1. When choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. (p29)
host v. (1) 支持，主办。
Do you know which city will host next Olympic Games?
host n. 主人，东道主; hostess女主人, 女服务员;女主持人
China is the host country of the 2008 Olympic Games.
，女乘务员；（餐厅等的）女招待,。
（3）a host of 一大群（可数）：
a host of friends一大群朋友
hosts of students.一群群的学生
We are faced with a host of difficulties.我们面临着好些困难。
2. sports facilities.
facilities是facility的复数形式，指“设备，设施”，可数名词，多作复数。
transport facilities 交通设施。
3. If a city has plenty of parks, this could help its bid to be an Olympic city.
bid n . （1）在句中是“争取，申请”或“（为取得，赢得......所作的）努力，企图”；（2） 出价，投标
a bid for sth; make a bid to do sth.
His bid for freedom had failed.
他争取自由的努力失败了。
Tonight the Ethiopian athlete will make a bid to break the world record.
今晚这名埃塞俄比亚运动员将争取打破世界记录。
Several companies are bidding for the contract to build the bridge.
有几家公司在投标争取承包建桥工程。
What was the highest bid for the painting？
vt ＆ vi. bid (bid , bid, bidding )（拍卖时）喊（价）；投标
Several companies are bidding for the contract to build the bridge.
4. plenty of 许多，大量（后接可数名词与不可数名词）
（1）a great/ good many; a number of; quite a few ; many 后接可数名词复数。
（2）much; a good/great deal of; a large amount of ; quite a little 后接不可数名词
(3) a lot of ; lots of; plenty of; a great quantity of 后接可数名词或不可数名词。
5. I’m pretty sure you can swim very well.
I’m pretty sure 表示“我相当肯定”pretty在这儿是副词表示“相当”（表示程度），可以修饰形容词和副词。
Her sister is still pretty sick. 他的妹妹仍然病得厉害。
She was in pretty good health; only a little tired. 她身体相当好，只是有点累。
The wind blew pretty hard 风吹得相当厉害。
pretty有时也表示“非常”
That performance was pretty impressive.
pretty adj. (a woman, or a girl /a place/ etc.) attractive without being beautiful
She is a pretty woman.
You look so pretty in that dress!
a pretty garden
pretty much / well (informal) almost; almost completely:
One dog looks pretty much like another to me.
He goes out pretty well every night.
6. otherwise adv. 在句中表示“否则”
Do it now. Otherwise, it will be too late. 现在就干。否则就太晚了。
You mustn’t tell this to my father, Otherwise ,he would kill me 你可千万别把这事告诉我老爸。否则，他非杀了我不可。
7. It is played on a table that is 2.74 metres by 1.525 metres and stands 76 centimetres from the ground (page 34)
介词by在英语中可用来表示长、宽比。
The y entered a hall which measures 23 metres by 15 metres.
8.stretch vt 铺开，舒展；拉长； 使紧张
vi 伸展；延伸，舒展肢体 也可指（时间）延续
He stretched his arm up as far as he could。他把手臂尽量往上举。
Mother stretched the sheet out to dry. 妈妈把被单铺开凉干。
The forests stretched (for) hundreds of miles. 森林绵延数百英里。
Canada stretches form the Atlantic to the Pacific.
9. play leading roles
role n. 角色；任务，作用（同part）
play the role/ part of 扮演.....角色
play a role/ part in 在......中发挥作用/扮演角色
Phonetics plays an important part in the study of English.
10.
11..meet sb’s requirements
meet 满足“（需要），符合（要求）”，或者“应付、对付”。
Tom’s poor salary was not able to meet his girlfriend’s various desires.
In order to meet his expenses, he had to do extra work at night.
12. practise vt. practice n. practical adj.
You must practise speaking English more.
It seems all right--- you'd better put it into practice.（付诸实施）
What you need is more practice.
He is a practical man.他是个现实的人。
He is studying practical English.他在学习实用英语。
13. In order for a new sport to be added, a current sport must be dropped.
(1)to be added 的逻辑主语是for a new sport 该逻辑主语与不定式所表示的动作add是被动关系。]
In order for Lily to be informed , a short message was sent to her
In order for Mars to be explored, a larger spaceship will be designed.
