Reference for Teaching
Ⅰ.异域风情
Disabled People in Britain
In Britain there are about six million adults with one or more disabilities.About 400 000 (seven percent)of these live in communal establishments(公共住宅).Local social service authorities（当局）provide certain kinds of personal and social services for disabled people and help them recover normal abilities of social life.They are also required to establish(确定)the number of disabled people in their area and to publicize(宣传)services,which may include advice on personal and social problems with disability.Besides,they provide occupational, educational, social and recreational (娱乐的) facilities at day centers or wherever space is available(可供使用的).
The authorities may also provide adaptations(适合物)to homes(such as ways for wheelchairs and ground floor toilets),the delivery of cooked meals and help in the home.In case of social need,help may be given to set a telephone or a television.Local authorities and voluntary organizations may provide badly-disabled people with convenient houses or temporary facilities to allow those who look after them relief from their duties;and specially designed housing may be available for those able to look after themselves.
Many authorities provide free travel for disabled people on public transport,and they are very actively encouraged to provide special means of access to public buildings.Government regulations cover the provision of access for disabled people in the construction of new buildings.
Two new trusts(信托基金机构)were set up in April 1993 to replace the Independent Living Fund,which provided financial help to very severely disabled people who needed paid domestic(home)support,those once receiving help from the Fund.The second helps the most severely disabled people of working age to live independently in the community.
Ⅱ.知识归纳
1.would like的用法归纳
(1)would(should)like(love)是表示“意愿”的日常交际用语，意为“想要,愿意”，常用句式如下：
would (should) like (love) +名词；
would (should) like (love) to do sth.;
would (should) like (love) to have done sth.;
(不定式所表示的动作是没有实现的动作，应使用不定式的完成式)
would(should)like (love) sb. to do sth.。如：
What would you like,a cup of tea or a glass of water?
你想要什么，茶还是水？
I would like to go swimming this afternoon.
今天下午我想去游泳。
I would like you to come a little earlier next time.
我希望你下次早些来。
（2）在使用would like时，应注意以下几点：
①would like的否定式是would not like或wouldn’t like。如：
I wouldn’t like to go to the theatre tonight.
今晚我不想去剧院。
②like与would like的区别是：like多指经常性或一贯性的动作，而would like多指暂时性或一次性的动作。
试比较：Do you like coffee?
你喜欢咖啡吗？
Would you like a cup of coffee?
你想喝杯咖啡吗？
③I’d like to…是I would like to的常见省略式，也可看作I should like to的省略式。
2.prepare一词用法归纳
(1)用作及物动词，意思是“准备，预备”。
e.g.The teacher prepared the exam.
教师为考试作准备。
（2）用作不及物动词，意思是“作好准备”。
e.g.The students prepared for the exam.
学生们准备考试。
（3）以下是和prepare搭配的一些短语，注意其用法。
①prepare for为……作好准备
e.g.I am preparing for the trip.
我正在为这次旅行作准备。
注：如果为某一行动作准备，需将for换成to。
e.g.We are preparing to receive foreign visitors.
我们正在准备接待外宾。
②prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物
e.g.We must prepare a welcome meeting for our guests.
我们必须为客人准备一个欢迎会。
③be prepared for指“作好了准备”，表示状态。
e.g.They are well prepared for the examination.
对这次考试他们已经作好了充分准备。
④be prepared to do sth.指“准备做某事”，表示意愿。
e.g.I am not prepared to accept the argument.
我不准备接受这个论点。
3.way一词用法归纳
(1)用作可数名词，意思是“道路，路线，方向，方法”。
e.g.Can you tell me the way to the library?
请您告诉我去图书馆怎么走？
He is on the way home.
他正在回家的路上。
Foreign countries have a different way of life from ours.
外国与我国的生活方式不一样。
（2）和way相搭配的短语很多，下面将常用的短语作一下归纳。
①in the way的意思是“在道上，碍事”，也可用in one’s way的形式（in the/one’s road也有这个含义），用来阻止你想去某地的人或物。如：
Please don’t stand in the kitchen door-you are in my/the way.
