Topic 1 You should go to see a doctor
I. Language goal语言目标
学习和谈论生病去看医生的对话及过程。
II. Language structure语言结构
学习提建议的方法和系动词的用法。
III. Target language(重点句型)and Language points(重点、难点)
Section A
1. keep healthy (healthy形容词→health(名词))
保持……怎么样keep(+形)或keep sb / sth + adj(形)
保持某人(某物)怎么样
例:保持干净。Keep clean.
保持教室干净。Keep the classroom clean.
保持你们的眼睛是闭着的。Keep your eyes closed.
2. What’s wrong?怎么了?= What’s the matter?两者常用来询问人或事物的异常情况,若后面接宾语,则用with连接。
例:What’s wrong with your bike?
你的单车怎么了?
What’s wrong with you?你怎么了?= What’s the matter with you?
3. have a cold感冒
类似的词组还有have a bad cold(得了重感冒)
have a fever(发烧)have a cough(咳嗽)但得了流感是have the flu(一定要用定冠词the)have sore eyes(眼睛痛)have a sore throat(咽喉痛)
4. I have a toothache.我牙疼。
have a +(身体某部位的名词+ ache)表示身体某处疼痛。
如:have a stomachache(胃疼) have a backache(背疼)
have a headache(头疼)
5. You should see a dentist.
你应该看看牙医。
本句中should作情态动词(上学期我们已经学到过)用于向他人提出建议,后面接动词原形。
如:You should go to school early.
你应该早点上学。
should的否定形式为shouldn’t = should not.
You shouldn’t read in the sun.
你不应该在阳光下看书。
You shouldn’t read for too long.
你不应该看书看得太长时间了。
too long在这里是指太长时间了
6. take a rest = have a rest 休息
boiled water开水
7. You should stay in bed and have a good sleep.
你应该呆在床上并且好好地睡一觉。
stay in bed一般指因身体不适而卧床休息,不用任何冠词;lie in bed躺在床上;病倒在床ill in bed.
Section B
1. You look pale.你看起来苍白。
look连系动词,看起来……,后接形容词。
如:He looks very young.
他看起来很年轻。
2. I’m sorry to hear that.
听到这个消息我很难过。
可简略地说成Sorry to hear that.用来表达对对方的关爱之情,如果听到的是好消息,则说(I am)so glad to hear that. that在这里代替前面所说到的事情。
3. Maybe you have the flu.或许你得了流感。
Maybe或许,放在句首。
May be放在句中。
如:她或许在学校。
Maybe she is at school.
She may be at school.
4. You had better go to see a doctor.
你最好去看医生。
had better相当于情态动词,其缩略形式为’d better。后面接动词原形,是给人提出建议的一种方式。它的否定形式是在had better后面加not。如:
你最好马上打电话给他。
You had better call him at once.
你最好不要吃辛辣的食物。
You’d better not eat hot food.
你最好吃些感冒药。
You’d better take some cold pills.
5. Shall I take you to the hospital?
shall用于第一人称(I and we)表示:
(1)请求给予指示:
How shall I cook it?
我该怎么煮这些东西?
(2)主动提供帮助:
Shall I wait for you?
要我等你吗?
(3)提出建议:
Shall we meet at the theatre?
我们可以在剧院见面吗?
我们本句中的shall是第二种用法。
6. I’ll take some medicine and see how it goes.
我想先吃些药再说。
take some medicine服药。it在此指病情,goes指事情的进展。如:Everything goes well一切进展顺利。
7. day and night日日夜夜 brush one’s tooth刷牙
lie down躺下来
Hot tea with honey is good for that.
加蜂蜜的热茶对那(治嗓子痛)有好处。
hot tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶。
coffee with sugar and milk加了糖和牛奶的咖啡。
be good for sth / sb表示对某人、某物有好处,与之对应的为be bad for sb / sth对某人、某物不好(有害处)
如:看电视太多对眼睛不好。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
Section C
1. Michale had an accident yesterday.
迈克昨天出事故了。
accident指偶然发生的或大或小的事故。
have an accident出了事故。
traffic accident交通事故。如:
His father died in a traffic accident.
他的父亲死于一次交通事故。
2. How are you feeling today?
你今天感觉怎样?
一般用来询问对方,关心对方的身体状况,回答可以根据实际情况。如:
I’m feeling a little better.感觉好些了。
Not bad, thanks.还行,谢谢。 / It still hurts.还是疼。
3. Take these pills. Two pills each time and three times a day.
把这些药吃了,一天三次,每次2片。
pills药片,可数名词。medicine内服药,不可数名词。
take pills服药,医生的嘱咐用语,然后描述每次药的用量。each time(每次),three times a day(一天三次),time之意是次数,是可数名词,用于三次或三次以上。一次one,二次twice,time作为时间时,是不可数名词。
I have no time.
我没时间了。
4. Stay in bed and don’t move your leg too much.
卧床休息,腿不要动得太多。
too much在此处表频率,用来修饰动词,一般放在动词后面。
另外:too much 太多,后接不可数名词。too much milk
too many太多,后接可数名词复数形式。too many eggs
much too很,十分,表示程度。
如:Don’t drink too much water.
不要喝太多的水。
You shouldn’t eat too many candies.
你不应该吃太多糖果了。
It’s much too expensive.
它实在太贵了。
Section D
1. I couldn’t read them until today.
直到今天我才看了它们。
not…until 直到……才
表示主句的谓语所表示的动作直到until状语所表示的时间才发生。主句的谓语动词多用短暂性动词。
如:I didn’t go to bed until my parents came back.
