主讲教师：邵磊
主审： 孙德霖
【教学内容与教学要求】
一、 教学内容：
牛津高中英语模块一（复习）
【知识重点与学习难点】
一、 重要单词：
attend, earn, achieve, respect, prepare, drop, miss, experience, introduce, develop, donate, display, please, regret, inform, run, approve, select, require, broadcast, continue, trust, leave, punish, upset, insist, suggest, forbid, stay, recover, contain, include, follow, consider, affect, risk, recognize, concentrate, count// assembly, grade, literature, dessert, article, field, culture, gift, speech, attention, flat, dynasty, host, generation, nature, vacation, trash, mess, charge, adult, reason, teenager, fault, scene, scenery, explanation, behavior, period, argument, relationship, figure, failure, chemical, match, damage, pressure, diet, effect, energy, calorie, system, amount, loss, suggestion// challenging, average, former, latter, recent, close, scary, crazy, rude, boring, valuable, spare, selfish, unloving, slim, ashamed, priceless, harmful, harmless, exactly, attractive, embarrassed, overweight, skinny, regular, relaxed// recently, mainly, truly, sincerely, seldom, properly.
二、重点词组：
at ease with 和….相处不拘束 school hours学校作息时间 earn respect from 赢得…的尊敬 sound like听起来象 for free 免费 get a general idea 了解大意 as well as 除….以外, 也 key words 关键词 word by word 逐字逐句地 find one’s way around 认识路 develop an interest in 培养对….的兴趣 surf the Internet网上冲浪, expect….from 期望
refer to 指 , , leave out省略 , relate to 和…相关 , pay attention to注意, in short form用宿略的形式, take place发生, make decisions作决定, make comparisons作比较, take turns轮流, be responsible for对…负责, consist of包含,由…构成, come up with想出, base on根据, have it approved by…征得…..的同意, inform sb of sth告知, sign up签名参加 common to对…来说很普遍, turn up调高声音, 出现 a waste of 浪费, spare time空余时间, force….to…强迫（某人）做 , can’t wait to.. 迫不及待地要 , be supposed to被期望或要求, 本应该， do with 处置, 忍受， 需要 be a mess/ in a mess乱成一团, leave sb in charge 委托 …..负责, act like行为举止象 …, go unpunished不受惩罚, go out熄灭, have one’s arm crossed双臂交叉抱在胸前, deserve to值得去做,常用否定形式表示“不配” be hard on对某人苛刻, now that既然, in the form of以 的形式, be angry at对某事生气, even if即使, treat sb like…象 一样对待 , argue about为 …而争吵, the cause of起因, differ in many ways在许多方面不同, fit badly非常不合身, rising/falling tone升调、降调, talk show谈话节目, main point要点, supporting information辅助性信息, a diary entry一篇日记, be proud of为….感到骄傲, stay up late熬夜, mix up混淆, after all毕竟, take one’s advice接受建议, miss doing sth怀念以前做的某事, keep in mind记住, get it tidied up把它整理好, clean up打扫干净, make a difference要紧, provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb为某人提供, provided that假如, to one’s surprise使某人惊奇的是, as though就好像, insist on doing坚持要做, allow him his freedom允许给他自由, send sb to bed叫某人去睡觉, forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事, assign roles to分派角色,
work out锻炼、训练, go on diets/a diet实行节食, in secret私自, side effect副作用, put on weight体重增加, lose weight减肥, be ashamed of对….感到羞耻, an exact match for和….完全匹配的…， follow one’s advice听从某人的建议, sound fun听起来象是件有趣的事, team sport团队运动, build up增强, regret doing sth后悔做了某事, risk doing sth冒做某事的风险.
call sb names骂人, cheer up高兴起来, closely related紧密相关的, live(lead) a…. life过着….样的生活, , a headache to令人头疼的人或事, along with一起, in the long term(run)从长远角度看, give up on放弃, a good amount of适量的、许多, in no time很快, give out分发、发出, allow enough time for sb to do…留出充足的时间让某人做某事, skip meals不吃饭.
【语法难点解析】
一、 定语从句
1．关系代词和关系副词的区别：
在判断和使用引导词时，主要采用以下方法：判成分、看指代。首先，判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分，如果引导词作主语、宾语、表语或定语，就用关系代词that（作主语、宾语或表语）, which（作主语或宾语）, who（作主语或宾语）, whom（作宾语）, as（作主语、宾语或表语）, whose（作定语），其中that, which, who, whom作宾语时，一般可省略; 如果作状语，就用关系副词when（作时间状语，相当于"介词+which"）, where（作地点状语, 相当于"介词+which"）, why（作原因状语, 相当于for which）。其次，看引导词指代什么，如果指物，就用which; 如果指人，就用 who, whom; that 和whose既可指人, 又可指物。试比较:
1. Do you think the reason that he gave us is reasonable?
Do you know the reason why he is so upset?
2. I like the café where I can buy different snacks.
I like the café which sells Italian coffee.
I like the café whose regular customers are young.
2．as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，都可在从句中作主语或宾语, 指代整个主句。
which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面，意为"这一点、这件事"；as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、之中或之后，经常用于as is said above, as we know, as is well known, as is often the case, as is reported, as was expected等结构中，as含有"正如、正像"之意。例如：
He is always asking Mum for money, which makes his mother very angry.
He asked Mum for money again, as was expected.
