核心词汇
1．Not having seen him for a long time，I can hardly ____________ (认出)him.
2．They went____________(直接)home without stopping at the gas station，for it was too late.
3．The result of the long police investigation is that the ____________(身份)of the killer is still a complete mystery.
4．I know from the young man’s ____________(口音)that he is from the South.
5．You’d better find a ______________(本地人)to tell you how to get there.
6．Follow the ____________(说明)that your doctor gives you.
7．Reading is one of the best ways of enlarging your ____________(词汇量)．
8．____________ on a real story happening in Shenzhen，the film attracted a lot of audience.(base)
9．He is a strong ____________ and he ____________ the whole nation with an iron hand.(government)
10．Recovery from the disease is very ____________.As the weather ____________ becomes warmer and warmer，he will pick up.(gradual)
1．recognize 2.straight 3.identity 4.accent 5.native 6．directions 7.vocabulary 8.Based 9.governor；governs 10.gradual；gradually
高频短语
1．________________ 因为；由于
2．________________ 走近；上来；提出
3．________________ 现在；目前
4．________________ 利用；使用
5．________________ 例如……；像这种的
6．________________ 扮演一个角色；参与
7．________________ 即使
8．________________ 以……为基础
1．because of 2.come up 3.at present 4.make use of
5．such as 6.play a part(in) 7.even if 8.be based on
重点句式
1．Today，____________ people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language ____________ ever before.
如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。
2．Native English speakers can understand each other __________ they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
3．Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and ________________ each other.
事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。
4．____________ more ____________ German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
5．________________，there is ________________ as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
1．more；than 2.even if 3.communicate with 4.It was based；on 5.Believe it or not；no such thing
知识详解
1command n． [C]命令，指令；[U]掌握
vt. 命令；指挥，支配；博得，赢得
(回归课本P12)Can you find the following command and request from Reading？
你能从阅读中找出下面的命令和要求吗？
[归纳拓展]
(1) at sb.’s command听某人的支配
in command of指挥；控制
under one’s command由……指挥
take command of控制；担任……的指挥
have a good command of很好地掌握，精通
(2) command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that...(should)do...命令……做……
[例句探源]
①(牛津P390)The police arrived and took command of the situation.
警察到达后就控制了局势。
②Applicants will be expected to have a good command of computer skills.
申请人必须有很好的电脑技能。
③The general commanded that we attack at once.
将军下令我们立刻发起进攻。
[即境活用]
1．In order to have a good________of English，he resigned and went abroad.
A．command B．need
C．master D．direction
解析：选A。句意：为了很好地掌握英语，他辞了职到国外去了。have a good command of表示“很好地掌握”的意思。
2．He commanded that the students________the classroom before he returned.
A．didn’t leave B．wouldn’t leave
C．needn’t leave D．not leave
解析：选D。本题考查command后that从句应用虚拟语气的用法，具体表示为：从句谓语部分用“should(not)＋动词原形”形式，should可以省略。
2request n．& vt. 请求；要求
(回归课本P12)In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.
在英语中，当你想让别人做事时，你使用命令或请求方式。
[归纳拓展]
(1) make (a) request for请求；要求……
at sb.’s request＝at the request of sb.应某人
之要求
(2) request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should)do sth.请求……做某事
request sth.from/of sb. 向某人请求某物
[例句探源]
①(朗文P1280)They have made an urgent request for international aid.
他们紧急请求国际援助。
②(牛津P1693)You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.
请不要在餐馆吸烟。
③(牛津P1693)He was there at the request of his manager.
他按经理的要求到了那里。
④(牛津P1693)She requested that no one (should) be told of her decision.
她要求不要向任何人谈起她的决定。
【巧学助记】 常用(should)＋do构成虚拟语气的动词口诀：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：advise，suggest，propose
四要求：request，require，demand，desire
[即境活用]
3．I’m sorry that I cannot accept your________to attend your birthday party，Linda，because I’m ________to answer all the customers’ letters tonight by my boss.