(2) drop 表示“丢弃，使停止，使终止”
Drop your weapons! Hands up! 放下武器！举起手来！
In order to drop smoking, he tried many different ways.
drop “落下，下（客），解雇”等。
Don’t drop the vase! That’s a souvenir from Venice .
别把花瓶给打了！那可是从威尼斯带回来的纪念品。
Please drop me at the railway station.
After he had made that foolish mistake, the company dropped him.
14. ensure vt.(= makde sure )
I can’t ensure that he will be there in time.
Come early to ensure getting a good seat.
15. keep … under control 将……控制住
keep your temper under control.控制住你的脾气.
It was a long time before they got the flood waters under control.
16. Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past have been removed.
remove 在此表示 “去掉,消除”,及物动词.
He removed all the evidence of his crime.他消除了他的所有罪证.
Will you please help me to remove mud from my shoes?
(1)拿开,移动(vt.):
He removed his desk to another office. 他把他的桌子移到另一个办公室去了.
(2)脱掉:
The traveller removed his wet coat.旅行者脱掉了他的湿外套.
(3)辞职,辞退
They therefore removed him from his position.他们因此免去了他的职位.
The corrupt official was removed from office.那个腐败官员被革除了职务.
(4)搬家、迁移
They have decided to remove to a warm climate.他们决定搬到气候温和的地方.
17.familiar (1)亲密的，亲近的 （2）熟 谙的，通晓的 （3）熟悉的
（人）be familiar with (物）be familiar to
He is a familiar friend of mine.他是我的密友。
I'm familiar with her friend.我和他的家人很亲密。
He is familiar with three languages.他通晓 三种语言。
His name is familiar to all of us.他的名字为我们所熟知。
18. Supporters of Wushu would like to see it entered as a branch ...
see sb/ sth+过去分词，表示“看见某人/某物被。。。”
I don't want to see you beaten in the game.
They wanted to see the plan carried out soon.
19. make way (for ) 给……让路, 把职位让给…..
They made way for the bus.
I shall make way for a younger man..
相关短语:
clear the way (for )(为…….)扫清道路 feel one’s way (黑暗中)摸索; 想一步走一步,
fight one’s way打出道路,杀出生路 find one’s way to 设法到达
give way 让路,让步,屈服 lead the way 引路,
lose one’s way 迷路 make one’s way 前进,成功,
pick one’s way 择路而行,行路谨慎 all the way 从头至尾,自始自终;一路上
any way 不管怎样,无论如何 by the way 在路旁,顺便说
by way of 经由;通过……方法 in a / one way 在某点上,在某种程度上;
in no way 一点也不,决不 in the way 挡道的,妨碍人的
20. involve vt. 包括,牵涉,使参与
be/get/become involved in sth 卷入……. be involved in doing sth 专心致志做某事
involved adj复杂的 involvement n.卷入,牵连, 牵连到的事物
They are deeply involved in debt. Don’t involve yourself in unnecessary expense.
become involved in criminal activities 与犯罪活动有关联.
an involved sentence / explanation. 复杂的句子或说明.
The book has a very involved plot. 这本书的情节很复杂.
21. maintain (keep up 、continue ) 保持、维持、继续
maintain friendly relations (with……)与……保持友好关系
maintain prices 保持物价的平衡 maintain law and order维持治安
maintain a speed of 60 miles an hour 保持一小时六十里的速度
The improvement in his health is being maintained 他的健康仍然继续在进步中。
maintain a balance of 保持平衡
keep one’s balance
A child has to learn to keep its balance before it can walk far .
lose one’s balance 失去平衡；（喻）心绪紊乱
He was surrounded by so many dangers that he lost his balance.
Balance the budget 平衡预算
A balanced diet 均衡饮食
22. look at “考虑、看待，着眼于”
The boss will not look at your proposal. 老板不会考虑你的建议的。
What I look at is its low price. 我看中的是它很便宜的。
She doesn’t want to be looked at as a little girl. 她不愿意被别人看作小女孩。