3．介词提前时，定语从句的引导词只能用 which, whom, whose,而不能用that或who。在判断使用什么样的介词时，一要看句意；二要看搭配关系，即看后面的谓语动词和前面被定语从句修饰的名词以确定应搭配什么样的介词。
4．一般情况下，关系代词that和which可以互换，但在下列几种情况下，常用that，而不用which：
① 当先行词是不定代词时；
② 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；
③ 当先行词被不定代词修饰时；
④ 当先行词被the very， the only等修饰时；
⑤ 当先行词既有人又有物时。
二、 反意疑问句
1．在肯定的祈使句后，为了使祈使句听起来比较婉转、客气可加一个简短的问句，如：will you？would you？won't you？can you？could you？can't you？最常用的是will you？或won't you？注意在否定的祈使句后，只能用will you？
2．陈述部分是含有宾语从语的主从复合句时，疑问部分中的动词和主语代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。但是，如果陈述部分是“I don’t think（believe，…）+宾语从句”时，疑问部分中的动词和主语应和宾语从句中的动词和主语保持一致，并且要用肯定形式。
三、虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
1． 非真实条件句
1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ：
条件从句一般过去时+主句would/might/should(should 仅用于第一人称) +动词原形
If they knew that Soot was ill and we used the money to take him to the vet, (they would understand why the house was in a mess).
2． b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句过去完成时+主句would/might/should(should 仅用于第一人称)have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
2．在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中：
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + that sb (should) do
1) I suggest that we (should) put off the meeting till next week.
2) He insisted that they (should ) be informed of our descision
3．. 用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。
1）I wish I knew the answer.
2) Iwish I had known you earlier.
4. if only
if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。
If only Dad were here.
If only he comes early.但愿他早点回来。
5. would rather +从句（从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示将来）
1) I’d rather you left me alone.
2) I’d rather you didn’t tell he now.
6. should have/could have+完成时表示“本应该、本可以”
1) None of us stopped to think and we should have.
2) We could have been good friends.
【同步练习】
一、单项选择
1. My husband has lost so much weight that you can hardly _______ him if you see him.
A. realize B. aware of C. recognize D. hold
2. I was about to leave _______ the telephone rang.
A. before B. as C. while D. when
3. They spent as many hours as they could ______ their lessons.
A. to study B. study C. studying D. studies
4. He has made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think it B. which I think it is
C. that I think is D. which I think is
5. It was in that house he used to live the secret meeting was held.
A．where；where B．that；that
C．what；where D．where；that
6. The foreign guests, were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A．most of them B．most of whom
C．most of that D．most of those
7. Africa is actually connected with Asia at the spot the Suez Canal was dug.
A．when B．where C．which D．and
8. It is getting hotter and hotter in Florida, is usual.
A．and B．it C．as D．that
9. Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.
A．which B．what C．whatever D．that
10. Such a problem should be settled first.
A．like that is B．as this
C．as that this is D．like this is
11. I, your friend ,will try my best to help you.
A．that is B．which am C．who is D．who am
12. The first place we visited in that city was a big factory.
A．where B．in which C．that D．which
13. He must be from Africa, can be seen form his skin
A．that B．as C．it D．what
14. Have you ever considered _______ on a diet?
A. go B. to go C. going D. gone
15. I think Jim should have told his mother the truth, _________?
A. shouldn’t he B. hasn’t he C. haven’t he D. do I
二、完形填空
The cold weather of the last weeks has had a surprising result. Forty thousand Russian red-necked ducks have 1 in Britain where the weather is like spring to them.
The Russian red-necked ducks manage perfectly well at temperatures down to thirty degrees 2 zero. They wouldn’t think of 3 home at minus forty. But，as the weather gets colder， they make a quick 4 to take off together all with a single thought 5 “Go somewhere 6 .”
Last Tuesday the small 7 near my house was invaded by about three hundred Russian red-necked ducks, a noisy lot， though I must say they were not troublesome. Our local birds were at first quite 8 by these 9 from far away，and there were some obvious language difficulties too. At nine o clock I went down 10 to the edge of the lake，with a little bread and milk 11 our own birds. I saw them standing up， 12 the foreigners to eat up everything. But my worry proved 13 : the red-necked birds didn’t like the bread at all. Many of them 14 a mouthful，and threw up. In fact they pushed and fought to get away from the food，15 own birds looked at them 16 . My wife had 17 me down the path with a hopeless cake she had made on Monday evening. She had forgotten to turn off the electricity in time，and the cake got 18 . Now that， the Russian birds 19 ，though our birds wouldn’t touch it. We realized then the visitors were used to 20 bread probably， and my wife agreed to make some for them.
1.A. reached B. got C. arrived D. left
2.A. below B. under C. over D. above
3.A. staying B. leaving C. getting D. making
4.A. conclusion B. plan C. advice D. decision
5.A. by heart B. in mind C. in heart D. on mind
6.A. hotter B. colder C. warmer D. cooler
7.A. lake B. village C. town D. hill
8.A. pleased B. delighted C. moved D. upset
9.A. strangers B. passengers C. enemies D. pioneers
10.A. as ever B. as usual C. as often D. as before
11.A. form B. on C. for D. to
12.A. expecting B. expected C. watch D. watching
13.A. untrue B. true C. unnecessary D. necessary
14.A. tried B. ate C. had D. managed
15.A. your B. our C. their D. his
16.A. in sadness B. in a line C. in excite D. in surprise
17.A. followed B. walked C. made D. advised
18.A. burnt B. burned up C. burning D. burned down
19.A. sucked B. drank C. loved D. hated
20.A. white B. black C. green D. red
【参考答案】
一、CDCDD, BBCDB, DCBCA
二、CABDB, CADAB, CACAB, DAACB