1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 弯弓
Bend one’s mind to work 专心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 与某人关系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 关系， 友谊， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他们彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好关系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回来 bring back to life. 恢复生机
bring about 带来， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，击落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 产生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提议 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引进， 获利，收获
bring out 使显现， 阐明， 出版， 生产
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 阐明一段文字的意义
bring up 教育， 培养， 养育， 提出（议题等）
7． bother n 麻烦， 困难
Vt 打扰， 麻烦， 使烦恼， 使难受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 担心，焦急， 费心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 号召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 请来，叫来
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打电话给--- 使回忆起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回电话
Call in 来访。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以亲自来，也可以打电话来。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 庆祝， 庆典。
V． celebrate 通常指对节日， 生日， 胜利， 结婚的纪念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 问候等； join 参加，加入
congratulate 祝贺，对象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝贺某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 连用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用来比喻某一方面占据重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物两端之间的位置， 常用词组为in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高兴的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性乐观， 在任何情况下都保持欣然的态度
merry 多指在节日或其他热闹场所表现出来的快乐情绪
Glad 暂时的喜悦
v. cheer 振奋， 欢呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高兴起来
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地区的长时间的天气特征，特别是气温，降雨，刮风等总的气候情况
weather 指某地区短时间内的特殊气候变化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一种， 一个，指单数 a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 确定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 对―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充电，充满 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要价，收费 charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的钱。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻击。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）费用 free of charge 免费 hotel charges 旅馆费
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 负责
in the charge of 由―― 负责
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒适，安逸 （不可数） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 给予安慰的人／物，使人舒适的事 （可数）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 结论make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下结论
11. condition
1) cn 条件，状况 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境况
３） 表示身体的健康状况 （不可数）
in condition 身体健康 out of condition 身体不好。
in the state of 处于某种状态
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的条件下，条件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
继续做同一件事， go on to do 继续做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，冲突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接触，联系
be in contact with 和―― 接触，有联系be out of contact with sb 脱离接触，失去联系
have contact with sb 和―― 有联系 lose contact with 和――失去联系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 疯狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切断， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（树） 削减 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 没有被动语态。多用于一般现在式。
date n 约会 Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n债务 in debt 欠债 out of debt 不欠债
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的债 pay off the debt 还清债务
３．depend on 依靠，信赖， 取决于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情况而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 变弱，平息，消失 （强调结果）
die away （声音，光） 渐渐消失，风渐渐平息 （强调过程）
die out 灭绝，消失
５. direction n 方向，指导
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝着―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指导下。
follow the direction 听从指导
6．Divide 分，划分，分开
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之间分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整体分为几部分
separate 把连在一起的或相邻的分割开
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 怀疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 无疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫无疑问
Vt 怀疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 怀疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后宾语从句中关联词的使用
1） 肯定句时， 名词从句用whether/if , when ,what 等连接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑问句否定句时， 名词从句用that 连接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人怀疑吗？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛装， 打扮， 装饰
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 给--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，颜色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---来打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的样子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培养， 训练
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自学
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教养的
2．endless adj 无穷的，无限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 结局，结尾 enormous 巨大的，庞大的，多指超过限度
large 大的，侧重面积，范围， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可数) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃烧能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指电力，功率， 权力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影响力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解释说明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信赖，诺言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠诚的 be faithful to sb 对某人忠诚
2. fame 名声，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 发烧
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓紧， 抓紧， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯着某人看
5. firm adj 动作稳定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 坚定立场 ， 坚定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 适合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （兴趣，活动等）中心，焦点
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦点对准 out of focus 焦点没对准
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反义 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸运的 ， 多指由于某种有利的境遇，使人得到未曾预料到的成功或好的机遇。
Lucky更加强调意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 运气， 命运，钱财，财产
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 机会人人有，来了莫放手
Make a fortune 发财
G
1． gain vt 获得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收获，增加 No pains, o gains.不劳无获
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一堑长一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 礼物，赠品；天赋，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
该博物馆的画集是一位老教授捐赠的。
Present与gift都可以做“礼物”讲，可互换，但gift有“捐赠”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天赋”讲时，与talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 毕业。主语一般为学校。
{vi. 毕业 graduate from
{n. 大学毕业生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，这所大学有400人毕业。
