A man who never gave up
【常用单词积累】
名词：spirit, inventor, pupil, track, safety, telegraph, lifetime, confidence.
动词：own, build， frighten， rush, graduate, frustrate， wonder.
形容词：able, frightened, noisy, worth.
副词：nearly, healthily, clearly.
词组：be able to，try out，at the age of，rush out，open up，turn up／down，try to do sth., give up, try out, not … any more, be/become interested in, be/become good at, no matter how, It’s a bad line, come up with.
核心知识
1. 动词不定式The Infinitive(Ⅰ)
(1)不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：want, wish, like, decide, help, begin, ask, choose, forget, hope, learn, would like等.例如：
We hope to get there before dark.
我们希望天黑以前到那儿.
He wants to be an artist when he grows up.
长大后他想当一个艺术家.
注意：①stop，forget，remember，try， go on等后既可接不定式也可接动词--ing形式，但含义不同：
stop doing 停止干某事(不干了)
stop to do 停止原来的事，而做另一件事。
forget doing忘记曾做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事(该干而未干的事)
go on doing继续干某事(同一件事)
go on to do接着去干某事(指另一件事)
try doing尝试着干某事
try to do尽力去干事
②不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 动词 + it + 宾补(形容词、名词) + 不定式”结构，例如：
He found it very difficult to get to sleep.他发现很难入睡
(2)不定式作宾语补足语
①后面能接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 : ask, order, like, want, tell, know, help, call on(请求，号召)等.例如：
The teacher told us to do Exercise2.老师要我们做练习二.
I am glad to hear the good news.
听到那个好消息，我很高兴.
②使役动词 let， have， make及感官动词 see， watch， notice， hear，feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补.例如：
I saw him play basketball on the playground.
我看见他在操场上打篮球.
注：动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not.
2.I’m trying to fix my pen.我正试着修我的钢笔.
(1)try to do sth.试着(设法)做某事，否定形式为 try not to do sth.
He tried not to be late for school.他设法上学不迟到.
(2)try one’s best to do sth. = do one’s best to do sth.尽全力做某事.
We should try our best to learn English well.我们应该设法学好英语.
3.I’11 be able to write faster.我将能写快一点.
be able to ＋ v.能够，会，例如：
Tom is certainly able to cook.汤姆当然会做饭.
同义词：can，注意 can与 be able不能重复使用.
4.We can come up with the answer together.我们可以一起解决这个问题，
come up with提出，提供例如：
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你们能提出比这个更好的计划.
5.We just need to keep working on it， and not give up.
我们仅仅需要坚持不懈地努力，不要放弃.
①need需要，必需
You need to wear warm clothes.你需要穿上温和的衣服.
②keep doing sth.一直不断地做某事.
why do you keep laughing all the time？你们为什么总是在笑？
③work on可以在不同的句中译成不同的汉语，例如：
I am working hard on my Chinese.我在努力学习汉语.
④give up 放弃、停止，后面接动词ing形式.
My father gave up smoking last year我父亲去年戒烟.
6.Which of these do you think the second most useful invention？
这些发明中哪一种是你认为第二有用的？
A. do you think用作插入语，在句中作为一种附加的解释，不充当任何成分.
B. the second most useful invention第二项最有用的发明，例如：
Which is the third biggest country in the world？世界上哪个国家第三大？
7.Which of these would you most like to own？
这些东西你最想拥有哪一个？
own vt. 拥有 adj.自己的。owner n.物主
①Do yon own a car？ Yes， I do.你有小汽车吗？是的，我有.
②Will you please say something about Thomas Edison in your own words？
你能用自己的话来谈论托罗斯爱迪生吗？
③Who is the owner of the house？谁是房主？
8.When he was a child， he was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.他是一个小孩时，他总问一些问题并试验一些新的设想.
①try out(彻底)试验例如：
It’s a new idea，can you try it out？它是个新主意，你能试验一下吗？
②always与进行时连用时，表示反复的动作，含有赞扬的情感.例如：
Comrade Lei Feng was always helping the other people.雷锋同志总是乐于助人.
9.No matter how hard it was，he never gave up.无论多么艰难，他决不放弃.
no matter how(或 what， when， where， who， whether…)
不管怎样(什么，何时，哪里，谁，是否……)例如：
No matter how difficult the maths problem is，he can work it out.
不管数学题有多难，他都能做出来.
10.Young Tom was in school for only three months.