A．requirement；required
B．demand；requested
C．request；asked
D．request；required
解析：选D。句意：对不起Linda，我不能接受参加你生日宴会的邀请，因为老板要求我今晚把顾客的来信全部回完。第一个空表示邀请或请求，用request；第二个是老板的要求，用required。
4．Don’t respond to any emails________personal information，no matter how official they look.
A．searching B．asking
C．requesting D．questioning
解析：选C。ask for sth.和request sth.都可表示“要求某事物”，而question sth.为“对某事物提出质疑”；search a place表“搜某处”。
5．I shouldn’t have accepted the man’s present，but I found it difficult to turn down his________.
A．offer B．request
C．suggestion D．plan
解析：选A。本题考查名词辨析。从句子的意思分析，此处用名词offer，表示无法拒绝他的这种好意：主动给予礼物。
3recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(回归课本P13)Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
虽然美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言。
[归纳拓展]
recognize sb./one’s voice认出某人/听出某
人的声音
recognize sb./sth.as/to be...承认某人(物)是……
be recognized as... 被公认为/承认是……
It is recognized that... 人们公认……
(2) recognition n．认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition认不出来
[例句探源]
①The moment I picked up the phone，I recognized his voice.
我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。
②I recognize that I am not fit for the job.
我认识到我不适合这个工作。
③(牛津P1658)Drugs were not recognized as a problem then.
那时候还没把毒品看成严重问题。
[易混辨析]
recognize，know
(1)recognize指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来，是终止性动词。
(2)know是延续性动词，指相互间十分熟悉和了解。
[即境活用]
6．完成句子
(1)虽然他们10年没有见面了，但是他们一眼就认出对方来了。
Although they hadn’t met for 10 years，they ________ each other at first sight.
答案：recognized
(2)我认识他10年了。但他变化如此大，我刚才没有认出来。
I have ________ him for ten years.But I didn’t ________ him just now because he has changed so much.
答案：known；recognize
4because of 因为……，由于……的缘故
(回归课本P9)Later in the next century，people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.
在下一个世纪晚期，来自英国的人们长途跋涉去征服世界的其他地方，也是由于这一点，英语在许多国家得到使用。
[例句探源]
①(牛津P159)He walked slowly because of his bad leg.
他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。
②He was very angry because of what you said.
由于你说的话，他非常生气。
[易混辨析]
because of，owing to，due to，thanks to
这四个短语都有“由于”，“因为”的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不可接从句。
(1)because of意为“由于，因为”，强调因果关系，在句中一般作状语。
(2)owing to与because of一样，也强调因果关系，作表语或状语。
(3)due to 引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表语、状语。作状语时与owing to同义，但due to一般不置于句首。
①Liu Xiang gave up the competition because of his injury.
②The game was cancelled owing to the heavy rain.
③The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.
(4)thanks to只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思“幸亏”。
④It was a great success-thanks to a lot of hard work.
[即境活用]
7．-Did you return Fred’s call?
-I didn’t need to________I’ll see him tomorrow.
A．though B．unless
C．when D．because
解析：选D。句意：--你给Fred回电话了吗？--我没必要，因为明天我要去见他。though“虽然”；unless“除非”；when“当……时”；because“因为”。
8．The openair celebration has been put off________the bad weather.
A．in case of B．in spite of
C．instead of D．because of
解析：选D。句意：户外庆典由于恶劣天气被推迟了。in case of“万一”；in spite of“尽管”；instead of“代替”；because of “因为”。
9．Tom，together with his classmates，________because of________the school rule.
A．was punished；obeying
B．were punished；breaking
C．was punished；breaking
D．were punished；obeying
解析：选C。together with...短语只是句中主语Tom 的补充成分，句子谓语还应根据主语Tom来决定，用单数；而because of后接名词或动名词。break the rule“违反规则”；obey the rule“遵守规则”。
5come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等) 升起
(回归课本P10)
I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我愿意来你的公寓。
[归纳拓展]
come about发生
come across(偶然)遇见
come out(照片上)显露；结果是；出版
come to恢复知觉；共计；达到(某种状态)
come up with提出
come along一道来；一起去；进步；赶快
[例句探源]
①Your question came up at the meeting.