我直到父母亲回来才上床睡觉。
You couldn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.
直到看了医生你才可以吃东西。
until直到……为止,表示主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的。表示动作或状态延续到until所表示的时间为止。
The farmers work on the farm until it is dark.
农民们在农场上一直工作到天黑。
2. I’m sorry to know that both you and your sister are sick.
得知你和你的妹妹都病了,我感到很难过。
I’m sorry to know / hear that +句子,表示听到对方遇到了不幸的事情,为对方难过,向对方表示同情。
sick表示生病,相当于ill,be sick = be ill。但我们通常用sick修饰生病的对象,而不用ill。如:
He wants to visit his sick uncle.
他想去看看他生病的叔叔(在这里sick不能用ill来代替)。
He is ill. = He is sick.
both…and…,不仅…而且…,…和…(两者)都,其谓语动词用复数。如:
Both Jim and I are sick.
我和吉姆两人都生病了。
Both Lily and Lucy are students.
莉莉和露西都是学生。
3. Drink plenty of boiled water.
喝大量的开水。
plenty of在这里是“许多”的意思,其后面接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。如:
plenty of eggs / milk大量的鸡蛋/牛奶。
many, much, a lot of, lots of 都表示“许多”的意思。其中,many修饰可数名词,如:many books。much修饰不可数名词,如:much water大量的水。a lot of = lots of,既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词,和plenty of大致相等。
Grammar focus
1. Giving advice(提建议)and asking for advice.(征询意见)。
(1)should +动词原形。
You should go to see a doctor.
你应该去看医生。
(2)had better +动词原形+…… 最好做某事
You had better go home now.
你最好现在回家。
(3)Shall we / I +动词原形…… Will you +动词原形……
我/我们可以…… 你可以……
Shall we meet at nine?
我们九点见面好吗?
Will you clean the classroom?
你打扫一下教室好吗?
How about playing basketball?
打篮球怎么样?
What about flying kites?
放风筝怎么样?
(5)Let’s +动词原形。让我们做某事。
Let’s play football.让我们去踢足球吧!
2. 连系动词的用法
连系动词亦称系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后面必须跟表语构成系表结构,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。
(1)状态系动词(be)用来表示主语状态、性质、特征。
如:I’m a teacher. 我是一名教师。
He was here just now.
他刚才在这里。
(2)持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状态或态度。
主要有:keep, stay, remain等。
如:He always keeps silent at meetings.
他开会时总保持沉默。
We should stay happy.
我们应该保持快乐。
(3)表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像……”这概念,主要有look、seem、appear等。
如:He looks tired.
他看起来很累。
He seems(to be)very sad.
他看起来很伤心。
(4)感官系动词:主要有:feel(感觉),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来)等。
It feels very cold.
它摸起来很冷。
It tastes delicious.
它尝起来很好吃。
(5)变化系动词:表示主语变成什么样,主要有:become(变得),grow(变得),turn(变得),get(变得),go(变得)。
The weather gets warmer and warmer.
天气变得越来越暖和。
The leaves turn green.
树叶变绿了。
【模拟试题】(答题时间:30分钟)
一. 翻译词组
1. 感冒_______________ 2. 发烧______________
3. 咳嗽_______________ 4. 流感______________
5. 咽喉痛_____________ 6. 眼睛痛____________
7. 胃痛_______________ 8. 背疼______________
9. 牙疼_______________ 10. 头疼_____________
11. 休息______________ 12. 开水_____________
13. 服药______________ 14. 刷牙_____________
15. 直到……才________ 16. 大量、充足_______
17. 太多______________ 18. 躺下_____________
19. 日日夜夜__________ 20. 每次_____________
二. 选出可以代替划线部分的选项
( )1. He has a lot of work to do.
A. much B. many C. a lots D. a lot
( )2. I’ll take some medicine.
A. has B. had C. have D. ate
( )3. I have a backache.
A. a pain back B. pain in my back
C. a hurt back D. a sore back
( )4. The students are sweeping the classroom now.
A. cleaning B. watering
C. showing D. washing
( )5. Li Fang is good at French.
A. likes B. does well in
C. works hard at D. gets ready for
三. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He has sore _________ (eye).
2. I’m _________(feel)terrible.
3. You should take ____________(medicine)
4. You’d better brush your __________(tooth)twice a day.
5. His friend ____________(buy)a gift for her yesterday.
6. Thank you for ________________(ask)me.
7. You’d better ____________ (not carry)heavy things.
8. _____________(not worry)about that.
四. 翻译句子
1. 她怎么了?
2. 你们不应该在街上踢足球。
3. 他们日日夜夜地工作。
4. 商店直到8点才开门。
5. 你最好多吃水果,多喝水。
6. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
【试题答案】
一. 1. have a cold 2. have a fever
3. have a cough 4. have the flu
5. have a sore throat 6. have sore eyes
7. have a stomachache 8. have a backache
9. have a toothache 10. have a headache
11. have a rest(take a rest) 12. boiled water
13. take some medicine / take pills 14. brush one’s teeth
15. not…until 16. a lot of / lots of / plenty of
17. too many / too much 18. lie down
19. day and night 20. each time
二. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
三. 1. eyes 2. feeling 3. medicine 4. teeth
5. bought 6. asking 7. not carry 8. Don’t worry
四. 1. What’s wrong with her?
2. You shouldn’t play football in the street.
3. They worked day and night.
4. The shop didn’t open until eight o’clock.
5. You’d better eat a lot of fruit and drink plenty of water.
6. Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.