请别站在厨房门口--你挡了我的路。
②on the way后常接介词to引起的短语，它可以是“在去……的途中”的意思，定冠词the可以改为one’s；也可以是“即将”的意思，此时定冠词the不能改为one’s。如：
He is now on his way to London.
他现在正在赴伦敦的途中。
He is on the way to success.
他正在走向成功。
③by the way的意思是“顺便说”，用来提起与先前谈话无关的题目。如：
By the way,I have something to tell you.
顺便说一声，我有点事要告诉你。
④in a way的意思是“在某一点上，在某种程度上”。如：
The work was well done in a way.
从某种程度上讲，那工作做得很好。
（3）in no way的意思是“决不，一点也不”。例如：
Teaching in school can in no way be separated from practice.
学校教学决不能脱离实践。
Ⅲ.词语辨析
1.accept,receive
这两个词都有“收到，接收”之意，均用作动词。区别在于：
(1)accept指“（愿意）接受”。
e.g.I cannot accept your gift.
我不能接受你的礼物。
accept还可作“相信，承认或承担……的责任”讲。
e.g.I can accept your reasons for being late.
我能相信你们所说的迟到的理由。
(2)receive强调“发收、接受”这一事实，与意愿无关。
e.g.I received a letter from a strange.
我收到一个陌生人的信。
还可以有“遭到，遭受；接待；容纳”等意思。
e.g.He received a heavy blow on the head from a falling stone.
一块落下的石头重重地打在他的头上。
He was received as an honoured guest.
他被当作贵宾接待。
2.appear,look,seem
三个词都可以表示“看起来，好像”，但各自的侧重点有所不同，其句子结构也不完全一样。
（1）appear指给人以表面的印象，暗含往往并非如此。look指显露在外能被人看到的视觉印象。seem是说话人的一种主观判断，可能有一定根据或判断接近事实。
e.g.If the sky appears blue to us on earth,it is because the earth’s atmosphere scatters a certain number of blue rays of sunlight.
如果我们在地球上看天空是蓝色的，那是因为地球周围的大气层使太阳光的一部分蓝色射线散射的缘故。（某物给人的一种表面印象）
They looked tired.
他们看起来累了。(说话人从他们身上得到的一种视觉印象)
They seemed to have finished the work.
他们好像已完成了那项工作。（说话人的判断）
（2）这三个词的句型结构比较：共同点是可接形容词；不同点如下：接不定式时，seem和appear后都可接to do或to be，而look后只接to be。
e.g.The whole world seemed/appeared to be black and empty.
整个世界好像全是漆黑一片，空空洞洞。
She looks to be the best person for the job.
她看起来就是这份工作的最佳人选。
appear和seem都可用there放在句首作引导词的句型，也都可用“it(主语)+appear/seem+that从句”这一句型，而look则不行。
e.g.There seems to be a mistake in these figures.
这些数字似乎有误。
It appears/seems that he has been ill for a long time.
他好像病了好长时间。
look和seem后可接like短语，也可接as if引导的从句，appear两者都不用。
e.g.It looks/seems like rain.
像是要下雨了。
It seems as if he knew nothing about it.
他似乎对此一无所知。
3.get rid of;deal with;do with
三个动词短语均可表示“处理”，但用法不同。
（1）get rid of表示“处理”时，其宾语既可以是指具体事物的名词，也可以是指抽象事物的名词，侧重于把某物（事）“除掉”。
e.g.We should get rid of the bad habit.
我们应该改掉这种不良习惯。
（2）deal with表示“处理”时，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法或方式，一般与how连用。
e.g.The teacher doesn’t know how to deal with his students.
这位老师不知道怎样与他的学生相处。
注：deal with还可表示“对付、论述、和……打交道、涉及”。
e.g.Deal with a man as he deals with you.
以其人这道，还治其人之身。
(3)do with表示“处理”时，侧重于对某事物的利用，常与what连用。
e.g.What did you do with your old furniture?
你怎样处理你的旧家具？
4.common,ordinary
这两个词都有“普通的,平常的”意思。其区别有：
common强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”；ordinary指与一般事物的性质标准相同，强调“平常，平庸”而无特别之处。
e.g.This plant is common in South Africa.