你的问题在会上被提出来讨论了。
②(朗文P286)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.
如果发生什么事，我会告诉你的。
③I came up with a proposal and it soon came up at the meeting.
我想出一条建议，很快这条建议在会上被提出来了。
④I’ll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.
我就不明白你为何一周迟到三次。
⑤I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.
今天早上我在牛津大街碰见了一位老校友。
[即境活用]
10．(2010年亳州模拟)Facing the emergency，we were at a loss and none of us could________a solution to the problem.
A．come about B．come out
C．come up D．come up with
解析：选D。句意：面对危机，我们不知所措，没有人想出解决问题的方法。come up with“想出”，符合句意。
11．A famous writer’s new book My New Life will ________next month.
A．come across B．come out
C．come along D．come up
解析：选B。come out“出版”，符合句意。come across“(偶然)遇见”；come along“一道来，一起来”；come up“走近，被提出”。
6 make use of 利用，使用
(回归课本P10)So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
[归纳拓展]
make full use of 充分利用
make good use of 好好利用
make little use of 不充分利用
make the most of 最好地利用
take full advantage of 充分利用
[例句探源]
①We should make the best use of our limited time.
我们应该充分利用我们有限的时间。
②We should consider what use can be made of such a material.
我们应该考虑这样的材料被用来做什么。
③In my opinion，the old shopping bag can still be made use of.
依我来看，这个旧的购物包仍能使用。
[即境活用]
12．The money collected should be made good use________the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake.
A．of helping B．to help
C．to helping D．of to help
解析：选D。make good use of sth.好好利用，后边用不定式表示目的。
13．The manager of the company told us that very little________was made of the waste material in the past.
A．cost B．value
C．use D．matter
解析：选C。注意make use of 的被动形式。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.(P10)
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
【句法分析】 even if或even though意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
①(牛津P683)I’ll get there even if I have to walk.
我就是走也要走到那儿。
②I’ll go to her birthday party even if it rains tomorrow.
即使明天下雨，我也要去参加她的生日宴会。
③(2010年高考安徽卷)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities，even if they have the interest.
工程师很忙，尽管他们对户外运动感兴趣也没有时间运动。
[即境活用]
14．Allow children the space to voice their opinions________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(即使不同于你自己的观点)．
答案：even if they are different from your own
2【教材原句】 It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.(P10)
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
【句法分析】 more... than...与其说……倒不如说……
①I was more angry than worried when they didn’t come home.
他们没有回家，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气。
②She was more sad than angry when her son lied.
当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
【温馨提示】 (1)more than＋数词，表示“超过，多于”。
(2)more than＋名词，表示“不仅是，不只是”。
(3)more than＋形容词/副词，表示“非常，十分”，与very同义。
(4)no more than＝only意为“只有，仅仅”；not more than常用于数词之前，意为“至多，不超过”，其意义相当于at(the)most。
(5)no less than不少于
③He is more than a scientist，he is also a poet.
他不仅仅是位科学家，还是一位诗人。
④I’m more than happy to take you there in my car.
我非常乐意用我的车带你去那里。
[即境活用]
15．(2009年高考浙江卷)It took________building supplies to construct these energyMsaving houses.It took brains，too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
解析：选B。句意：建造这些节能住宅不仅仅需要建筑用品，还需要用脑。more than意为“不仅仅”，修饰名词。other than不同于，除了；rather than宁可……也不愿，与其……倒不如；less than 不到，少于。
16．(2010年安徽十校检测)What a wonder！They’ve finished________half of the project in such a short time.
A．no more than
B．no less than
C．not more than
D．much less than
解析：选B。句意：真是一个奇迹！他们在这么短的时间内就完成了多达一半的工程。no more than(＝only)“仅仅”；no less than(＝as much as)“不少于，多达”；not more than(＝less than)“少于，不多于”；much less than“比……少得多”。