一名运动员了。
9. C 她一边以坚定的意志向前“跑”，我一边注视着她。
10. B determination：意志坚定。
11. C 加油助威的人群早已经回家了。Cheering: 喝彩，助威。
12. C 然而，这位残疾妇女的唯一支持者一直在终点线那自豪地“等着”她。
13. B 本句是一个倒装句。主语是a lone man.谓语是waited。standing straight and ever so proud是伴随状语。
14. C 他（那个男的）紧握着系在一根柱子上的缎带的另一端（让这位女运动员撞线）。
15. B
16. D 从那一天，那位女运动员成为激励我的人生的一部分。
17. D 这位妇女参赛的目的不是为击败其他运动员而获奖。
18. A 而是去完成她所开始的事情。
19. D 不管是什么事情，都要坚持下去。
20. C 我由此受到鼓舞，再难的事也变得容易了。
三. 阅读理解：
1. C 根据第二段：In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.可知：黄色在德国与愤怒相关。
2. C 根据第三段：A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps.可以得出结论。
3. A 根据在第二段第一句：In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourning-people wear black at the funeral.通过我们所掌握的英美文化的常识也可以找到答案。
4. D 根据最后一段的内容判断，特别是Would you rather be redblooded or a blueblood ? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest.以及But then why “blue” blood ?Because they were fair skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.可以看出在一些西班牙贵族家族中，标志颜色实际上是红色。5. D 根据各个自然段的内容可以判断文章是在讲述某种颜色与它的含义。