这种植物在南非随处可见。
He has always rated himself above ordinary musicians.
他总认为自己高于一般的音乐家。
Ⅳ.能力训练
1.单句改错
(1)She didn’t work hard,so she failed passing the exam.
答案：将passing改为to pass。句中的fail作“没有，没能够”解时常与不定式连用，表示“未能做某事”。
（2）I’m sorry,I can’t receive your invitation.
答案：将receive改为accept。receive的意思是“收到”，表示“动作”，而accept的意思是“收下”，表示结果。
(3)We hope to improve our work better.
答案：去掉better。improve=make…better，使用better重复。还有prefer(=like…better)等也很容易出现类似的错误。
(4)Such people as he is to be punished.
答案：将is改为are。句中的as he修饰such people，故谓语动词要用复数。
(5)He suggested us to go home as soon as possible.
答案：将us to go改为our going。suggest不能和“宾语+动词不定式”结构连用，它后面跟动词-ing形式或that从句。
(6)A heavy rain made the river overflowing its bank.
答案：将overflowing改为overflow。make后不能用动词-ing形式作宾补，可用不带to的动词不定式。
2.根据汉语提示完成句子
(1)他说话时的样子，好像他已知道那个秘密了。
He talks__________ __________he bad known the secret.
(2)劳驾你把那台收音机关掉。
__________ __________ __________ __________by turning off the radio.
(3)这家工厂的发电量是全国的三分之一。
This factory produces__________ __________ __________ the electricity in the country.
(4)我似乎觉得他们是对的。
It__________to me that they are right.
(5)这种人不好对付。
Such people are difficult to__________ __________.
(6)她既美丽，又善良。
She is__________ __________beautiful,__________ __________kind.
答案：（1）as if (2)Do me a favour (3)one third of (4)seems (5)deal with (6)not only，but also
3.看图作文
下图是Helen通过触摸、感知，跟着她的老师Annie学说话，读句子，学习布莱叶盲文。请据此用英语写一篇文章。
注意：词数100左右。
生词：布莱叶盲文-Braille
喉咙-throat
嘴唇-lip
参考答案：
Annie is laughing happily.Helen is touching Ann’s face in order to feel the movement of her laughing.This is how Ann learned words.When Helen knew the meaning of the word,Ann was going to teach how to spell it.She spelled the word into the girl’s hand with her fingers.
Now Helen is touching Ann’s throat and lips while Ann is speaking.This is how the deafblind child learned to speak.She tried to copy Ann’s movements of lips and throat so as to form speech.Look!Helen is saying“Mother”.That makes her parents and teacher very happy.
Helen is now at school.Ann is helping her.She spelled out for her the things that the teachers taught,because most books were not printed in Braille at that time.
Ⅴ.高考真题
1.(2004北京春)There at the door stood a girl about the same height__________.
A.as me B.as mine
C.with mine D.with me
简析：选B。“the same…as…”为习惯性搭配，再根据句意为“这个姑娘的身高和我的身高一样”，mine为my height，故应选B。又因此句并没有使用“It is the same with…”句型，故排除C和D。
2.(2004北京春)We’re going to__________with some friends for a picnic.Would you like to join us?
A.get in B.get over
C.get along D.get together
简析：选D。get in with意为“和……亲近”，get along with意为“与……相处”，get together with意为“与……聚合”，get over与with不搭配，根据句意应选D。
3.(2004上海春)Victor apologized for__________to inform me of the change in the plan.
A.his being not able B.him not to be able
C.his not being able D.him to be not able
简析：选C。根据appologize for sth.(或doing sth.…)，应排除B和D，又因在v.-ing的否定用法中，否定词not应放在v.-ing之前，故选C。
4.(2004上海春)We need to consider what__________we will be using for language training.
A.abilities B.appliances
C.facilities D.qualities
简析：选C。进行语言训练，就需要有设施或设备，因此选facilities(设施、设备)，其他选项不合适。
5.(2004上海春)Words__________me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house.
A.failed B.left
C.discouraged D.disappointed
简析：选A。表示“不知说什么来表达自己的想法”时，常用句型“words fail sb.”来表达。根据本题句意，应选A。