Module 8 Unit 3 Language points
Period 1 welcome to the unit
1. be around 存在，起作用，流行
Mobile phones have been around for some time. 手机已流行很长时间了。
There’s a lot of flu around at the moment. 这一阵子流行流感。
I'll be around if you should want me. 你如需要我，我就在附近。
have been around 还有走红，阅历丰富的意思
He’s been around a lot. 他谙熟世故。
Life often makes fun of those who haven’t been around. 生活常常捉弄涉世不深的人。
2. earn money =make money 挣钱
She's working hard to earn money. 她为了挣钱而努力工作。.
earn one's living 谋生
Period 2 Reading
Words and phrases：
1. talented adj. 有才能的，能干的
talented players/ youngsters 天才运动员/神童
talent n. 天资, 才能, 禀赋;
literary talent文学才能
special talent特殊才能
have a talent for n./doing = have a gift for对...有天赋
He has a talent for music. 他有音乐天赋。
[集合词]人材, 有才干的人
He is a great talent. 他是一个伟大的天才。
There is a wealth of young talent in British literature. 英国文学年轻一代人才辈出。
2. architecture n. 建筑, 建筑学
She studies architecture in America. 他在美国学习建筑学。
architect 建筑师；设计师
An architect is a person who designs buildings.
3. amaze 使惊奇；使吃惊
Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃惊。
be amazed to do / at (by) / that 对...大为惊奇
We were amazed to hear the news.
I was amazed at/by the news of George's sudden death.
听到乔治突然去逝的消息,我感到惊愕。
I was amazed that he had made such rapid progress in English.
amazed / amazing adj.
4. represent vt. ①表现；描写；描画
This painting represents a storm. 这幅画描绘暴风雨。
②代表；象征; 代理；
A dove represents peace. 鸽子象征和平。
On this map what does a star represent? 这地图上的星号代表什么？
We chose a committee to represent us. 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。
③声称 represent + n +as/ to be
He represented himself as a philosopher. 他声称自己是哲学家。
representative n.代表； 代理人（与of连用） / adj.典型的, 有代表性的
a representative of a company 公司的代表
a representative collection of ancient Greek art 古希腊艺术代表作品集
5. historic adj. 有历史意义的,有历史影响的
【注意】
historic和 historical尽管在意义上有重叠的地方，但用法上有区别。
historic指历史上有重要意义的，产生重要影响的：
a historic spot古迹
a historic event 历史性事件
historical指不管重要与否而在过去存在的所有事物,和历史有关，一般和知识有关
a historical novel 历史小说
historical research 历史研究
6. calculate vt. ①计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算
calculate the cost of a journey 计算旅行费用
You need to calculate hou much time the assignment will take.
你需要计算一下要花多少时间才能完成被分配的任务。
It is calculated that... 据计算..
It is calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
据计算，去年至少丧失了47000个工作。
②推测, 预测
It is possible to calculate what influence he had on her life.
现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大的影响。
be calculated to do/for sth 为适合...而设计的; 适合于
This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives.
这份广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。
calculate on (upon) 指望着, 期待着
We can’t calculate on having fine weather for the sports meeting.
我们不能指望着有好天气开运动会。
7. range vi. (在一定范围内)变化, 变动 range from A to B/ range between A and B
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。
n. 行列, 范围, 射程
in the range of 在... 范围内; 在射程内 / out of [beyond] range 在射程外
a wide range of knowledge 广博的知识
the annual range of temperature每年的温度变化范围
range over v. 涉及, 包括，射程范围
The discussion ranged over various problem. 那次讨论涉及到种种问题。
The gun ranges over five miles. 这次枪的射程可达五英里多。
8. float vt. /vi. 漂浮[流], 浮起; 飘动
The ship was floated by the tide. 船被潮流冲走。
The boat floated down the river. 小船沿河漂流。
The smell of roses floated around. 玫瑰花的芳香在四周飘荡。
9. weep vi. (wept, wept) 流泪; 哭泣（常与for, over连用）
weep for the dead 哀悼死者
She wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到这个坏消息时哭了。
He wept over his sad fate. 他为他的悲惨命运而哭泣。
10. scare vt ①恐吓，惊吓；使受惊；惊恐（常与of, to连用）
I was scared of the big dog. 我害怕这条大狗。
be scared to death 吓得要死
②把…吓跑（常与away, off, up连用）
The dogs scared the thief away. 那些狗把贼吓跑了。
11. devote vt. 献身；专心于…（与to连用）
devote …to…把...献给; 把...专用于
He devoted his life to literature. 他专心致志于文学。
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
devote oneself to 致力于, 献身于; 专心于
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
退休后,他将要致力于园艺。
be devoted to 忠诚于…
Everybody knows that our director is very devoted to his wife.
