Unit 2 In the lab

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SEFC Book 1A

Unit 2 In the lab

【目的与要求】

通过对课文"Look carefully and learn" 的学习,掌握英语中表示命令的请求的句式。

【知识要点】

1. 日常交际用语:

Here are some dos and don'ts.

Follow…instructions.

What sure that…

Do what he or she tells you to do.

2. 祈使名在直接引语和间接引语中的变化

【重点与难点分析】

Lesson 5 Dialogue

1. show的用法

①to offer for seeing (拿给人看) Show sth (to sb)或 show sb.sth.

He showed his ticket at the door. 在门口的时候他拿出了他的票。

The doctor said,"Can you show me your tongue? 医生说:"能让我看一下你的舌头吗?"

② to go with and guide or direct. (引导、带领)

May I show you to your seat? 可以让我带你到你的座位吗?

Show the gentleman in. 把那位先生领进来。

③ make known or clear. 表明,说明。

The results show that you are right. 结果证明你是对的。

The introduction shows you how to use this machine. 介绍教给你怎样使用这台机器。

2. Have been 和have gone

①Have you been in this lab before?

②My father has goon to Shanghai on business.

③- " Where is Lily? "

--" She has gone to the library."

--" Do you know where it is? "

--Sure, I have been there many times. I will show you the way.

--Thank you.

注:have been to/in 强调过去式或去过多少次,着重指到目前的一个结果。

Have gone to 讲的是现在的情况,着重指现在人不在,只用于第三人称。

3、Before和ago

①I have never seen such a good film before. 我以前从未看过这么好的电影。

②He finished this job not long before. 他不久前刚完成这项工作。

③注:before可以单独使用,表"以前",也可以和ever, never, 或者示时间段连用,

如,ten years before,常与完成时连用。

We first met you two years ago 我们2年前第一次见到你

注:ago从不单独使用,也不能与ever, never连用。但可与表示时间段的词连用,表多长时间前,所以必须用过去时。

4、Once的用法

①Once you are (in) here, listen to your teacher's instructions.

一旦你来到这儿,就要听从老师的要求。

②Once you Understand my words, you will believe me.

一旦你听懂了我的话,你就会相信。

注:上面两个例名中once是连词,主句的动作是从句动作的条件,表"一旦"

①Take this medicine once a day. 这药一天吃一次。

②Try it once more. 再试一次。

③Take it away at once! 马上把拿来!

5. Unless的用法

Unless = if not 如果不…就…

①He told me that he wouldn'tt go to the party unless was invited.

他说如果不被邀请他就不去参加那个晚会。

②Stay home unless I phone.

除非我打电话,否则一直呆在家里别出去。

6. Sure的用法

① I'm sure of his honesty.

sure that he is honest. 我相信他是诚实的。

注:be sure of + 名词/that …

②He is sure to come. 他一定会来。

③make sure

I remember that there is a plane at 8:30 PM, but you'd better make sure.

我记得晚上8:30有一次航班,不过你最好去确定一下。

Please make sure how many professors will take part in this meeting.

请去确认一下有多少教授会来参加这个会。

7. allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事。

①After finishing the homework, the boy is allowed to watch TV.

写完作业以后,男孩被允许去看电视。

②Once the concert starts, nobody is allowed to enter the concert hall.

一旦音乐会开始了,没人可以进去。

③No smoking allowed.

禁止吸烟。

8. 这课书的一些动宾搭配

Tidy the lab. 打扫实验室。

Turn on / off the lights / electricity. 打开/关上/电灯/电器

Shut the door / windows. 关门/窗

Lock the door. 锁门

 

Lesson 6 Look carefully and learn

9. make的语法

make +宾语 +宾补

①Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.

马克思把伦敦作为他革命工作的基地。

②Would you like to make yourself known to us?

你愿意做一下自我介绍吗?

③You may take a horse to the water, but you can not make him drink.

④What you did made me sad.

你的所做所为使我很难过。

注:make后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to,但被动语态须带to。 如:

⑤He was made to be our leader.

 

10. Sound, smell, taste, feel, look, 表示人的感觉的连系动词

①The surface of the table feels rough.

桌面感觉很粗糙。

②This plan sounds good.

这个计划听起来还不氏。

③The dish tastes terrible

这道茶味道不太好。

④You look pale, you'd better go to see a doctor.

你面色苍白,最好去看医生。

⑤The neat smells bad.

肉变味了。

 

11.Instead和instead of

① I went to Guangzhou by air instead of by train.

我乘飞机去广州,没坐火车。

②Mary played the piano at the concert instead of playing the violin.

Mary didn't play the violin at the concert, instead , she played the piano.

音乐会上,Mary没拉小提琴,而是弹钢琴。

注:instead of 后面接名词、代词、动词 ing 形式,改写成instead 句型时要注意②的变化。

12. return

①When does he return from school?