5．guide n. 导游，向导，指南，指导
Vt. 引导，指导。带领。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引导全国人民克服当前的困难。
guidance n. 指导。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通过（检查，测试，海关，议案，方案，计划）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.这消息终于送到了我们这儿
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通电话
4）度过时间 ，花钱
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我们度假花了一大笔钱。
Go through 仔细检查，全面考虑，研究；经历
Go through the items one by one. 逐条研究
Go through two stages. 经历两个阶段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 热， 热量，热烈，压力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加热到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖设备
4） adj. heated 热烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 举起， 拿起，举出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 压制，镇压。
3）hold in 约束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 电话不挂上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演讲得人讲了整整一小时
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 坚持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 尽管困难重重，他始终没有 放弃回到家乡的梦想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我们希望这场雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，坚持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 坚持到胜利
4． honour
1) 荣誉，尊敬， 名誉（不可数）
2）带来荣誉的人或事；荣幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 纪念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很荣幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名词性从句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虚构的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 伤害，受伤处
receive/suffer an injury 受伤
do an injury to sb= do harm to 伤害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按顺序，整齐 （反义） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虚拟）
His orders were to return next day., （虚拟）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人订购---
2）order from 从----订购
3） obey/break the order 服从/违背
5. inspire vt 鼓励，鼓舞，激发 ，启示
inspire sb sth 鼓励某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，将要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而没做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 倾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 为---准备，专供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追赶，追上。
catch up with 赶上并超过
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，倾斜
lean to/ towards 倾向于某种观点
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠着桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墙
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他们的新房坐落于河边
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可爱的，令人愉快的（口语）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 过一个愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （与dead 相对）特指动物。
lively 活泼的，活跃的，栩栩如生的，生动的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章对南美的生活做了生动的描述。
living 活着的
alive 活着的，现场直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光焕发，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）专业 I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 组成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 编造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 装扮，化装
4） Make up for 弥补 We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他们没有意识到我们对信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生来情绪温和
gentle 指态度使人感到和蔼可亲，意思较mild 强
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
对于众多的要求他不能说“不”，因为他是个温和的人
7． Manage 设法，经营，对付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 与can ,be able to ,could 连用，设法对付，设法办成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 经理，经营者 management 管理，经营
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少数的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少数派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出现，呈现= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮现 A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然发现---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，经营操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 运转，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 动手术
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可数)
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步调 He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小时三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分开/分离
Vi part from sb 与某人分开/分离/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.妇女在社会主义建设中起着非常重要的作用。
Part with 放弃，出让 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 还清债务
pay for 为某物/某人付钱； 付钱买---； 为-付出代价
pay back 偿还，回报
pay up 全部付清，按时还清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，捡起；开车接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨别出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand.
B.
1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 弯弓
Bend one’s mind to work 专心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 与某人关系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 关系， 友谊， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他们彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好关系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回来 bring back to life. 恢复生机
bring about 带来， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，击落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 产生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提议 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引进， 获利，收获
bring out 使显现， 阐明， 出版， 生产
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 阐明一段文字的意义
bring up 教育， 培养， 养育， 提出（议题等）
7． bother n 麻烦， 困难
Vt 打扰， 麻烦， 使烦恼， 使难受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 担心，焦急， 费心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 号召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 请来，叫来
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打电话给--- 使回忆起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回电话
Call in 来访。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以亲自来，也可以打电话来。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 庆祝， 庆典。
V． celebrate 通常指对节日， 生日， 胜利， 结婚的纪念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 问候等； join 参加，加入
congratulate 祝贺，对象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝贺某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 连用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用来比喻某一方面占据重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物两端之间的位置， 常用词组为in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高兴的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性乐观， 在任何情况下都保持欣然的态度
merry 多指在节日或其他热闹场所表现出来的快乐情绪
Glad 暂时的喜悦
v. cheer 振奋， 欢呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高兴起来
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地区的长时间的天气特征，特别是气温，降雨，刮风等总的气候情况
weather 指某地区短时间内的特殊气候变化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一种， 一个，指单数 a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 确定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 对―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充电，充满 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要价，收费 charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的钱。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻击。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）费用 free of charge 免费 hotel charges 旅馆费