从都知道我们的厂长对妻子十分忠诚。
12. distribute vt.分发, 分配, 散布, 分布
distribute sth. to/among 把某物分[配, 发]给...
to distribute books to students 给学生发书
The firm distributed its profits among its workers. 公司将利润分给工人。
distribute...over ... 把...配给到[分配到, 散布于]..
distribute seeds over a field 在田间播种
distribution n 分发，分配, 分布，散布
They couldn’t agree on the distribution of profits 他们对于利润的分配意见不一致。
13. negotiate vi, vt 谈判；协商；商谈；达成协议（常与with连用）
The government will not negotiate with them. 政府不会和他们谈判。
They negotiated a peace treaty. 他们通过谈判达成和平协议。
negotiation n. 谈判；协商；商谈
carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判
The issue is still under negotiation. 这个问题还在商讨之中。
14. adore vt 崇拜；喜爱；爱慕
adore doing喜爱做某事
He adores the cinema. 他非常爱看电影。
She adores going to the volleyball match. 她非常喜欢看排球比赛。
15. abstract adj. 抽象的，理论上的, 深奥的, 难以了解的
abstract noun 抽象名词
Astronomy is an abstract subject.天文学是一门深奥的学科。
16. subjective adj. 主观的 反义词是objective
man’s subjective initiative 人的主观能动性
Everyone’s opinion is bound to be subjective. 每个人的意见都必定是十分主观的。
17. appetite n. 食欲, 欲望，嗜好
have an appetite for
She has an appetite for learning 她有求知欲(嗜好学习)。
to lose one's appetite 食欲不振
He has a good / poor appetite. 他胃口很好/不好。
18. assistance n.协助, 援助, 补助
financial assistance 经济资助
Can I be of any assistance to you? 我能帮你什么忙吗?
with the assistance of 在某人的帮助之下
come to sb.'s assistance 援助某人
give [render] assistance (to) 给以援助
assist v
assist sb with sth/ in doing sth/ to do
19. abandon vt 抛弃；舍弃；离弃
abandon one's home 离弃家园
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
abandoned himself to陷入，沉湎于…
He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
an abandoned house 被遗弃的房子
20. start from scratch从头做起, 白手起家
It was years since I’d learned any German, and I really had to start again from scratch.
我好多年没学德语了，真的要重新从头开始了。
Sentences：
1. （Line 7）I was amazed to learn that…just a painter.
我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了两万多件艺术作品，而且他不仅是一位油画家。
“that” 后面的整个句子做“learn”的宾语，其中，第二个宾语从句中“that he wasn’t just a painter”中的引导词“that”不可省。
2. （Line 16）In the Louver Museum is the … artist Leonardo da Vinci.
卢浮宫里有意大利画家奥纳多﹒达﹒芬奇著名的油画《蒙娜﹒丽莎》。
本句是一个倒装句，主语the famous Mona Lisa painting 放在谓语动词is 之后，在有些句子中，由于没有宾语，而主语又比较长，可将主语放句末，将谓语放在主语前面，而将状语或表语放句首，这是一种完全倒装形式，不需要借助助动词，本句就是这种类型的句子。如：
At the top of the mountain stands a temple. 山上有座寺庙。
From the distance came occasional shots. 远处传来零星的枪声。
3. （Line 19）This painting is so valuable that … wanted to sell it.
这幅画如此珍贵，如果博物馆想卖了它，都很难为它估价。
①“so … that … ” 如此 … 以至于… 如对“so”后面的成分进行强调，放句首， “so”后面的从句要用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。
②“that”后面的从句使用的是if 引导的虚拟语气，表示与客观事实相反的情况。
4. （Line 23）Besides the works of Da Vinci, … to the 19th century.
除了达﹒芬奇的作品，卢浮宫里还藏有其他欧洲画家从13世纪到19世纪创作的六千余件作品。
① 复习一下“works”的用法
② “range from … to … ”意思是“从 … 到 … ”，“在 … 和 … 之间”
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. 价格自五美元至十美元不等。
5. （Line 44）The sad thing is that although … he died in 1890.
令人可悲的是：虽然凡﹒高把自己都奉献给了绘画，但在他1890年去世前他仅卖出了一幅画。
① “devote … to … ”
② “that”后面的整个从句是is的表语，“that”引导的是一个表语从句；其中，表语从句中又是一个“although”引导的让步状语从句。
Period 4 Grammar and usage
1. Having twisted her ankle, our tour guide had to be taken to the hospital.
twist n. 一扭, 扭曲 v. 拧,扭曲
twist one's ankle 扭伤了踝骨
The papers twisted everything I said. 报纸把我的话全都歪曲了。
2. reservation n. 保留; (旅馆房间等)预定, 预约
make reservations定座, 定房间(等);
without reservation 毫不保留地
I’d like to call the restaurant and make a reservation. 我要给饭店打个电话预定座位。
Some members of the committee expressed reservations about the proposal.
委员会一些成员对这项提议持保留态度。
reserve v. 预定，预约，保留
I’ve reserved a room in the name of Jones. 我已经以琼斯的名字预定了一个房间。
These seats are reserved for special guests. 这些座位是留给贵宾的。
3. However, that hotel was booked full.
book v. 预定，预约
Book early to avoid disappointment. 及早预约，以免失望。
The performance is fully booked up. 这次演出的票全预定出去了。
4. a couple of 两个, 几个
I have a couple of things to do. 我有几件事要做。
5. hardly … when … “一 … 就 …”
通常when 前面的动词用过去完成时，后面的用过去时；
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。
当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句的主谓用倒装语序，类似的结构还有No sooner … than … ； Scarcely … when … 等，如：
Scarcely had we gone out when it began to snow. 我们刚一出来就下起雪来了。
No sooner had she reached the station than the train left. 她刚到车站火车就开走了。
Period 5 Task
1. considering prep.鉴于,考虑到,顾及
Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.