他什么时候放学回家?

②MiLu Deer returned to china.

麋鹿重逢中国。

③Please return the book to the library on time.

请按时把书还给图书馆。

注:return有back的意思,所以不能用return back。另外还用pay back (the money)to sb. 而不用return to。

13. None和no one

①None of us know(s) you. 我们没人认识你。

No one knows you. 没人认识你。

②None of these dictionaries belongs to me?

没有一本字典是我的。

注:None通常与of边用,表二个以上全部否定。即可以指"没有一个人",也可以指"没有一个物",但no one只指人,不指物,也不能与of边,谓语动词可单可复。

14. Enough

①The students didn't look carefully enough.

学生们看得不够仔细。

②He is old enough to dress himself.

他能自己空衣服了。

③We don't have enough money to buy it.

我们没有足够的钱去买它。

④There isn't enough room to hold so many people.

这没有足够的地方容纳这么多人。

注:enough修饰名词时放在前 enough+n. 修饰形容词或副词时放在后adj/adv+enough.

15. On holiday 度假

① The old couples are on holiday in London.

老夫雪在伦敦度假。

16. While 并列边词,表句意转折

① Mother is watching TV, while father is reading the newspapers.

妈妈在看电视,爸爸在读报纸。

② You like sports, while I like music.

你喜欢体育,我喜欢音乐。

17. 直接引语和间接引语

本单元的语法重点是直接引语和间接引语,本单元的checkpoint中例举了四对例句,表明转述祈使句时的变化,现作归纳讲解。

① 如果直接引语是表示请求的口气,则间接引语用 ask sb.to do sth.

如果直接引语是表示命令的口气,则间接引语用 tell / order sb.to do sth.

② 否定式是not to do sth.

③ 注意人称,时态做相应变化。

例: "Do not eat cold food " , the doctor said.

→the doctor told the patient not to eat cold food.

D "Do some shopping for me , please." ,he said to her.

→He asked her to do some shopping for him.

Y "You must do everything as I do" ,the professor said.

→The professor ordered his students to do everything as he did.

【典型例题】

1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him __. (95年高考)

A.not to B. Not to do C.not to it D.do not to

2.You will be late ______ you leave immediately. (96年高考)

A.unless B.until C.if D.or

3.I can hardly hear the radio, Would you please ___________ .

A.turn it on B.turn it down C.turn it up D.turn it off

4.When he was sixty years old, he __________ his hometown.

A.returned B.returned back C.returned to D.went back

5.Mr Green is ill, so today Miss Zhou teaching his class_____________ .

A.instead B.instead of C.insead him D.to take place

6.His explanation ______________ strange, but in fact it is reasonable.

A.sounds. B.sounded C.is sounded D.sound

7._________ How much water is left- ?

A.No one. B.None. C.Nothing D.Nobody.

8.That is ___________ me.

A. enough good to. B.enough good for. C.good enough for. D.good enoough to.

9.What about for a drink?

A.going out. B.go out. C.went out. D.you go out.

10. You can see a post office the other side of the street.

A.by. B.at. C.in. D.on.

请将下列句子进行直接引语和间接引语的互换。

1.He said to her, "Go away! "

2.Mother said to me, Come back before 10:00.

3.She asked us to sit down.

4.He told the boys not to make so much noise.

5.She told us not to touch anything.

 

【答案】

1-5. A.A.C.C.A. 6-10. A.B.C.A.D.

1.He ordered her to go away.

2.Mother told me to come back before 10:00.

3.She said to as ,"please sit down."

4.He said , "Don't make so much noise ,boys."

5.She said, "Don't tough anything."

分析:1.本题考查祈使句转为间接引语的用法,完整的句子应为 "His mother told him not to ride in the street." 为了避免重复,省略了ride in the street.

2.本题考查词义辨析。unless为"除非,"unit (为 …才,常用来表延续动作)

或状态直到某时刻结束,如选①应为Leave immediately, or you will be late.

3.turn on 为"打开",turn off为"关闭", turn up为"把…调高.

turn down"把…调低"

4.return是不及物动词,返回某地要用return to.

5.instead of是介词短语,表示"代替了…"实际上是"舍"。Instead是副词,表示"取" 本句意思为:格林先生病了,于是周小姐替他上课。

6.none表示三者以上的否定,两者的否定用neither,常回答以How many或How much

7.开头的疑问句,既可表示人也可表示物。

no one一般指人,回答以who开头的疑问句。

8.enough后常接for或不定式,表示结果,此句为"对我来说够好了。"另外还有:You

are kind enough to help us.肯帮助我们,你真好。

9.what about? …怎么样? 因为about是介词,所以后面要跟动名词或句词。

10.on the side of 指两边或这边与那边相对,by the side of 表示在…旁边,

at the side of 意为在…的边上。