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 负责
in the charge of 由―― 负责
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒适，安逸 （不可数） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 给予安慰的人／物，使人舒适的事 （可数）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 结论make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下结论
11. condition
1) cn 条件，状况 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境况
３） 表示身体的健康状况 （不可数）
in condition 身体健康 out of condition 身体不好。
in the state of 处于某种状态
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的条件下，条件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
继续做同一件事， go on to do 继续做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，冲突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接触，联系
be in contact with 和―― 接触，有联系be out of contact with sb 脱离接触，失去联系
have contact with sb 和―― 有联系 lose contact with 和――失去联系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 疯狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切断， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（树） 削减 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 没有被动语态。多用于一般现在式。
date n 约会 Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n债务 in debt 欠债 out of debt 不欠债
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的债 pay off the debt 还清债务
３．depend on 依靠，信赖， 取决于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情况而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 变弱，平息，消失 （强调结果）
die away （声音，光） 渐渐消失，风渐渐平息 （强调过程）
die out 灭绝，消失
５. direction n 方向，指导
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝着―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指导下。
follow the direction 听从指导
6．Divide 分，划分，分开
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之间分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整体分为几部分
separate 把连在一起的或相邻的分割开
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 怀疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 无疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫无疑问
Vt 怀疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 怀疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后宾语从句中关联词的使用
1） 肯定句时， 名词从句用whether/if , when ,what 等连接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑问句否定句时， 名词从句用that 连接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人怀疑吗？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛装， 打扮， 装饰
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 给--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，颜色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---来打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的样子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培养， 训练
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自学
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教养的
2．endless adj 无穷的，无限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 结局，结尾 enormous 巨大的，庞大的，多指超过限度
large 大的，侧重面积，范围， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可数) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃烧能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指电力，功率， 权力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影响力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解释说明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信赖，诺言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠诚的 be faithful to sb 对某人忠诚
2. fame 名声，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 发烧
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓紧， 抓紧， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯着某人看
5. firm adj 动作稳定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 坚定立场 ， 坚定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 适合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （兴趣，活动等）中心，焦点
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦点对准 out of focus 焦点没对准
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反义 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸运的 ， 多指由于某种有利的境遇，使人得到未曾预料到的成功或好的机遇。
Lucky更加强调意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 运气， 命运，钱财，财产
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 机会人人有，来了莫放手
Make a fortune 发财
G
1． gain vt 获得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收获，增加 No pains, o gains.不劳无获
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一堑长一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 礼物，赠品；天赋，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
该博物馆的画集是一位老教授捐赠的。
Present与gift都可以做“礼物”讲，可互换，但gift有“捐赠”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天赋”讲时，与talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 毕业。主语一般为学校。
{vi. 毕业 graduate from
{n. 大学毕业生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，这所大学有400人毕业。
5．guide n. 导游，向导，指南，指导
Vt. 引导，指导。带领。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引导全国人民克服当前的困难。
guidance n. 指导。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通过（检查，测试，海关，议案，方案，计划）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.这消息终于送到了我们这儿
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通电话
4）度过时间 ，花钱
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我们度假花了一大笔钱。
Go through 仔细检查，全面考虑，研究；经历
Go through the items one by one. 逐条研究
Go through two stages. 经历两个阶段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 热， 热量，热烈，压力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加热到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖设备
4） adj. heated 热烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 举起， 拿起，举出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 压制，镇压。
3）hold in 约束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 电话不挂上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演讲得人讲了整整一小时
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 坚持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 尽管困难重重，他始终没有 放弃回到家乡的梦想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我们希望这场雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，坚持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 坚持到胜利
4． honour
1) 荣誉，尊敬， 名誉（不可数）
2）带来荣誉的人或事；荣幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 纪念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很荣幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名词性从句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虚构的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 伤害，受伤处
receive/suffer an injury 受伤
do an injury to sb= do harm to 伤害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按顺序，整齐 （反义） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虚拟）
His orders were to return next day., （虚拟）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人订购---
2）order from 从----订购
3） obey/break the order 服从/违背
5. inspire vt 鼓励，鼓舞，激发 ，启示
inspire sb sth 鼓励某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，将要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而没做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 倾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 为---准备，专供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追赶，追上。
catch up with 赶上并超过
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，倾斜