小汤姆只在学校读了三个月的书.
in school求学，在校读书，学习，类似的短语还有： in hospital(住院)， in bed(在床上)，at school(在学校)，at work(在工作)， at home(在家).在这些短语中无冠词.
11.His teacher didn’t understand why his new pupil had so many strange questions.老师不明白为什么他的新学生有如此多奇怪的问题.
so many这样，那样多，如此多，修饰可数名词，so much修饰不可数名词，so不能用such代替.例如：
There is so much snow.有如此多的雪.
12.Most of the questions had nothing to do with his lessons.大多数的问题与他的功课毫不相关.
have nothing to do with和……无关.例如：
I have nothing to do with the accident.我和这次意外事件没有关系.
13.At the age of 12， he starts writing his own newspaper.
12岁时，他开始写他自己的报纸.
at the age of twelve相当于 when he was twelve.
At the age of seven， he went to school.七岁时，他去上学.
14.A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move.
一列火车正飞快地开过来，那孩子吓得一动也不敢动.
①come near走近，例如：
Come near me. I’ve got something to tell you..到我跟前来，我有话要跟你说.
②too…to…太而不能
The girl is too young to go to school.女孩太小不能去上学.
15.The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send message by telegraph.那孩子的父亲十分感激，于是教爱迪生学会使用电报的通信技术.
①thankful 例如：
He was so thankful to the young man.他对那年轻人太感激了.
②how to send messages by telegraph是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，在句中作直接宾语，例如：
I don’t decide what to do next.我没有决定下一步做什么，
16.This gave him a start in life.这使他从此开始了自己的事业.
①start n.开始 同义词 beginning，例如：
Everything is difficult at the start.万事开头难.
②life 生涯，人生 例如：to begin life踏入社会.
典型例题
1.He learnt very fast and became very interested in science.
他学得非常快，并且变得对科学十感兴趣.
解析 ①interested adj.感兴趣的 主语一般是人，且多用在连系动词be，get，become等后作表语，例如：
We are interested in fishing.我们对钓鱼感兴趣。
②interesting adj. 有趣的，带有主动意味，可用作表语或定语，既能修饰人也能修饰物，意为“有兴趣的，引起兴趣的”.例如：
This book is very interesting.这本书很有趣.
He is an interesting man.他是个有趣的人.
2.Edison saw little boy playing on the railway tracks at a station.
爱迪生在一个车站看见一个小男孩在铁轨上玩.
解析 see sb. doing sth.意思是“看到某人正在做某事”.用动词--ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行、动词see后还可跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即 see sb.do sth.意思“看见某人做了某事”，表示动作发生了，类似的动词还有hear，feel，watch等，它们都是表示感觉的动词.例如：
Do you hear someone knocking at the door？
Yes，I heard him knock three times.
你听见有人在敲门吗？是的，我听到他敲了三下.
3. Let’s ask him to turn it down.咱们叫他把它音量调小点.
解析 turn down(将声音，亮度等)调低，关小
turn up(将声音，亮度等)调高，开大
turn on开(灯、自来水等)
turn off关(灯，自来水，无线电等)
例：
①Could you turn your radio down， please？It’s too noisy.
你能把收音机声音调小吗？太吵了.
②I can’t hear clearly， please turn up the radio.
我听不清，请把收音机声音调大.
③He turned on the radio， and listened to the weather report.
他打开收音机听天气预报.
④Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.
在你走之前，别忘了关灯.
4.I’11 bring it to school in the morning.我明天早晨把它带到学校去.
解析 句中动词brig表示“带去”.如果把事物或某人带到说话人和听话人(即对话双方)将去的地方，要用bring而不用take.例如：
May I bring my friend to the party？
我能把我的朋友带去参加聚会吗？
5.阅读分析
Look around, we shall find that paper is widely used in our (1) . Everyone uses paper in some (2) .
As (3) ,we cannot study well without paper. At school we need books to read. In class we need note books to take notes. After school we need (4) to do our homework. (5) these things are made of paper. And most of our (6) is made of a kind of fine paper because paper is (7) and easy to carry.
Paper is (8) in millions of ways. (9) news is printed(印刷) on paper, so we have newspapers to (10) .Messages and letters are written on paper, so we can tell our friends something (11) meeting them. Presents are put into colour paper because we want to give our friends a nice (12) . Even our rooms can be made very beautiful with (13) .
We cannot say all the ways but we (14) very well that we cannot enjoy life without paper. We feel proud(自豪)that paper was first (15) by a Chinese called Cai Lun more than a thousand years ago.