就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得算挺好的。
You managed the project well, considering your inexperience.
考虑到你缺乏经验，对你来说，这个方案你已处理得很好了。
2. bargain n ①廉价货; 廉价买到的东西
This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. 这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。
It's a real bargain. 真便宜。
②交易，合同交易，协议
make a bargain with sb （与某人）订立合同
He made a bargain with his wife 'You take care of the children and I'll cook.'
他跟妻子讲条件'你看好孩子,我做饭。'
vi讲价；谈条件
bargain with sb for/over/about sth 就 … 与 … 讲价
bargain with sb. about/for/over the price 与某人讨价还价
If you bargain with them they might reduce the price.
你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。
3. admit vt. admitted; admitting ①承认；供认
He admitted his crime. 他招认了罪行。
He never admits that he is wrong. 他从不承认自己错了。
John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。
②容纳, 容许
The cinema admits about 2000 people. 这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。
His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。
The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.
这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
③许可进入，准许进入
This ticket admits two people to the football match.
这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。
admit sb. into the university 获准入大学
4. reflect vt, vi ①反射，表达；反映
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it.
当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。
Does this letter reflect how you really think? 这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
②仔细考虑（常与on, upon连用）
He reflected before answering my question.
他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。
He has to reflect on what to answer。他得考虑如何答复。
5. collection n收藏品，收集物；募捐
a large collection of stamps 大量的邮票收藏
The total collection of last week amounted ﹩250. 上周的捐款总额达250美元。
6. go back to v. 回去；重新开始；重操旧业（to是介词）
She’s decided to go back to teaching. 她已经决定重新执教。
7. present vt. ①赠送, 给予; 呈献
present a book to sb. (= present sb. with a book) 送给某人一本书
②提出; 交出
present reasons 提出理由
You must present your passport to the customs officer. 你必须把护照交给海关人员。
③介绍, 引见
Allow me to present Mr Black to you. 请允许我向您介绍布莱克先生
Period 6 Project
1. be made (out )of由…制成 /make sth. out of
The box is made out of cedar wood. 这盒子是用杉木做的。
He made a model plane out of wood. 他用木头做了一架模型飞机。
make out of... 与 make of ...的意思相同。make out of 常用于口语
They make bottles out of glass. 他们用玻璃做瓶
be made from由……制造(与 from 连用，from 后接的名词侧重指加工，(原样起化学变化)。
These wines are made from grapes. 这几种酒都是葡萄酿造的。
Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉加工而成的。
make sth. into 把……做成……
They make glass into bottles. 他们把玻璃制成瓶。
We made the material into a skirt. 我们把那块料子做成一条短裙。
2. serve as 可当……用；产生……效果
The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. 沙发可以当成床凑合一两夜。
The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.
法官说这种惩罚将起到警示他人的作用。
3. cut up①切碎 ②使受苦
His mother has to cut up all the food for him.
他的妈妈不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。
Jean was really cut up when her husband left her. 在丈夫抛弃她之后，简痛苦极了。
cut out (of) 剪除；切掉；割掉
to cut out a dress 裁剪衣服
I cut the advertisement out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下这则广告。
4. lay vt, vi laid, laying ① 放，置
Lay it on the table. 把它放在桌上。
Don't lay your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。
②摆放好
to lay the table 摆好餐桌（摆好餐具）
Will you please lay the table for dinner? 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?
③产，下（蛋）
The hen laid three eggs. 母鸡下了三个蛋。
注意：区别lie和lay的不同点
5. disgusting adj.令人厌恶的
The dirty street was disgusting.
disgust n. 作呕, 憎恶, 反感/vt. 使厌恶, 令人作呕
to one's disgust 可厌的是; 令人作呕的是
The food disgusted me. 这食物使我感到恶心。
His behavior disgusted everybody. 他的行为遭到众人的唾弃。
6. stick vt. vi. stuck, stuck ①粘贴, 张贴
stick a stamp on a letter 把邮票贴在信上
②阻塞, 卡住, 陷在...里
The bus was stuck in the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里动不了了。
stick to 遵守，坚持
stick to a post 坚守岗位
stick to one's words遵守诺言
7. dip vt, vi -pp- ①蘸；浸
She dipped her hand in the sea to find out how cold it was.
她把手放入海水中看看它有多凉。
②下降，下落
The sun dipped below the western sea. 太阳沉落在西方大海里。
（与into连用）翻阅，浏览；提取（存款），掏钱包
I haven’t read the report properly. I’ve only dipped into it.
我还没有好好阅读这份报告，我只是浏览一下。
She dipped into her pocket for money. 她在钱包里掏钱。
8. have a go at 试一试，尝试做，其中go是可数名词
---I can’t open the jar. 我打不开这个罐子。
---Let me have a go. 让我来试试/