lean to/ towards 倾向于某种观点
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠着桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墙
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他们的新房坐落于河边
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可爱的，令人愉快的（口语）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 过一个愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （与dead 相对）特指动物。
lively 活泼的，活跃的，栩栩如生的，生动的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章对南美的生活做了生动的描述。
living 活着的
alive 活着的，现场直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光焕发，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）专业 I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 组成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 编造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 装扮，化装
4） Make up for 弥补 We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他们没有意识到我们对信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生来情绪温和
gentle 指态度使人感到和蔼可亲，意思较mild 强
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
对于众多的要求他不能说“不”，因为他是个温和的人
7． Manage 设法，经营，对付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 与can ,be able to ,could 连用，设法对付，设法办成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 经理，经营者 management 管理，经营
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少数的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少数派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出现，呈现= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮现 A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然发现---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，经营操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 运转，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 动手术
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可数)
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步调 He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小时三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分开/分离
Vi part from sb 与某人分开/分离/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.妇女在社会主义建设中起着非常重要的作用。
Part with 放弃，出让 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 还清债务
pay for 为某物/某人付钱； 付钱买---； 为-付出代价
pay back 偿还，回报
pay up 全部付清，按时还清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，捡起；开车接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨别出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand.
B.
1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 弯弓
Bend one’s mind to work 专心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 与某人关系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 关系， 友谊， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他们彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好关系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回来 bring back to life. 恢复生机
bring about 带来， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，击落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 产生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提议 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引进， 获利，收获
bring out 使显现， 阐明， 出版， 生产
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 阐明一段文字的意义
bring up 教育， 培养， 养育， 提出（议题等）
7． bother n 麻烦， 困难
Vt 打扰， 麻烦， 使烦恼， 使难受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 担心，焦急， 费心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 号召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 请来，叫来
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打电话给--- 使回忆起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回电话
Call in 来访。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以亲自来，也可以打电话来。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 庆祝， 庆典。
V． celebrate 通常指对节日， 生日， 胜利， 结婚的纪念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 问候等； join 参加，加入
congratulate 祝贺，对象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝贺某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 连用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用来比喻某一方面占据重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物两端之间的位置， 常用词组为in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高兴的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性乐观， 在任何情况下都保持欣然的态度
merry 多指在节日或其他热闹场所表现出来的快乐情绪
Glad 暂时的喜悦
v. cheer 振奋， 欢呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高兴起来
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地区的长时间的天气特征，特别是气温，降雨，刮风等总的气候情况
weather 指某地区短时间内的特殊气候变化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一种， 一个，指单数 a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 确定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 对―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充电，充满 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要价，收费 charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的钱。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻击。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）费用 free of charge 免费 hotel charges 旅馆费
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 负责
in the charge of 由―― 负责
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒适，安逸 （不可数） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 给予安慰的人／物，使人舒适的事 （可数）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 结论make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下结论
11. condition
1) cn 条件，状况 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境况
３） 表示身体的健康状况 （不可数）
in condition 身体健康 out of condition 身体不好。
in the state of 处于某种状态
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的条件下，条件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
继续做同一件事， go on to do 继续做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，冲突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接触，联系
be in contact with 和―― 接触，有联系be out of contact with sb 脱离接触，失去联系
have contact with sb 和―― 有联系 lose contact with 和――失去联系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 疯狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切断， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（树） 削减 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 没有被动语态。多用于一般现在式。
date n 约会 Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n债务 in debt 欠债 out of debt 不欠债
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的债 pay off the debt 还清债务
３．depend on 依靠，信赖， 取决于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情况而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 变弱，平息，消失 （强调结果）
die away （声音，光） 渐渐消失，风渐渐平息 （强调过程）
die out 灭绝，消失
５. direction n 方向，指导
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝着―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指导下。
follow the direction 听从指导
6．Divide 分，划分，分开
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之间分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整体分为几部分
separate 把连在一起的或相邻的分割开
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 怀疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 无疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫无疑问
Vt 怀疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 怀疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后宾语从句中关联词的使用
1） 肯定句时， 名词从句用whether/if , when ,what 等连接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑问句否定句时， 名词从句用that 连接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人怀疑吗？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛装， 打扮， 装饰