(1)A. family B. life C. school D. work
(2)A. streets B. roads C. ways D. places
(3)A. workers B. farmers C. doctors D. student
(4)A. paper B. books C. pencils D. excercise-books
(5)A. All B. Some of C. Most of D. One of
(6)A. money B. message C. newspapers D. school things
(7)A. clean B. light C. hard D. soft
(8)A. used B. found C. called D. produced
(9)A. Good B. Bad C. Same D. Different
(10)A. look B. get C. read D. see
(11)A. with B. without C. when D. after
(12)A. present B. news C. surprise D. day
(13)A. flowers B. presents C. newspaper D. wall-paper
(14)A. say B. want C. know D. tell
(15)A. invented B. done C. made D. found
(答案：1－5 BCDDA 6－10 ABADC 11-15 BCDCA)
6.The policeman told the boy (fly) a kite in the street.
解析 动词不定式作宾语补足语常用的结构有： ask(tell)sb. to do sth，应填：to fly
7. Would you like have another cup of tea？改错题
解析 征求对方意见，要使用不定式结构，“要想某人做某事”，表示形式为： would like sb. to do sth.想要做某事，表示 would like to do sth.
改正：Would you like to have another cup of tea？
8. The radio is too noisy：Would you please turn down it？改错题
解析 短语 turn down中的 down是副词，故接代词要用在中间，类似以副词结尾的动词短语有：turn up，turn on，turn off，put up，take off，take away…etc.
改正；The radio is too noisy. Would you please turn it down.
9. We know Wright and Wilbur the first plane.
解析 飞机是一种发明创造，应用invent，填invented.
10. How did you make the child while he was crying？
A. smile B. to smile C. smiles D. smiled
解析 某些使役动词(have，make,let)等后接不带to的不定式作宾补，故应填A
【关于“Unit 7 A man who never gave up”的常见问题】
常见问题1: A man who never gave up1
问题：
请选择正确答案
( )1.The great inventor likes trying new ideas.
A. off B. for C. out D. in
( )2.The radio is too noisy. Please it .
A. put, down B. put, off C. turn, up D. turn, down
( )3.Why didn’t you tell him his own book?
A. use B. used C. using D. to use
( )4.She found him .
A. is a very good pupil. B. to be a very good pupil.
C. being a very good pupil. C. a very good pupils.
( )5.She become interested English and does well in it.
A. at B. on C. about D. in
解答:
1.C 2. D 3.D 4.B 5.D
常见问题2: A man who never gave up2
问题：
按要求转换句式
1.Jim said to me, “Please turn on the radio.”
Jim ask me the radio.
2.That’s a good plan. (改为反意疑问句)
That’s a good plan, ?
3.When Edison was 12, he started writing his own newspaper.(改同义句)
， Edison started writing his own newspaper.
4.Tom’s mother taught Tom (read).
5.She is so weak that she can’t walk on.(同义词)
She is walk on
解答:
1. to turn on 2. isn’t it 3.At the age of 12 4.to read 5. too weak to
常见问题3: A man who never gave up 3
问题：
Liu Ying told me_________for her at home.
A．waits B．waited C．to wait D．wait
解答:
分析tell后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语，它的句式为tellsb．to do sth. 此题易错在忘记带动词不定式符号“to”。相似用法的动词还有ask，like，want等。
答案C
常见问题4: A man who never gave up 4
问题：
Don’t you think his radio is too noisy? _________ Tell him to turn it down.
A．No, I do． B．Yes, I do.
C．No, I don’t. D．Yes, I don’ t.
解答:
分析 此句为否定式的一般疑问句，回答与Yes／No的意思正相反。意为“不，我觉得声音太吵闹了。”
注意! C选项中的“No，I don’t. ”虽然符合语法，但不符合题意。
答案B
常见问题5: A man who never gave up 5
问题：
Whose car is it?(同义句)→_______the______ _________the car?
解答:
分析此题考查灵活运用能力，课本中有句型：Which of these would you most like to own?其中own这个词用法很活。此句表示“自己的”，用作动词。还可用作形容词，如：I saw it with my own eyes. 而owner是它的名词形式，意思是“物主”。
答案Who’ s the owner of the car?
常见问题6: A man who never gave up 6
问题：
________the money he bought things for his lab.
A．With B．On C．Use D．By
解答:
分析此题考查with+n. 构成的介词短语，意为“用这笔钱”，在句中作状语。
答案A
注意！此题易错选为C，应引起注意。另外，with可用作多种含义，如“用、带着、关于、对于、和、随着”等，在不同的句子中有不同的含义，注意辨析。