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 给--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，颜色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---来打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的样子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培养， 训练
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自学
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教养的
2．endless adj 无穷的，无限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 结局，结尾 enormous 巨大的，庞大的，多指超过限度
large 大的，侧重面积，范围， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可数) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃烧能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指电力，功率， 权力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影响力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解释说明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信赖，诺言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠诚的 be faithful to sb 对某人忠诚
2. fame 名声，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 发烧
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓紧， 抓紧， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯着某人看
5. firm adj 动作稳定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 坚定立场 ， 坚定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 适合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （兴趣，活动等）中心，焦点
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦点对准 out of focus 焦点没对准
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反义 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸运的 ， 多指由于某种有利的境遇，使人得到未曾预料到的成功或好的机遇。
Lucky更加强调意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 运气， 命运，钱财，财产
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 机会人人有，来了莫放手
Make a fortune 发财
G
1． gain vt 获得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收获，增加 No pains, o gains.不劳无获
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一堑长一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 礼物，赠品；天赋，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
该博物馆的画集是一位老教授捐赠的。
Present与gift都可以做“礼物”讲，可互换，但gift有“捐赠”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天赋”讲时，与talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 毕业。主语一般为学校。
{vi. 毕业 graduate from
{n. 大学毕业生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，这所大学有400人毕业。
5．guide n. 导游，向导，指南，指导
Vt. 引导，指导。带领。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引导全国人民克服当前的困难。
guidance n. 指导。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通过（检查，测试，海关，议案，方案，计划）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.这消息终于送到了我们这儿
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通电话
4）度过时间 ，花钱
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我们度假花了一大笔钱。
Go through 仔细检查，全面考虑，研究；经历
Go through the items one by one. 逐条研究
Go through two stages. 经历两个阶段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 热， 热量，热烈，压力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加热到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖设备
4） adj. heated 热烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 举起， 拿起，举出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 压制，镇压。
3）hold in 约束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 电话不挂上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演讲得人讲了整整一小时
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 坚持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 尽管困难重重，他始终没有 放弃回到家乡的梦想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我们希望这场雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，坚持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 坚持到胜利
4． honour
1) 荣誉，尊敬， 名誉（不可数）
2）带来荣誉的人或事；荣幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 纪念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很荣幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名词性从句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虚构的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 伤害，受伤处
receive/suffer an injury 受伤
do an injury to sb= do harm to 伤害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按顺序，整齐 （反义） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虚拟）
His orders were to return next day., （虚拟）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人订购---
2）order from 从----订购
3） obey/break the order 服从/违背
5. inspire vt 鼓励，鼓舞，激发 ，启示
inspire sb sth 鼓励某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，将要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而没做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 倾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 为---准备，专供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追赶，追上。
catch up with 赶上并超过
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，倾斜
lean to/ towards 倾向于某种观点
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠着桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墙
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他们的新房坐落于河边
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可爱的，令人愉快的（口语）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 过一个愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （与dead 相对）特指动物。
lively 活泼的，活跃的，栩栩如生的，生动的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章对南美的生活做了生动的描述。
living 活着的
alive 活着的，现场直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光焕发，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）专业 I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 组成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 编造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 装扮，化装
4） Make up for 弥补 We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他们没有意识到我们对信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生来情绪温和
gentle 指态度使人感到和蔼可亲，意思较mild 强
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
对于众多的要求他不能说“不”，因为他是个温和的人
7． Manage 设法，经营，对付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 与can ,be able to ,could 连用，设法对付，设法办成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 经理，经营者 management 管理，经营
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少数的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少数派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出现，呈现= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮现 A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然发现---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，经营操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 运转，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 动手术
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可数)
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步调 He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小时三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分开/分离
Vi part from sb 与某人分开/分离/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.妇女在社会主义建设中起着非常重要的作用。
Part with 放弃，出让 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 还清债务
pay for 为某物/某人付钱； 付钱买---； 为-付出代价
pay back 偿还，回报
pay up 全部付清，按时还清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，捡起；开车接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨别出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand